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濟. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
濟, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
濟 in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
濟 you have here. The definition of the word
濟 will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
濟, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Translingual
Han character
濟 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+14, 17 strokes, cangjie input 水卜難 (EYX), four-corner 30123, composition ⿰氵齊)
Derived characters
Related characters
Further reading
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 656, character 1
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18498
- Dae Jaweon: page 1066, character 9
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1771, character 12
- Unihan data for U+6FDF
Chinese
Glyph origin
|
|
Old Chinese
|
| 儕
|
*zriːl
|
| 麡
|
*zriːl, *ʔsliːl, *zliːl
|
| 齋
|
*ʔsriːl
|
| 穧
|
*ʔsleds, *ʔsliːls, *zliːls
|
| 擠
|
*ʔsliːl, *ʔsliːls
|
| 躋
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*ʔsliːl, *ʔsliːls
|
| 齏
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*ʔsliːl
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| 齎
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*ʔsliːl, *ʔslil
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| 櫅
|
*ʔsliːl
|
| 齌
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*ʔsliːl, *sʰliːl, *zliːls
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| 隮
|
*ʔsliːl, *ʔsliːls
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| 賷
|
*ʔsliːl
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| 虀
|
*ʔsliːl
|
| 濟
|
*ʔsliːlʔ, *ʔsliːls
|
| 癠
|
*ʔsliːlʔ, *zliːl, *zliːlʔ, *zliːls
|
| 霽
|
*ʔsliːls
|
| 齊
|
*zliːl, *zliːls
|
| 臍
|
*zliːl
|
| 蠐
|
*zliːl, *zlil
|
| 懠
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*zliːl, *zliːls
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| 薺
|
*zliːlʔ, *zlil
|
| 鱭
|
*zliːlʔ
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| 嚌
|
*zliːls
|
| 劑
|
*zliːls, *ʔslel
|
| 齍
|
*ʔslil
|
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsliːlʔ, *ʔsliːls) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 齊 (OC *zliːl, *zliːls).
Etymology 1
Austroasiatic. Base form, without nominal n-infix, of 西 (OC *snə̂i) (Schuessler, 2007). See there for etymology.
津 (OC *ʔslin) is its n-nominalized derivative (ibid.).
Pronunciation
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
|
| Character
|
濟
|
濟
|
| Reading #
|
4/5
|
5/5
|
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
|
jì
|
jì
|
Middle
Chinese
|
‹ tsejH ›
|
‹ tsejH ›
|
Old
Chinese
|
/*ˁj(ʔ)-s/
|
/*ˁj(ʔ)-s/
|
| English
|
cross a stream; rescue
|
stop
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
|
| Zhengzhang system (2003)
|
| Character
|
濟
|
| Reading #
|
2/2
|
| No.
|
10048
|
Phonetic
component
|
齊
|
Rime
group
|
脂
|
Rime
subdivision
|
1
|
Corresponding
MC rime
|
霽
|
Old
Chinese
|
/*ʔsliːls/
|
Definitions
濟
- to cross a river; to ferry
- to help; to aid; to relieve
- to be of help; useful
Compounds
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
|
| Character
|
濟
|
濟
|
濟
|
| Reading #
|
1/5
|
2/5
|
3/5
|
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
|
jǐ
|
jǐ
|
jǐ
|
Middle
Chinese
|
‹ tsejX ›
|
‹ tsejX ›
|
‹ tsejX ›
|
Old
Chinese
|
/*ˁjʔ/
|
/*ˁəjʔ/
|
/*ˁəjʔ/
|
| English
|
numerous
|
stately
|
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
|
| Zhengzhang system (2003)
|
| Character
|
濟
|
| Reading #
|
1/2
|
| No.
|
10043
|
Phonetic
component
|
齊
|
Rime
group
|
脂
|
Rime
subdivision
|
1
|
Corresponding
MC rime
|
濟
|
Old
Chinese
|
/*ʔsliːlʔ/
|
Definitions
濟
- (～水) Ji River
- Used in 濟濟／济济 (jǐjǐ, “horde of people; multitude”).
Compounds
Etymology 3
Yue-Hashimoto (1976) relates it to Proto-Tai *ʰlaːjᴬ (“many; much”), whence Zhuang lai. This Tai word is probably related to 多 (OC *ʔl'aːl) (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation
- Northern Min
- Eastern Min
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei, Lukang, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Philippines, Singapore)
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan, Taichung)
- (Hokkien: Lukang)
- (Hokkien: Sanxia)
- (Teochew)
Definitions
濟
- (Min) many; much
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of
多 (“many; much”)
Compounds
References
- “濟”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A02354
- The template Template:R:nan:thcwda does not use the parameter(s):
1=305
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.“(#)”, in 臺灣閩南語按呢寫, Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2013.
- “Entry #12239”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.
- 劉建仁 (2012 April 29) “濟•多（tse⊦／tsue⊦）──多”, in 台灣話的語源與理據 (in Chinese), retrieved 2016-08-21
Japanese
Kanji
濟
(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 済)
- Kyūjitai form of 済
Readings
Korean
Etymology
- “to help; etc.”
From Middle Chinese 濟 (MC tsejH).
- “many”
From Middle Chinese 濟 (MC tsejX).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key):
- Phonetic hangul:
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Hanja
Wikisource
濟 (eumhun 건널 제 (geonneol je))
- Hanja form? of 제 (“to help; to aid; to relieve”).
- (literary) Hanja form? of 제 (“to cross a river”).
- (literary) Hanja form? of 제 (“many”).
- 제제 (濟濟) ― jeje ― (of people) many
Compounds
Compounds
- 제도 (濟度, jedo)
- 제민 (濟民, jemin)
- 제빈 (濟貧, jebin)
- 제생 (濟生, jesaeng)
- 제세 (濟世, jese)
- 제제 (濟濟, jeje)
- 제주 (濟州, Jeju)
- 제중 (濟衆, jejung)
- 제화 (濟化, jehwa)
- 개제 (皆濟, gaeje)
- 경제 (經濟, gyeongje)
- 광제 (廣濟, gwangje)
- 구제 (救濟, guje)
- 백제 (百濟, Baekje)
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.
Vietnamese
Han character
濟: Hán Việt readings: tế (子禮切)
濟: Nôm readings: tế
- chữ Hán form of tế (“to help; to aid; to relieve”).
Compounds
References
