Beginning at Mon Feb 24 16:43:18 2025
{{inh|zh|sit-pro|*s/d-krwak||frighten}}
(STEDT). Cognate with {{cog|bo|སྐྲག་}}
, {{cog|my|ကြောက်}}
, {{cog|lsi|kyuk}}
({{zh-ref|Hill, 2019}}
).{{inh|zh|sit-pro|*s-ram-s||otter}}
({{zh-ref|Matisoff, 2010}}
). If so, cognate with {{cog|bo|སྲམ}}
, {{cog|lsi|tr=ˀśam}}
, {{cog|my|ဖျံ}}
({{zh-ref|Hill, 2019}}
). See {{zh-ref|Matisoff (2010)}}
for a possible explanation for the apparent discrepancy in the coda (Chinese -t vs. Tibeto-Burman -m).{{inh|mhx|sit-pro|*dan ~ daj||single, one, whole, only}}
. Cognate with {{cog|lsi|da}}
, {{cog|my|တည်း||only, sole}}
and {{cog|my|တ||one}}
.{{inh|mhx|sit-pro|*s-hjwəj-t||water; liquid; body fluid}}
. Cognate with {{cog|lsi|suid"}}
and {{cog|my|သွေး}}
.{{cog|lsi|loeb}}
and {{cog|my|လှုပ်}}
.{{cog|lsi|muì}}
and {{cog|my|အမွေ}}
.{{inh|cnk|tbq-kuk-pro|*naŋ}}
, from {{inh|cnk|sit-pro|*na-ŋ|*naŋ|thou}}
. Cognates include {{cog|lsi|nang}}
and {{cog|my|နင်}}
.{{cog|lsi|ladu}}
and {{cog|my|တူ||hammer}}
.{{t|lsi|Tuyuta}}
{{inh|mhx|sit-pro|*g-sum||three}}
. Cognate with {{cog|lsi|soem"}}
and {{cog|my|သုံး||three}}
.{{also|lsi}}
{{inh|mhx|sit-pro|*duk ~ tuk||water; liquid; body fluid}}
. Cognate with {{cog|lsi|dug'}}
and {{cog|my|တောက်||poisonous}}
.{{t|lsi|Samsung}}
{{desc|lsi|'''ŋə̆³¹''' tso³³}}
{{desc|lsi|lò}}
{{zh-ref|Hill (2019)}}
(p. 64), from an older {{m|my||tr=*tuiwḥ}}
, and cognate with {{cog|lsi|tr=tha:uH}}
; he gives no potential non-Burmish cognates. STEDT gives no etymology (thûi "thrust, stab, strike").{{desc|lsi|htsáng|t=to give birth}}
{{cog|lsi|tr=-ˀu|t=cotton}}
(Hill 2019, p. 68) with further origin uncertain. Not given etymology by STEDT (wa "cotton"), while Luce adduces {{cog|bo|བལ|t=wool}}
as a cognate. Note also similarities to {{cog|vi|vải|t=cloth, fabric}}
.{{inh|my|sit-pro|*nwe|t=warm, hot}}
, an allofam of {{m|sit-pro|*C-n(w)an ~ *C-n(w)at|t=to burn, light (a fire); hot}}
. Cognates include {{cog|lsi|ngé|t=hot}}
, {{cog|och|-}}
{{och-l|熱|id}}
(STEDT).{{desc|lsi|xoo”|t=salt}}
{{desc|lsi|nang}}
{{IPAchar|/naŋ³¹/}}
{{t|lsi|Chengmay}}
{{inh|my|sit-pro|*dan ~ daj||single, one, whole, only}}
. Cognate with {{cog|lsi|da||one}}
, as well as {{cog|och|-}}
{{och-l|但|only; but}}
. {{rfe|my|source? STEDT doesn't list Burmese tâñ "only, no more" as a descendant of *(d/t)a(n/y). Luce gives {{cog|och|-}} {{och-l|單|single, alone}} as a cognate.<ref>{{R:sit:Luce 1981|page=62|head=-AÑ Finals (32. Only (after numerals); No more than)}}</ref>}}
{{inh|my|tbq-lob-pro|*ʔtsukᴴ}}
, from {{inh|my|sit-pro|*tsuk ~ tsik}}
. Cognates include {{cog|lsi|tsuk}}
and {{cog|zh|築|tr=zhù}}
.{{inh|my|tbq-lob-pro|*V-ci:tᴸ|t=goat, sheep}}
, from {{inh|my|tbq-pro|*r-tsit|t=goat, beard, goatee, yak-hair}}
. Cognate with {{cog|lsi|choyt}}
, {{cog|ii|ꍶ||goat}}
, {{cog|sit-jap|tsʰɤt||goat}}
, {{cog|nxq|ceel||goat}}
, {{cog|duu|vchit||goat}}
(STEDT).{{inh|my|sit-pro|*sej|t=fruit; rose; round object}}
. Cognate with {{cog|bo|སེ}}
and {{cog|lsi|shí}}
. Luce compares {{cog|och|-}}
{{och-l|實|fruit; substance}}
, though modern reconstructions of the Old pronunciation do not match very well.{{t|lsi|ngo}}
{{desc|lsi|lø}}
{{desc|lsi|htáng}}
{{inh|ero|sit-pro|*mi||female}}
, compare {{cog|zhb|mi³³ wo⁵⁵||old lady}}
, {{cog|pmi|m̥i¹¹ tsø⁵⁵||daughter}}
, {{cog|nmy|mi³⁵ ||female}}
, {{cog|lsi|mji̱⁵³ ||female}}
, {{cog|ii|ꀋꃋ||daughter}}
, {{cog|blk|mŷ |gloss=woman}}
and {{cog|och|妹}}
.{{t|lsi|Myitkyina}}
{{tt|lsi|gjei³¹}}
{{inh|cnk|tbq-kuk-pro}}
, from {{inh|cnk|sit-pro}}
. Cognates include {{cog|lsi|máng}}
.{{inh|bxd|sit-pro|-}}
. Cognate with {{cog|my|ယင်း||that}}
, {{cog|mhx|yao꞉}}
, {{cog|atb|yang}}
, {{cog|lsi|nyang꞉}}
and Longchuan {{cog|acn|ȵ̊aŋ³¹}}
.{{inh|bxd|sit-pro|*mi||girl; female; feminine suffix}}
. Cognate with {{cog|my|အ'''မိ'''||mother}}
(and possibly also {{l|my|'''မိန်း'''မ||woman}}
), {{cog|ii|ꃌ||woman; matron; wife}}
, {{cog|txg|𗕪||woman}}
, {{cog|sit-jap|tɯ-me||daughter}}
, {{cog|ero|sme||daughter; mother}}
, {{cog|hni|ssaq '''miq'''||daughter; woman}}
, {{cog|lhu|zad '''mid'''||daughter}}
, {{cog|nxq|mil||woman; daughter}}
, {{cog|sit-bok|ȵe məː||girl; woman; female}}
and {{cog|kar-pro|*hmɨᴮ||female; woman}}
. Compare {{cog|atb|'''myi'''we}}
, {{cog|lsi|'''myi:''' yi:}}
, Longchuan {{cog|acn|'''ȵi³¹''' mɔʔ³¹||wife}}
, Luxi {{cog|acn|'''mjiʔ³¹''' ʑɛ⁵¹||wife}}
and {{cog|hpo|'''mì''' sà(ʔ)}}
~ {{l|hpo|'''''mì''' zà''}}
. Shared roots between "wife" and "woman" occur cross-linguistically, compare {{w|English language|English}}
{{m|en|wife}}
and {{m|en|woman}}
.{{inh|bxd|sit-pro|*k-rak||chicken, fowl}}
. Cognate with {{cog|my|ကြက်}}
, with the prefix dropped. Also cognate with {{cog|ii|ꃬ}}
, {{cog|lis|ꓭꓸ#etymology_2|ꓭꓸ}}
, {{cog|hni|aq '''ha'''}}
, {{cog|txg|𗡗||chicken}}
, {{cog|ero|ɣra}}
, {{cog|sit-tos|vo⁵³}}
and {{cog|sit-bok|po '''rok'''}}
. Compare {{cog|mhx|qo,}}
, {{cog|atb|woq}}
, {{cog|lsi|gyo,}}
, Longchuan {{cog|acn|kʐuaʔ⁵⁵}}
and possibly {{cog|hpo|chòˀ}}
.{{inh|bxd|sit-pro|*k-jim ~ k-jum|t=house; pit; womb}}
. Cognate with {{cog|my|အိမ်}}
, {{cog|bo|ཁྱིམ|t=house}}
, {{cog|och|窨}}
, {{cog|lis|ꓧꓲʼ|t=home}}
, {{cog|ero|jo}}
, {{cog|jiq|jə́m}}
and {{cog|txg|𗹨|t=house, tent}}
. Compare with {{cog|mhx|yham}}
, {{cog|atb|yvum}}
, {{cog|lsi|yhoem:}}
, and Longchuan {{cog|acn|in⁵⁵}}
.{{unc|bxd}}
. Likely related with {{cog|sit-tan-pro|*ju|t=demon/evil spirit}}
, cf. {{cog|sit-bok|u ju|t=ghost}}
, also {{cog|och|鬼|t=spirit, demon}}
, and {{cog|txg|𗢛|t=demon}}
, {{cog|ero|jə|t=ghost, spirit}}
, and {{cog|nuf|ʑui³³}}
. Compare {{cog|mhx|yui}}
, {{cog|lsi|yu'}}
.{{rhymes nav|it|ɛ|lsi}}
{{cog|mhx|fo' khye'}}
and {{cog|lsi|fu, khyab,}}
.{{rhymes nav|it|a|lsi}}
{{cog|my|ချပ်||t=numerical classifier for flat objects}}
(<{{cog|obr|ခ္လပ်|tr=khlap}}
). Possibly ultimately from {{inh|bxd|sit-pro|*s-lap||leaf}}
, thus cognate with {{cog|och|-}}
{{och-l|葉}}
("leaf"), {{cog|bo|ལོ་མ|'''ལོ'''་མ||t=leaf}}
and {{cog|kac|lap|t=leaf}}
. Compare {{cog|mhx|khye'}}
and {{cog|lsi|khyab'}}
.{{cog|mhx|zae}}
, {{cog|atb|zan}}
and {{cog|lsi|zan'}}
.{{cog|lsi|xang:}}
and {{cog|my|ဆင်}}
.{{cog|atb|i}}
, {{cog|lsi|eig'}}
and Luxi {{cog|acn|ak⁵⁵}}
. Whether these forms are related to forms with initial s-/ʃ-(as in {{cog|mhx|shid'}}
) or not is unclear but seems possible.{{inh|mhx|sit-pro|*rəj||water; liquid; body fluid}}
. Cognate with {{cog|lsi|gyid}}
and {{cog|my|ရေ}}
.{{inh|mhx|sit-pro|*sjim||to sweep}}
. Cognate with {{cog|lsi|shoem"}}
.{{cog|lsi|xam:}}
and {{cog|my|ဆံ}}
.{{cog|lsi|nhang:}}
and {{cog|my|နှင်||to drive out, to expel, to banish}}
.{{cog|lsi|du}}
and {{cog|my|တူ||similar}}
.{{cog|lsi|dung'}}
and {{cog|my|တောင်||arm; cubit}}
as in {{cog|my|အတောင်||wings; feather}}
.{{cog|lsi|mang"}}
, {{cog|my|မင်း||lord}}
and {{cog|zh|孟}}
.{{cog|lsi|lang"}}
and {{cog|my|လင့်||to wait for}}
.{{cog|lsi|ceug}}
and {{cog|my|စုတ်||to tear; tattered}}
.{{bor|bxd|zh|種#Pronunciation_1||kind, sort}}
. Compare {{cog|atb|zhung}}
and {{cog|lsi|jung}}
.{{inh|bxd|sit-pro|*d-kʷəj-n||dog}}
. Cognate with {{cog|my|ခွေး||t=dog}}
(from {{cog|obr|ခုယ်|tr=hkuy||dog}}
), {{cog|och|犬||dog}}
, {{cog|bo|ཁྱི||dog}}
, {{cog|ii|ꈌ||dog}}
, {{cog|lis|ꓘꓶꓽ||''(archaic)''dog}}
, {{cog|nxq|kee||dog}}
, {{cog|txg|𗘂||dog}}
, {{cog|sit-jap|'''kʰɯ'''na||dog}}
, {{cog|ero|'''kə''' ta||dog}}
, {{cog|kac|gwi||dog}}
, {{cog|lus|ǔi||dog}}
, {{cog|mni|ꯍꯨꯢ||dog}}
and {{cog|sit-bok|i '''kiː'''||dog}}
. Compare {{cog|mhx|kha:}}
~ {{m|mhx|la'''kha:'''||dog}}
, {{cog|atb|kui}}
, {{cog|lsi|la'''khuid”'''}}
, Longchuan {{cog|acn|xui³¹}}
and {{cog|hpo|tă '''kʰwìʼ'''}}
.{{cog|mhx|'''sin꞉''' do;}}
, {{cog|atb|woq '''san'''}}
, and {{cog|lsi|khyid꞉ '''sain”'''}}
.{{inh|bxd|sit-pro|*m-dzam||bridge}}
. Cognate with {{cog|bo|ཟམ་པ||bridge}}
, {{cog|ii|ꋒ||bridge}}
, {{cog|nuf|gu⁵⁵ '''dza³³'''||bridge}}
, {{cog|lis|ꓖꓳꓽ '''ꓙꓱꓻ'''||bridge, ladder}}
, {{cog|hni|zol||bridge, ladder}}
, {{cog|nxq|zzoq||bridge}}
, {{cog|txg|𗋻||bridge}}
, {{cog|sit-jap|ndzom||bridge}}
, {{cog|ero|dzo||bridge}}
, {{cog|pmi|dzã³⁵||bridge}}
and {{cog|duu|dzɑ̆m⁵⁵||bridge}}
. Compare {{cog|mhx|zae}}
, {{cog|atb|zam}}
, {{cog|lsi|zam}}
, Longchuan {{cog|acn|tɕam⁵⁵}}
and Luxi {{cog|acn|tsam³¹}}
.{{m|bxd|ja̠m⁵⁵||home}}
+ {{m|bxd|a³¹ '''saŋ⁵⁵'''||lord, host}}
Compare with {{cog|mhx|yham sang}}
, {{cog|atb|yvumsing}}
, {{cog|lsi|yhoem꞉ seing꞉}}
, and Lianghe {{cog|acn|ɑŋ³¹ ʂəŋ³¹||host, lord}}
.{{inh|bxd|sit-pro|-}}
. Cognate with {{cog|my|ပုံ||pile, to pile up}}
, possibly {{cog|bo|ཕུང་པོ||pile}}
, {{cog|ii|ꁧ||mountain, pile}}
, {{cog|nuf|bɔ³³||pile}}
, {{cog|lis|ꓑꓱꓺ||heap, pile}}
, {{cog|nxq|ba||pile}}
, possibly {{cog|sit-jap|rmbɯ||to pile up}}
, possibly {{cog|txg|𗪽||to gather}}
, {{cog|pmi|bu⁵⁵||pile}}
, {{cog|kac|bum||mountain, to pile up}}
, {{cog|kar-pro|*plomᴮ||to pile up}}
, {{cog|cdm|'''पोम्ह्'''सा||tr='''pomh''' sa|to pile up}}
, {{cog|mni|ꯄꯥꯝ||hilly terrain}}
and {{cog|sit-bok|pum||to pile up}}
. Compare {{cog|mhx|bam}}
, {{cog|atb|bum}}
, {{cog|lsi|boem}}
and Longchuan {{cog|acn|pum⁵⁵}}
.{{cog|my|စေ့||t=to come to specified time}}
. Compare {{cog|mhx|joe”}}
, {{cog|atb|zhe}}
, {{cog|lsi|ju”}}
and Luxi {{cog|acn|tɕuɛ⁵¹}}
.{{inh|bxd|sit-pro|-}}
. Cognate with {{cog|my|ဘီး||comb}}
, {{m|my|ဖြီး||to comb, to brush (hair)}}
, {{lb|bxd|possibly}}
{{cog|zh|-}}
{{och-l|篦}}
, {{cog|nuf|pɹe̱⁵⁵||comb}}
, {{cog|lis|ꓑꓶꓸ||comb; to comb}}
, {{cog|hni|'''peiq''' toq||comb}}
, {{cog|nxq|berl||to comb}}
, {{m|nxq|'''berl''' mei||comb}}
, {{cog|nmy|ʁuo⁵⁵ '''pəəʴ³¹'''||comb}}
and {{lb|bxd|possibly}}
{{cog|bca|sul '''pind'''||comb}}
. Compare {{cog|mhx|pye꞉}}
, {{cog|atb|byve}}
, {{cog|lsi|pyi”}}
, Luxi {{cog|acn|pjɛ⁵⁵}}
and {{cog|hpo|phyè||to comb}}
, {{m|hpo|'''phyè''' xò||comb}}
.{{compound|bxd|u³⁵|lam³¹|t1={{lb|bxd|in compounds}} head|t2=classifier for round things; generic classifier}}
. Compare {{cog|mhx|au꞉ lam꞉}}
, {{cog|atb|ulvum}}
and {{cog|lsi|vhu” loem}}
.{{inh|bxd|tbq-lob-pro|-}}
. Cognate with {{cog|my|ဦး||head; first}}
, {{cog|ii|ꀑ||pos=''literary''|head}}
, {{cog|nuf|'''u³¹''' phu⁵⁵ ||head}}
, {{cog|lis|'''ꓪꓴꓸ''' ꓓꓵꓺ||head}}
and {{cog|hni|'''wuq'''duq||head}}
. Compare {{cog|mhx|au꞉||head}}
, {{cog|atb|u||head}}
, {{cog|lsi|'''vhu”''' loem}}
, Mangshi {{cog|acn|'''u⁵⁵''' nɔŋ⁵⁵}}
and Xiandao {{cog|acn|'''u³¹''' kɔŋ³¹ }}
.{{cog|obr|အ|tr=a}}
, {{cog|atb|a}}
and {{cog|lsi|a}}
. Possibly also related with {{cog|ii|ꀋ}}
. STEDT considers forms with zero-initial being derivations from {{inh|bxd|sit-pro|*ma|t=not}}
.{{inh|bxd|sit-pro|-}}
. Possibly cognate with {{cog|my|ထွေ||{{gl|archaic}}
to say; pronouncement made by an august person {{gl|from ] {{m|obr|ထုယ်|tr=htuy}}}}}}
, {{cog|txg|𘊴||to say, to speak}}
; Cognate with {{cog|yiv|tsʰo³³ '''tʰɯ²¹'''||voice}}
, {{cog|yix|i³³ '''tʰɯ³³'''||voice}}
, {{cog|hni|ddoq'''teil'''||voice, sound}}
and {{cog|jiu|ɑ³³'''tʰə⁴⁴'''||voice, sound}}
. Compare {{cog|mhx|thoe}}
, {{cog|atb|te}}
, {{cog|lsi|thui:}}
and Longchuan {{cog|acn|ŋ̊eŋ³⁵ '''the⁵⁵'''}}
.{{cog|my|ထို||that}}
{{gl|from ] {{m|obr|ထိဝ်|tr=htiw}} ~ {{m|obr|ထိုဝ်|tr=htuiw}}}}
, {{cog|ii|ꀊ'''ꄶ'''||that}}
(possibly also {{l|ii|ꄚ||here}}
), {{cog|lis|ꓕꓱꓻ||this}}
, Dazhai {{cog|hni|tyul||that}}
, {{cog|nxq|tee||that}}
, {{cog|ero|ə '''thə'''||that (yonder)}}
and {{cog|cng|thɛː||that}}
. Compare {{cog|mhx|thoe}}
, {{cog|lsi|thu꞉}}
and Longchuan {{cog|acn|tʰe⁵⁵}}
.{{tt|lsi|gjei³¹}}
{{langcat|lsi}}
Elapsed time: 0 mins 38.47 secs Ending at Mon Feb 24 16:43:56 2025
{{R:sit:Luce 1981|page=8|head=-WA Finals (141. Cotton (raw)}}
{{R:sit:Luce 1981|page=|head=-I and -E Finals (105. Fruit; to Fruit)}}