afrontar

Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *affrontāre, from Latin ad frontem.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central)
• IPA^(key): (Balearic)
• IPA^(key): (Valencian)
• Rhymes: -a(ɾ)

Verb

afrontar (first-person singular present afronto, first-person singular preterite afrontí, past participle afrontat); root stress: (Central, Valencian, Balearic) /o/

1. (transitive) to face, to confront

   Synonym: fer front

Conjugation

Related terms

• afront
• front

Further reading

• “afrontar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “afrontar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “afrontar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “afrontar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese afrontar, from a Vulgar Latin *affrontāre, from Latin ad frontem. Equivalent to a- +‎ fronte +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Verb

afrontar (first-person singular present afronto, first-person singular preterite afrontei, past participle afrontado)

1. (transitive) to face, confront

   Synonyms: arrostrar, encarar

2. (transitive) to abuse, insult

   Synonyms: deostar, insultar

3. (takes a reflexive pronoun) to take offense

   Synonyms: anoxar, ofender

   • 1697, José Gil Taboada, Grande loita de luceiros:

     Señora may (os luceyros
     Din) vostede s'afrontou
     Sen causa, porque esta loyta
     Ll'a de dar mais relumbros.

     Lady mother -the luminaries
     Say- your grace took offense
     With no motive, because this fight
     Will give you more shine

4. (takes a reflexive pronoun) to suffocate

   Synonyms: acorar, afogar, atafegar

5. (intransitive) to gasp, to pant

   Synonyms: ampear, arfar, inar

Conjugation

Derived terms

• afronta

References

• “afrontar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
• “afront” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
• “afrontar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
• “afrontar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “afrontar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
• “afrontar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Occitan

Etymology

Attested from the 12th century. From Old Occitan , from a Vulgar Latin *affrontāre, from Latin ad frontem.

Pronunciation

• Audio (Béarn)

  (file)

Verb

afrontar

1. to face, to confront

Conjugation

    Lengadocian (Central Occitan)

		simple			compound
infinitive		afrontar			aver afrontat
gerund		afrontant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		afrontat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	afronti	afrontas	afronta	afrontam	afrontatz	afrontan
	imperfect	afrontavi	afrontavas	afrontava	afrontàvem	afrontàvetz	afrontavan
	preterite	afrontèri	afrontères	afrontèt	afrontèrem	afrontèretz	afrontèron
	future	afrontarai	afrontaràs	afrontarà	afrontarem	afrontaretz	afrontaràn
	conditional	afrontariái	afrontariás	afrontariá	afrontariam	afrontariatz	afrontarián
	conditional 2nd form1	afrontèra	afrontèras	afrontèra	afronteram	afronteratz	afrontèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	afronte	afrontes	afronte	afrontem	afrontetz	afronten
	imperfect	afrontèssi	afrontèsses	afrontèsse	afrontèssem	afrontèssetz	afrontèsson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			afronta		afrontem	afrontatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Auvernhàs

		simple			compound
infinitive		afrontar			aver afrontat
gerund		afrontant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		afrontat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	afronte	afrontes	afronta	afrontam	afrontatz	afronton
	imperfect	afrontave	afrontaves	afrontava	afrontaviam	afrontaviatz	afrontavon
	preterite	afrontere	afronteres	afrontet	afrontem	afrontetz	afronteron
	future	afrontarai	afrontaràs	afrontará	afrontarem	afrontaretz	afrontarán
	conditional	afrontariá	afrontariás	afrontariá	afrontariam	afrontariatz	afrontarián
	conditional 2nd form1	afrontèra	afrontèras	afrontèra	afronteram	afronteratz	afrontèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	afronte	afrontes	afronte	afrontassiam	afrontassiatz	afronton
	imperfect	afrontesse	afrontesses	afrontesse	afrontessiam	afrontessiatz	afrontesson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			afronta		afrontassiam	afrontatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Gascon

		simple			compound
infinitive		afrontar			aver afrontat
gerund		afrontant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		afrontat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	afronti	afrontas	afronta	afrontam	afrontatz	afrontan
	imperfect	afrontavi	afrontavas	afrontava	afrontàvam	afrontàvatz	afrontavan
	preterite	afrontèi	afrontès	afrontè	afrontèm	afrontètz	afrontèn
	future	afrontarèi	afrontaràs	afrontarà	afrontaram	afrontaratz	afrontaràn
	conditional	afrontarí	afrontarés	afrontaré	afrontarem	afrontaretz	afrontarén
	conditional 2nd form1	afrontèra	afrontèras	afrontèra	afronteram	afronteratz	afrontèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	afronti	afrontes	afronte	afrontem	afrontetz	afronten
	imperfect	afrontèssi	afrontèsses	afrontèsse	afrontèssem	afrontèssetz	afrontèssen
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			afronta		afrontem	afrontatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Lemosin

		simple			compound
infinitive		afrontar			aver afrontat
gerund		afrontant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		afrontat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	afronte	afrontas	afronta	afrontam	afrontatz	afrontan
	imperfect	afrontava	afrontavas	afrontava	afrontàvam	afrontàvatz	afrontavan
	preterite	afrontei	afronteras	afrontet	afrontèram	afrontèratz	afronteran
	future	afrontarai	afrontaràs	afrontará	afrontarem	afrontaretz	afrontarán
	conditional	afrontariá	afrontariàs	afrontariá	afrontariam	afrontariatz	afrontarián
	conditional 2nd form1	afrontèra	afrontèras	afrontèra	afronteram	afronteratz	afrontèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	afronte	afrontes	afronte	afrontem	afrontetz	afronten
	imperfect	afrontèsse	afrontèsses	afrontèsse	afrontèssem	afrontèssetz	afrontèssen
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			afronta		afrontem	afrontatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Provençau

		simple			compound
infinitive		afrontar			aver afrontat
gerund		afrontant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		afrontat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	afronte	afrontes	afronta	afrontam	afrontatz	afrontan
	imperfect	afrontavi	afrontavas	afrontava	afrontàvem	afrontàvetz	afrontavan
	preterite	afrontère	afrontères	afrontèt	afronteriam	afronteriatz	afrontèron
	future	afrontarai	afrontaràs	afrontarà	afrontarem	afrontaretz	afrontaràn
	conditional	afrontariáu	afrontariás	afrontariá	afrontariam	afrontariatz	afrontarián
	conditional 2nd form1	afrontèra	afrontèras	afrontèra	afronteram	afronteratz	afrontèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	afronte	afrontes	afronte	afrontem	afrontetz	afrontan
	imperfect	afrontèsse	afrontèsses	afrontèsse	afrontessiam	afrontessiatz	afrontèsson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			afronta		afrontem	afrontatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

References

Portuguese

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese , from a Vulgar Latin *affrontāre, from Latin ad frontem. By surface analysis, a- +‎ fronte +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: a‧fron‧tar

Verb

afrontar (first-person singular present afronto, first-person singular preterite afrontei, past participle afrontado)

1. (transitive) abuse (to insult)

   Synonyms: insultar, ultrajar, ofender

2. to confront
3. to face
4. to cause sickness

Conjugation

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:afrontar.

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *affrontāre, derived from Latin ad- + frontem. Doublet of afrentar. The expected diphthongization of Latin stressed /ŏ/ is attested in medieval conjugations such as afruenta.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /afɾonˈtaɾ/

• Audio (Venezuela):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: a‧fron‧tar

Verb

afrontar (first-person singular present afronto, first-person singular preterite afronté, past participle afrontado)

1. (transitive) to face, address, tackle, meet, deal with, confront, cope with, handle, bear, manage, (e.g. reality, an issue, a situation, a problem)

   Afrontémoslo... ― Let's face it...

2. to defy, to brave
3. to afford, to bear (e.g. a cost, a loss)

Conjugation

Derived terms

Related terms

References

• Joan Coromines, José A. Pascual (1984) “frente”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), volumes II (Ce–F), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 954

Further reading

• “afrontar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014