lazimu

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Swahili

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic لَازِم (lāzim).

Verb

-lazimu (infinitive kulazimu)

  1. to need to, to have to, to force

Conjugation

Conjugation of -lazimu
Positive present -nalazimu
Subjunctive -lazimu
Negative -lazimu
Imperative singular lazimu
Infinitives
Positive kulazimu
Negative kutolazimu
Imperatives
Singular lazimu
Plural lazimuni
Tensed forms
Habitual hulazimu
Positive past positive subject concord + -lilazimu
Negative past negative subject concord + -kulazimu
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nalazimu)
Singular Plural
1st person ninalazimu/nalazimu tunalazimu
2nd person unalazimu mnalazimu
3rd person m-wa(I/II) analazimu wanalazimu
other classes positive subject concord + -nalazimu
Negative present (negative subject concord + -lazimu)
Singular Plural
1st person silazimu hatulazimu
2nd person hulazimu hamlazimu
3rd person m-wa(I/II) halazimu hawalazimu
other classes negative subject concord + -lazimu
Positive future positive subject concord + -talazimu
Negative future negative subject concord + -talazimu
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -lazimu)
Singular Plural
1st person nilazimu tulazimu
2nd person ulazimu mlazimu
3rd person m-wa(I/II) alazimu walazimu
other classes positive subject concord + -lazimu
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -silazimu
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngelazimu
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singelazimu
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalilazimu
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalilazimu
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -alazimu)
Singular Plural
1st person nalazimu twalazimu
2nd person walazimu mwalazimu
3rd person m-wa(I/II) alazimu walazimu
m-mi(III/IV) walazimu yalazimu
ji-ma(V/VI) lalazimu yalazimu
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chalazimu vyalazimu
n(IX/X) yalazimu zalazimu
u(XI) walazimu see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwalazimu
pa(XVI) palazimu
mu(XVIII) mwalazimu
Perfect positive subject concord + -melazimu
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshalazimu
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jalazimu
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kilazimu
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipolazimu
Consecutive kalazimu / positive subject concord + -kalazimu
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kalazimu
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nilazimu -tulazimu
2nd person -kulazimu -walazimu/-kulazimuni/-walazimuni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mlazimu -walazimu
m-mi(III/IV) -ulazimu -ilazimu
ji-ma(V/VI) -lilazimu -yalazimu
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kilazimu -vilazimu
n(IX/X) -ilazimu -zilazimu
u(XI) -ulazimu see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kulazimu
pa(XVI) -palazimu
mu(XVIII) -mulazimu
Reflexive -jilazimu
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -lazimu- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -lazimuye -lazimuo
m-mi(III/IV) -lazimuo -lazimuyo
ji-ma(V/VI) -lazimulo -lazimuyo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -lazimucho -lazimuvyo
n(IX/X) -lazimuyo -lazimuzo
u(XI) -lazimuo see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -lazimuko
pa(XVI) -lazimupo
mu(XVIII) -lazimumo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -lazimu)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yelazimu -olazimu
m-mi(III/IV) -olazimu -yolazimu
ji-ma(V/VI) -lolazimu -yolazimu
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -cholazimu -vyolazimu
n(IX/X) -yolazimu -zolazimu
u(XI) -olazimu see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kolazimu
pa(XVI) -polazimu
mu(XVIII) -molazimu
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms