quantus

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Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *kʷāntos, from either:

Pronunciation

Adjective

quantus (feminine quanta, neuter quantum); first/second-declension adjective

  1. how much, how many
    • c. 4 BCE – 65 CE, Seneca the Younger, Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium 1.2.6:
      Quid enim refert quantum illī in arcā, quantum in horreīs iaceat, quantum pāscat aut feneret, sī aliēnō imminet, sī nōn acquīsīta sed acquīrenda computat?
      For what does it matter how much lies in his strongbox, how much in his granaries, how many he pastures or puts out at interest, if he sets his sights on what belongs to others, if he reckons not what he has acquired but what there is to acquire?
  2. how big or how great
    • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.48-49:
      “ Teucrum comitantibus armīs / Pūnica sē quantīs attollet glōria rēbus!”
      “With the arms of Troy accompanying our own, Punic renown will arise through such great deeds!”
  3. as much, great, or far as, etc., expressing a relative proportion or related quantity
    • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.445–446:
      ipsa haeret scopulīs et, quantum vertice ad aurās / aetheriās, tantum rādīce in Tartara tendit.
      the itself holds tight to bedrock and, as high as its peak to heavenly air, to that extent its roots stretch to Tartarus.

Usage notes

  • Being an adjective in its most basic function, quantus was then used substantively as quantum (with genitive) to mean "as much of...as"; as quantī (pretiī) to mean "how high (a price)", "as high (a price) as", "how dear", "as dear as"; adverbially as quantum to mean "as much as" (cf. quam); as quantō to mean "by how much", "by as much as". For all these tantus has its coordinate functions.

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative quantus quanta quantum quantī quantae quanta
genitive quantī quantae quantī quantōrum quantārum quantōrum
dative quantō quantae quantō quantīs
accusative quantum quantam quantum quantōs quantās quanta
ablative quantō quantā quantō quantīs
vocative quante quanta quantum quantī quantae quanta

Coordinate terms

Derived terms

Latin correlatives (edit)
type demonstrative anaphoric identity interrogative/
relative		 indefinite negative other
proximal medial distal relative indefinite free choice universal negative polarity
basic hic iste, istic ille, illic is ipse, īdem quis/quī quisquis, quīcumque quis, quī, quīdam, aliquis, aliquī, quispiam quīvis, quīlibet quisque quisquam, ūllus, °aliquisquam nēmō, nihil, nūllus alius
dual uter utercumque alteruter utervīs, uterlibet uterque neuter alter
place hīc istīc illīc ibī̆ ibī̆dem ubī̆ ubiubi, ubī̆cumque alicubī, uspiam ubivīs, ubilibet ubīque usquam nusquam, nūllibī alibī, aliās
source hinc istinc illinc inde indidem unde undecumque, undeunde alicunde °undelibet undique aliunde
destination hūc, °hōrsum istūc, °istōrsum illūc, °illōrsum eō eōdem quō, quōrsum quōquō, quōcumque aliquō, quōpiam, °aliquōvorsum quōvīs, quōlibet quōquam nusquam, nūllōrsum aliō, aliōrsum
method,
means,
path,
place 		hāc istāc illāc eā eādem quā quāquā, quācumque aliquā quāvīs, quālibet quāque °quāquam nēquāquam, haudquāquam aliā
manner hōc modō istō modō illō modō ita, sīc,
eō modō		 item, itidem ut, quī, quō modō, quōmodo, quemadmodum utut, utcumque, quōmodocumque quī, quōdam modō, aliquō modō quōmodolibet utīque ūllō modō nūllō modō aliter, aliōquī, alterō/aliō modō
time num, nunc ōlim tum, tunc simul quandō, ‡cum cumque, quandōcumque, quandōque quondam, aliquandō quandōlibet quandōque umquam numquam aliās
quantity tam †tamen, †tandem quam †quamquam aliquam quamvīs, quamlibet
size tantus tantusdem quantus quantuscumque aliquantus quantusvīs, quantuslibet
quality tālis quālis quālis, quāliscumque aliquālis quālislibet
number tot totidem quot quotquot, quotcumque aliquot quotlibet
order totus quotus quotuscumque aliquotus quotuslibet
repetition totiēns quotiēns quotiēnscumque aliquotiēns quotiēnslibet
multiplication totuplex quotuplex
† Turned conjunction with original meaning somewhat dissimilated
° Rare
‡only used as a conjunction, not as an interrogative

Descendants

References

  1. ^ Lowe, John (2014) “Indo-European Caland Adjectives in *-nt- and Participles in Sanskrit”, in Historische Sprachforschung / Historical Linguistics‎, volume 127, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, →ISSN, →JSTOR, pages 166–195
  • “quantus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “quantus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • "quantus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • quantus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • (ambiguous) as far as I can guess: quantum ego coniectura assequor, auguror
    • (ambiguous) as far as I know: quantum scio
    • (ambiguous) I am not dissatisfied with my progress: non me paenitet, quantum profecerim
    • (ambiguous) to take only enough food to support life: tantum cibi et potionis adhibere quantum satis est
  • William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E Smith, editors (1911), “quantity”, in The Century Dictionary , New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
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