спасти

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See also: съпасти

Old Church Slavonic

Verb

спасти • (spasti)

  1. Alternative form of съпасти (sŭpasti)

Russian

Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic съпасти (sŭpasti), which is a borrowing from Old Church Slavonic съпасти (sŭpasti). Ultimately from Proto-Slavic *sъ(n) + *pasti (“to pasture, herd”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
  • Audio:(file)

Verb

спасти́ • (spastí) pf (imperfective спаса́ть)

  1. to save, to rescue
    • 1886, Anton Chekhov, Хори́стка:
      А ме́жду тем есть сре́дство спасти́ его́ и нас от нищеты́ и позо́ра.
      A méždu tem jestʹ srédstvo spastí jevó i nas ot niščetý i pozóra.
      And yet there is a chance of saving him and us from destitution and disgrace.
    • 1981, Влади́мир Желе́зников (Vladímir Želéznikov), Чу́чело (Čúčelo):
      Его́ ножо́м по́ сердцу резану́ло ― так захоте́лось ей помо́чь, так бесконе́чно захоте́лось её спасти́, ― он бро́сился к не́й.
      Jevó nožóm pó serdcu rezanúlo ― tak zaxotélosʹ jej pomóčʹ, tak beskonéčno zaxotélosʹ jejó spastí, ― on brósilsja k néj.
      He felt as if someone slashed his heart with a knife - so great was his desire to help her, so endless was his desire to save her, - he dashed towards her.
  2. to salvage

Conjugation

Conjugation of спасти́ (class 7b/b perfective transitive)
Note: For declension of participles, see their entries. Adverbial participles are indeclinable.
perfective aspect
infinitive спасти́
spastí
participles present tense past tense
active — спа́сший
spásšij
passive — спасённый
spasjónnyj
adverbial — спа́сши
spásši
present tense future tense
1st singular (я) — спасу́
spasú
2nd singular (ты) — спасёшь
spasjóšʹ
3rd singular (он/она́/оно́) — спасёт
spasjót
1st plural (мы) — спасём
spasjóm
2nd plural (вы) — спасёте
spasjóte
3rd plural (они́) — спасу́т
spasút
imperative singular plural
спаси́
spasí		 спаси́те
spasíte
past tense singular plural
(мы/вы/они́)
masculine (я/ты/он) спа́с
spás		 спасли́
spaslí
feminine (я/ты/она́) спасла́
spaslá
neuter (оно́) спасло́
spasló
Pre-reform conjugation of спасти́ (class 7b/b perfective transitive)
Note: For declension of participles, see their entries. Adverbial participles are indeclinable.
perfective aspect
infinitive спасти́
spastí
participles present tense past tense
active — спа́сшій
spásšij
passive — спасённый
spasjónnyj
adverbial — спа́сши
spásši
present tense future tense
1st singular (я) — спасу́
spasú
2nd singular (ты) — спасёшь
spasjóšʹ
3rd singular (он/она́/оно́) — спасётъ
spasjót
1st plural (мы) — спасёмъ
spasjóm
2nd plural (вы) — спасёте
spasjóte
3rd plural (они́) — спасу́тъ
spasút
imperative singular plural
спаси́
spasí		 спаси́те
spasíte
past tense singular plural
(мы/вы/они́)
masculine (я/ты/он) спа́съ
spás		 спасли́
spaslí
feminine (я/ты/она́) спасла́
spaslá
neuter (оно́) спасло́
spasló

References

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

From с- +‎ па̏сти.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /spâsti/
  • Hyphenation: спа‧сти

Verb

спа̏сти ? (Latin spelling spȁsti)

  1. (intransitive) to fall down
  2. (intransitive) to decline
  3. (intransitive) to be reduced to, be lowered or debased
Conjugation
Conjugation of спасти
Infinitive: спасти Present verbal adverb: — Past verbal adverb: спа̑вши Verbal noun: —
Number Singular Plural
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Verbal forms ја ти он / она / оно ми ви они / оне / она
Present спаднем
спанем 		спаднеш
спанеш 		спадне
спане 		спаднемо
спанемо 		спаднете
спанете 		спадну
спану
Future Future I спаст ћу1
спашћу 		спаст ћеш1
спашћеш 		спаст ће1
спашће 		спаст ћемо1
спашћемо 		спаст ћете1
спашћете 		спаст ће1
спашће
Future II бу̏де̄м спао2 бу̏де̄ш спао2 бу̏де̄ спао2 бу̏де̄мо спали2 бу̏де̄те спали2 бу̏дӯ спали2
Past Perfect спао сам2 спао си2 спао је2 спали смо2 спали сте2 спали су2
Pluperfect3 би̏о сам спао2 би̏о си спао2 би̏о је спао2 би́ли смо спали2 би́ли сте спали2 би́ли су спали2
Aorist спадох спаде спаде спадосмо спадосте спадоше
Conditional I спао бих2 спао би2 спао би2 спали бисмо2 спали бисте2 спали би2
Conditional II4 би̏о бих спао2 би̏о би спао2 би̏о би спао2 би́ли бисмо спали2 би́ли бисте спали2 би́ли би спали2
Imperative — спадни
спани 		— спаднимо
спанимо 		спадните
спаните 		—
Active past participle спао m / спала f / спало n спали m / спале f / спала n
1   Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic.
2   For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively.
3   Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped.

4   Often replaced by the conditional I in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped.
  *Note: The aorist and imperfect were not present in, or have nowadays fallen into disuse in, many dialects and therefore they are routinely replaced by the past perfect in both formal and colloquial speech.

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /spâːsti/
  • Hyphenation: спа‧сти

Verb

спа̑сти ? (Latin spelling spȃsti)

  1. (Bosnia, Serbia, transitive) to save, salvage, rescue
Conjugation
Conjugation of спасти
Infinitive: спасти Present verbal adverb: — Past verbal adverb: спӣвши Verbal noun: —
Number Singular Plural
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Verbal forms ја ти он / она / оно ми ви они / оне / она
Present спасем спасеш спасе спасемо спасете спасу
Future Future I спаст ћу1
спашћу 		спаст ћеш1
спашћеш 		спаст ће1
спашће 		спаст ћемо1
спашћемо 		спаст ћете1
спашћете 		спаст ће1
спашће
Future II бу̏де̄м спасао2 бу̏де̄ш спасао2 бу̏де̄ спасао2 бу̏де̄мо спасли2 бу̏де̄те спасли2 бу̏дӯ спасли2
Past Perfect спасао сам2 спасао си2 спасао је2 спасли смо2 спасли сте2 спасли су2
Pluperfect3 би̏о сам спасао2 би̏о си спасао2 би̏о је спасао2 би́ли смо спасли2 би́ли сте спасли2 би́ли су спасли2
Aorist спасох спасе спасе спасосмо спасосте спасоше
Conditional I спасао бих2 спасао би2 спасао би2 спасли бисмо2 спасли бисте2 спасли би2
Conditional II4 би̏о бих спасао2 би̏о би спасао2 би̏о би спасао2 би́ли бисмо спасли2 би́ли бисте спасли2 би́ли би спасли2
Imperative — спаси — спасимо спасите —
Active past participle спасао m / спасла f / спасло n спасли m / спасле f / спасла n
Passive past participle спасен m / спасена f / спасено n спасени m / спасене f / спасена n
1   Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic.
2   For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively.
3   Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped.

4   Often replaced by the conditional I in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped.
  *Note: The aorist and imperfect were not present in, or have nowadays fallen into disuse in, many dialects and therefore they are routinely replaced by the past perfect in both formal and colloquial speech.

References

  • “спасти”, in Hrvatski jezični portal (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024
  • “спасти”, in Hrvatski jezični portal (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024
  • “спасти”, in Речник српскохрватскога књижевног језика (in Serbo-Croatian), Друго фототипско издање edition, volume V, Нови Сад, Загреб: Матица српска, Матица хрватска, 1967–1976, published 1990, page 926
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