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in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
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, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Translingual
Han character
Stroke order
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炎 (Kangxi radical 86, 火+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 火火 (FF), four-corner 90809, composition ⿱火火)
Derived characters
- 烾, 㥕, 㷠, 𰟎, 𪹝, 𬫨, 𤎭, 𤎫, 𤎫, 𤐥, 𤑋
- 𠊌, 𡨼, 𤉞, 𤈹, 𢉘, 菼, 扊, 氮, 𭻞, 痰, 䆦, 𦋎, 𪐗, 𠪛, 𤐺, 𤑖, 𤒞, 𤓕
- 倓, 啖, 埮, 婒, 𢃔, 惔, 掞, 淡, 𤟇, 𮥐, 晱, 棪, 𣨬, 毯, 㷋, 𪺯, 琰, 腅, 𤯇, 𤲩, 𤾃, 睒, 𥟢, 裧, 䊏, 緂(𰬧), 䎦, 𦖠, 舕, 𦩗, 䗊
- 𧣹, 談(谈), 賧(赕), 𨁹, 𨌹, 醈, 𨤮, 錟(锬), 燄, 燅, 燚, 颷(𩙪), 餤(𱃿), 𮪋, 𩩧, 𭶟, 𮫣, 𩸥, 𪉧, 𮭽, 𪏋, 𪑓
- 剡, 郯, 𢻑, 敥, 𢽻, 欻, 㲜, 𤊼, 煔, 𭵞, 㷥, 𦧡, 𤌜, 𦫟, 覢(𬊦), 𤏭, 𤐞, 顃(𩖖), 𩗹, 𤐕, 𪂈(𬸖), 𤒳, 𤓧
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 667, character 13
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18910
- Dae Jaweon: page 1076, character 21
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2193, character 6
- Unihan data for U+708E
Chinese
Glyph origin
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Old Chinese
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倓
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*l'oːmʔ, *l'aːm, *l'aːms
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緂
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*l̥ʰaːm, *l̥ʰaːmʔ, *l̥ʰjam
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毯
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*l̥ʰaːmʔ
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菼
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*l̥ʰaːmʔ
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裧
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*l̥ʰaːmʔ, *l̥ʰjam, *l̥ʰjams
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賧
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*l̥ʰaːms
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睒
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*l̥ʰaːms, *hljamʔ
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舕
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*l̥ʰaːms
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談
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*l'aːm
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郯
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*l'aːm
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惔
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*l'aːm, *l'aːmʔ, *l'aːms
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錟
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*l'aːm
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淡
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*l'aːm, *l'aːmʔ, *l'aːms, *lamʔ
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痰
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*l'aːm
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餤
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*l'aːm
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啖
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*l'aːmʔ, *l'aːms
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腅
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*l'aːms
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剡
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*ɦljamʔ, *lamʔ
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覢
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*hljamʔ
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掞
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*hljams
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炎
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*ɦlam
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琰
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*lamʔ
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棪
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*lamʔ
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扊
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*lamʔ
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Ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : 火 (“fire”) + 火 (“fire”). Duplication of 火 (“fire”).
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-ljam (“tongue; lick; flame”) (STEDT). Cognate with Chepang लेम्ह्सा (lemh‑, “to lick”), Burmese အလျှံ (a.hlyam, “flame; iridescence”). Within Chinese, cognate with 焰 (OC *loms, “to flame up”), 舔 (OC *l̥ʰiːmʔ, “to lick”). Compare also Khmer លាម (liəm, “to flare up”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
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Character
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炎
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Reading #
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1/1
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Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
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yán
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Middle Chinese
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‹ hjem ›
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Old Chinese
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/*ʷ(r)am/
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English
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burn, blazing
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Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
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Zhengzhang system (2003)
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Character
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炎
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Reading #
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1/1
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No.
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14315
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Phonetic component
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炎
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Rime group
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談
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Rime subdivision
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1
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Corresponding MC rime
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炎
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Old Chinese
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/*ɦlam/
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Definitions
炎
- † flame; blaze; rising flame
- † to burn; to blaze
- blazing; burning hot; scorching
- red; bright red
- (figurative) power and influence
- (medicine) inflammation
- (mythology) Yan Emperor (ancient legendary Chinese ruler)
Compounds
Descendants
References
Japanese
Kanji
炎
(common “Jōyō” kanji)
Readings
- Go-on: えん (en, Jōyō)←えん (en, historical)←えむ (emu, ancient)
- Kan-on: えん (en, Jōyō)←えん (en, historical)←えむ (emu, ancient)
- Kun: ほのお (honō, 炎, Jōyō)←ほのほ (fonofo, 炎, historical); ほむら (homura, 炎); もえる (moeru, 炎える)
Compounds
Etymology 1
⟨po no2 po⟩ → */ponəpo/ → /ɸonoɸo/ → /ɸonowo/ → /honowo/ → /honoː/
From Old Japanese 炎 (pono2po).
Compound of 火 (ho, combining form of hi, “fire”) + の (no, possessive particle) + 穂 (ho, “ear, head”).
Pronunciation
Noun
炎 • (honō) ←ほのほ (fonofo)?
- a flame
- ハリー・ポッターと炎のゴブレット
- Harī Pottā to Honō no Goburetto
- Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire
- 燃え広がる炎
- Moehirogaru Honō
- Catching Fire
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- 燄 保乃保
2001 December 22, “真紅眼の黒竜”, in Premium Pack 5, Konami:
- 真紅の眼を持つ黒竜。怒りの黒き炎はその眼に映る者全てを焼き尽くす。
- Shinku no me o motsu kokuryū. Ikari no kuroki honō wa sono me ni utsuru mono subete o yakitsukusu.
- A black dragon with crimson eyes. Its black flames of fury burn away anything that’s reflected in those eyes.
- (figuratively) an intense emotion, passion
Derived terms
Etymology 2
Compound of 火 (ho, “fire”, combining form) + 群 (mura, “gathering, group”).
Pronunciation
Noun
炎 • (homura)
- a flame
- (figuratively) an intense emotion, passion
Derived terms
Etymology 3
/emʉ/ → /eɴ/
From Middle Chinese 炎 (MC hjem).
Pronunciation
Suffix
炎 • (-en)
- (medicine) -itis, inflammation of...
Derived terms
Affix
炎 • (en)
- flame, blaze
- burning
- firehot, red-hot
Derived terms
Etymology 4
炎 is a daiyōji replacing 焔.
Pronunciation
Affix
炎 • (en)
- flame, blaze
- (figurative) passion, emotion
Derived terms
References
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Tsukishima, Hiroshi (1079) Kojisho Ongi Shūsei 12: Konkōmyō Saishōōkyō Ongi (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Kyūko Shoin, published 1979, →ISBN.
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 炎 (MC hjem). Recorded as Middle Korean 염 (yem) (Yale: yem) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja
Wikisource
炎 (eumhun 불꽃 염 (bulkkot yeom))
- Hanja form? of 염 (“flame”).
- Hanja form? of 염 (“(medicine) inflammation”).
Compounds
Compounds
- 간염 (肝炎, ganyeom)
- 폐렴 (肺炎, pyeryeom)
- 비염 (鼻炎, biyeom)
- 염증 (炎症, yeomjeung)
- 폭염 (暴炎, pogyeom)
- 위염 (胃炎, wiyeom)
- 뇌염 (腦炎, noeyeom)
- 냉염 (冷炎, naeng'yeom)
- 장염 (腸炎, jang'yeom)
- 피부염 (皮膚炎, pibuyeom)
- 건초염 (腱鞘炎, geonchoyeom)
- 맹장염 (盲腸炎, maengjang'yeom)
- 관절염 (關節炎, gwanjeoryeom)
- 중이염 (中耳炎, jung'iyeom)
- 인후염 (咽喉炎, inhuyeom)
- 후두염 (喉頭炎, huduyeom)
- 인두염 (咽頭炎, induyeom)
- 외이염 (外耳炎, oeiyeom)
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典.
Old Japanese
Etymology
Compound of 火 (po, combining form of pi2, “fire”) + の (no2, possessive particle) + 穗 (po, “ear, head”).
Noun
炎 (pono2po) (kana ほのほ)
- a flame
Descendants
References
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Vietnamese
Han character
炎: Hán Nôm readings: viêm
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