esser

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See also: Esser, ésser, èsser, and èssér

Catalan

Pronunciation

Verb

esser (first-person singular present esso, first-person singular preterite essí, past participle essut); root stress: (Central, Valencian, Balearic) /e/

  1. (regional) Alternative form of ésser

Interlingua

Etymology

From Latin sum (French être, Italian essere, Portuguese ser, and Spanish ser).

Pronunciation

Verb

esser

  1. to be
    • 2012, Panorama in Interlingua, September-October, p. 24:
      Le anno passate 46 milliones statouniteses esseva povre.
      Last year 46 million U.S. Americans were poor.

Conjugation

    Conjugation of esser
infinitive esser
participle present perfect
essente essite
active simple perfect
present esse, es ha essite
past esseva, era habeva essite
future essera, sera habera essite
conditional esserea, serea haberea essite
imperative esse, sia
  • This conjugation also has present plural son, which normally does not exists in other verbs. First-person singular so and first-person plural somos also exists but rarely used.

Noun

esser (plural esseres)

  1. being

Italian

Verb

esser (apocopated)

  1. Apocopic form of essere

Anagrams

Norwegian Bokmål

Noun

esser n

  1. (non-standard since 1984) indefinite plural of ess

Old French

Verb

esser

  1. (Anglo-Norman) Alternative form of eiser

References

eiser in Anglo-Norman Dictionary, Aberystwyth University, 2022

Old Occitan

Etymology

From Latin sum.

Verb

esser

  1. to be
    • La Nobla Leyçon, line 352
      Que crestian devon esser
      That we must be Christian

Conjugation

    Conjugation of esser
infinitive esser
present participle essen
past participle estat
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative ieu tu el/ela nos vos il/elas
present soi est es em
esmes 		etz
es 		son
sunt
imperfect era eras era eram eratz eran
eron
future serai seras sera serem seretz seran
preterite fui fust fon fom fotz foron
first conditional seria serias seria seriam seriatz serian
second conditional fora foras fora foram foratz foran
subjunctive ieu tu el/ela nos vos il/elas
present sia sias sia siam siatz sian
sion
past fos fosses fos fossem fossetz fosson
imperative — tu — nos vos —
— sia — siam siatz —

Descendants

  • Occitan: èsser

Romansch

Alternative forms

Etymology

Inherited from Early Medieval Latin essere, from Latin esse.

Verb

esser

  1. (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) to be

Conjugation

    Conjugation of esser (Sursilvan)
infinitive esser
gerund essend
past participle stau
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative jeu ti el/ella nus vus els/ellas
present sun eis ei essan essas ein
imperfect erel, fuvel eras, fuvas era, fuva eran, fuvan eras, fuvas eran, fuvan
future vegnel a esser vegns a esser vegn a esser vegnin a esser vegnis a esser vegnan a esser
conditional jeu ti el/ella nus vus els/ellas
direct present fuss fusses fuss fussen fusses fussen
indirect present fussi fussies fussi fussien fussies fussien
direct future vegness a esser vegnesses a esser vegness a esser vegnessen a esser vegnesses a esser vegnessen a esser
indirect future vegnessi a esser vegnessies a esser vegnessi a esser vegnessien a esser vegnessies a esser vegnessien a esser
subjunctive che jeu che ti ch'el/ch'ella che nus che vus ch'els/ch'ellas
present seigi seigies seigi seigien seigies seigien
past eri, fuvi eries, fuvies eri, fuvi erien, fuvien eries, fuvies erien, fuvien
future vegni a esser vegnies a esser vegni a esser vegnîen a esser vegnîes a esser vegnien a esser
imperative — ti — — vus —
seigies seigies
    Conjugation of esser (Grischun)
infinitive esser
gerund essend, siond
past participle stà
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative jeu ti el/ella nus vus els/ellas
present sun es è essan essas èn
imperfect era eras era eran eras eran
future vegnel a esser vegns a esser vegn a esser vegnin a esser vegnis a esser vegnan a esser
conditional jeu ti el/ella nus vus els/ellas
present fiss fisses fiss fissen fisses fissen
future vegness a esser vegnesses a esser vegness a esser vegnessen a esser vegnesses a esser vegnessen a esser
subjunctive che jeu che ti ch'el/ch'ella che nus che vus ch'els/ch'ellas
present saja sajas saja sajan sajas sajan
future vegni a esser vegnies a esser vegni a esser vegnîen a esser vegnîes a esser vegnien a esser
imperative — ti — — vus —
sajas sajas
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