oddać

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See also: òddac

Old Polish

Alternative forms

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *otъdati. By surface analysis, od- +‎ dać. First attested in 1391.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /ɔddat͡ɕʲ/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /ɔddat͡ɕʲ/

Verb

oddać pf (imperfective oddawać)

  1. (attested in Greater Poland) to give back; to pay back; to return
    • 1960 , Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty pyzdrskie, volume II, number 112, Pyzdry:
      Yakom ya thobye nye wynowat trzech grziwyen, kthore trzi grzywny tobyem myal oddacz dabyną
    • c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 113v:
      Reddere widergeben a re do oddącz
      oddącz]
    • c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 114v:
      Remunerare wider begaben oder lonen oddącz
    • c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 115r:
      Rependere id est reddere renunciare vergelten oddacz
  2. (attested in Greater Poland) to give away; to donate; to gift
    • 1884 , “Die Magdeburger Urtheile. Ein Deutschen Rechtes in polnischer Sprache aus der Mitte des XV Jahrhunderts”, in Aleksander Brückner, editor, Archiv für slavische Philologie, volume VI, page 363:
      Czlowyek moze szwe dzedzyczstwo y gymyenye dobrze dobythe przed prawem oddacz
    • Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, pages 761–762:
      Iudasch... kosczyolv pyenyądze vroczyl, a ssam ssyebye schybyenyczy oddal
    • c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 114v:
      Relatiua dona oddane dary
  3. to entrust (to place under someone's care)
    • 1930 , “Num”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 3, 10:
      Y dasz darem slvgy kosczelne Aaronowi a synom iego, gimze odani sø (traditi sunt) od synow israelskich
    • 1868 , Akta grodzkie i ziemskie z czasów Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej : z archiwum tak zwanego bernardyńskiego we Lwowie w skutek fundacyi śp. Alexandra hr. Stadnickiego, volume XVI (quotation in Old Polish; overall work in Polish, Latin, and Old Polish), page 307:
      Iacobus... iuramentum debet prestare tali condicione, quia sibi accomodavit et contulit al. oddal equm sanum non claudum
  4. to give away (to give as a wife)
  5. (reflexive with się) to dedicate oneself to someone or something; to tend to someone or something ,
    • 1930 , “Ex”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 36, 2:
      A gdisz wezwal ge Moyszesz a kaszdego møsza uczonego, ktoremu dal bog møødroszcz, ktorzy z swey woley oddaly sze ku dzyalanyu dzyala (obtulerant se ad faciendum opus), dal gym wszitky dary synow israhelskych
      ktorzy z swej wolej oddali sie ku działaniu działa (obtulerant se ad faciendum opus), dał jim wszytki dary synow israhelskich]
  6. (attested in Silesia) to give away; to sell
    • 1956 , Jerzy Woronczak, editor, Teksty polskie w rękopisie nr 43 Biblioteki Kapitulnej we Wrocławiu z połowy XV wieku, Silesia, page 105r:
      Tunc quidam coetaneus suus satis nobilis tres filias suas propter inopiam prostituere, oddacz, voluit
  7. corruption of odjąć

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Polish: oddać
  • Silesian: ôddać

References

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish oddać. By surface analysis, od- +‎ dać.

Pronunciation

 
  • Audio 1; oddać:(file)
  • Audio 2; oddać się:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɔddat͡ɕ
  • Syllabification: od‧dać

Verb

oddać pf (imperfective oddawać)

  1. (ditransitive) to give back, to return (to give to the original owner)
    Synonym: zwrócić
  2. (transitive) to give, to send, to put (to cause a given thing to go to a certain place to have something done to it) ,
    Synonym: dać
  3. (ditransitive) to give, to pass (to give someone something designated to them)
  4. (transitive) to send (to put a person or animal somewhere so that they may perform particular, usually regular, activities there)
    Synonym: dać
  5. (transitive) to submit; to put; to place (to cause someone to be the subject of some activity, i.e. under someone's care) ,
  6. (ditransitive) to give away; to offer (to give to someone)
    Synonyms: ofiarować, podarować
  7. (transitive) to open; to give (upon finishing constructoin, to allow people to use i.e. a building)
  8. (transitive) to pass; to give (to release from the body)
  9. (transitive) to give away (to cease to be the owner or controller of, i.e. power)
  10. (ditransitive) to donate; to give (to send one's bodily fluids, etc., to be tested medically)
  11. (transitive) used as a light verb; to give off
  12. (ditransitive) to pay (to show one's respect or positive emotions towards, i.e. homage or tribute)
  13. (transitive) to reflect, to mirror; to convey, to portray, to capture (to present something accurately)
    Synonym: odzwierciedlić
    Jej słowa doskonale oddały jej stan umysłu.Her words perfectly conveyed her state of mind.
  14. (transitive, sports) to give away (to allow the opponent to win)
  15. (ditransitive) to return, to give back, to reciprocate (to perform the same gesture as someone else)
  16. (ditransitive) to return, to give back, to reciprocate (to perform the proper gesture or action)
  17. (transitive, card games) to give away; to send back (to play a card for which one does not earn points or for which one's opponent earns points)
  18. (transitive) to give; to sell (to transfer ownership for money)
    Synonym: sprzedać
  19. (transitive, obsolete, chemistry) to break off; to separate
  20. (transitive, obsolete) to pick up, to receive
    Synonym: odebrać
  21. (transitive, Middle Polish) to get back, to get even; to avenge (to get revenge)
  22. (transitive, Middle Polish) to give away (to give as a spouse)
  23. (transitive, Middle Polish) to allocate, to earmark, to dedicate (to specify or set aside for a particular purpose)
  24. (transitive, Middle Polish) to pass along; to repeat (to say someone else's words)
  25. (transitive, Middle Polish) to reply, to answer
    Synonym: odpowiedzieć
  26. (transitive, Middle Polish) to give credit, to assign responsibility
  27. (transitive, Middle Polish) to offer, to sacrifice
    Synonym: ofiarować
  28. (transitive, Middle Polish) to fulfil, to deliver, to meet
    Synonym: wywiązać się
  29. (reflexive with się) to give oneself away (to allow external forces to decide one's fate)
  30. (reflexive with się) to dedicate oneself, to devote oneself (to focus all of one's energy on something)
  31. (reflexive with się) to give oneself (to allow oneself to have a sexual relation with)
  32. (reflexive with się, obsolete) to give oneself away (to marry)
  33. (reflexive with się, Middle Polish) to be given away; to be entrusted
  34. (reflexive with się, Middle Polish) to give oneself
  35. (reflexive with się, Middle Polish) to be given back, to be returned
  36. (reflexive with się, Middle Polish) to be reflected, to be mirrored; to be conveyed, to be portrayed, to be captured

Conjugation

Conjugation of oddać pf
person singular plural
masculine feminine neuter virile nonvirile
infinitive oddać
future tense 1st oddam oddamy
2nd oddasz oddacie
3rd odda oddadzą
impersonal odda się
past tense 1st oddałem,
-(e)m oddał
oddałam,
-(e)m oddała
oddałom,
-(e)m oddało
oddaliśmy,
-(e)śmy oddali
oddałyśmy,
-(e)śmy oddały
2nd oddałeś,
-(e)ś oddał
oddałaś,
-(e)ś oddała
oddałoś,
-(e)ś oddało
oddaliście,
-(e)ście oddali
oddałyście,
-(e)ście oddały
3rd oddał oddała oddało oddali oddały
impersonal oddano
conditional 1st oddałbym,
bym oddał
oddałabym,
bym oddała
oddałobym,
bym oddało
oddalibyśmy,
byśmy oddali
oddałybyśmy,
byśmy oddały
2nd oddałbyś,
byś oddał
oddałabyś,
byś oddała
oddałobyś,
byś oddało
oddalibyście,
byście oddali
oddałybyście,
byście oddały
3rd oddałby,
by oddał
oddałaby,
by oddała
oddałoby,
by oddało
oddaliby,
by oddali
oddałyby,
by oddały
impersonal oddano by
imperative 1st niech oddam oddajmy
2nd oddaj oddajcie
3rd niech odda niech oddadzą
passive adjectival participle oddany oddana oddane oddani oddane
anterior adverbial participle oddawszy
verbal noun oddanie

Derived terms

adjectives
nouns

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), oddać is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 2 times in scientific texts, 19 times in news, 6 times in essays, 14 times in fiction, and 32 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 73 times, making it the 883rd most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

References

  1. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “oddać”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 312

Further reading