枝

See also: 支

枝	U+679D, 枝 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-679D

← 果

CJK Unified Ideographs

枞 →

Translingual

Han character

枝 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 木十水 (DJE), four-corner 4494₇, composition ⿰木支)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 516, character 12
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14557
Dae Jaweon: page 904, character 6
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1165, character 7
Unihan data for U+679D

Chinese

simp. and trad.		枝
alternative forms		支

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 枝
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (支) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
支	*kje
枝	*kje
肢	*kje
汥	kje, ɡe, *ɡres
衼	*kje
馶	kje, qʰjes, kes, ɡe
鳷	*kje
忮	*kjes
伎	kjes, ɡe, *ɡreʔ
豉	*ɡjes
翅	*qʰjes
翄	qʰjes, ɡe
妓	kre, ɡreʔ
庋	kreʔ, kʷreʔ
跂	kʰeʔ, kʰes, *ɡe
蚑	kʰes, ɡe
吱	*kʰes
岐	*ɡe
歧	*ɡe
鬾	ɡre, ɡres
技	*ɡreʔ
芰	*ɡres
攱	kʷreʔ, kʷres
庪	*kʷreʔ
頍	*kʰʷeʔ
屐	*ɡreɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kje) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 支 (OC *kje, “branch”).

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): zhī (zhi¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄓ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zi¹
Cantonese (Jyutping): zi¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): kî

(Meixian, Guangdong): zi¹ / gi¹
Jin (Wiktionary): zi¹
Eastern Min (BUC): ciĕ
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): ki / chi

(Teochew, Peng'im): gi¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhī
  - Zhuyin: ㄓ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhih
  - Wade–Giles: chih¹
  - Yale: jr̄
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jy
  - Palladius: чжи (čži)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: zi¹
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: z
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zi¹
  - Yale: jī
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzi¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: ji¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siː⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kî
  - Hakka Romanization System: gi´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gi¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ki²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: zi¹ / gi¹
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sz̩⁴⁴/, /ki⁴⁴/

Note:

Meixian:
- zi1 - literary;
- gi1 - vernacular.

Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: zi¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sz̩¹¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ciĕ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sie⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Longyan, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ki
  - Tâi-lô: ki
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ky
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /ki³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ki⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Longyan): /ki³³⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chi
  - Tâi-lô: tsi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cy
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡si³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡si⁴⁴/

Note:

ki - vernacular;
chi - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: gi¹
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ki
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /ki³³/

Middle Chinese: tsye

Rime
Character	枝
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	支 (11)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	章移切
Baxter	tsye
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiᴇ/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕiɛ/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕjɛ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ciə̆/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕie/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕǐe/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕie̯/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhī
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zi¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*ke/

(Zhengzhang): /*kje/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	枝
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhī
Middle Chinese	‹ tsye ›
Old Chinese	/*ke/
English	branch (of tree)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be -t or -p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	枝
Reading #	1/1
No.	17201
Phonetic component	支
Rime group	支
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	支
Old Chinese	/*kje/

Definitions

枝

branch; twig
柳枝低垂在水面上。 [MSC, trad. and simp.]
Liǔ zhī dīchuí zài shuǐmiàn shang.
The branches of the willows drooped over the water.

他把不結果的枝都修剪掉。 [MSC, trad.]
他把不结果的枝都修剪掉。 [MSC, simp.]
Tā bǎ bù jiēguǒ de zhī dōu xiūjiǎn diào.
He pruned every branch that did not bear fruit.
Classifier for long cylindrical objects (stick, pen, rod, flower with stem, etc).
一枝鉛筆／一枝铅笔 ― yī zhī qiānbǐ ― a pencil

一枝槍／一枝枪 ― yī zhī qiāng ― a gun
a surname

Synonyms

(branch):

丫杈 (yāchà)
丫枝 (yāzhī)
枝子 (zhīzi)
枝杈 (zhīchā)
枝枝 (Sichuanese)
枝稈／枝秆
樹丫／树丫 (shùyā)
樹圪杈／树圪杈
樹杈／树杈 (shùchà)
樹杈子／树杈子 (shùchàzi)
樹枝／树枝 (shùzhī)
樹枝子／树枝子
樹梗子／树梗子
樹絡／树络

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qí (qi²)

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): kei⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qí
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cí
  - Wade–Giles: chʻi²
  - Yale: chí
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyi
  - Palladius: ци (ci)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: kei⁴
  - Yale: kèih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: kei⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: kéi⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰei̯²¹/

Definitions

枝

Alternative form of 跂 (“extra toe”)
Alternative form of 歧 (qí, “divergent”)

Japanese

Kanji

枝

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

branch, limbs

Readings

Go-on: し (shi, Jōyō); ぎ (gi)
Kan-on: し (shi, Jōyō); き (ki)
Kun: えだ (eda, 枝, Jōyō)^{←えだ (eda, えだ, historical)}^{←𛀁だ (yeda, 𛀁だ, ancient)}
Nanori: え (e); えだ (eda); き (ki); しげ (shige); しな (shina)

References

Shift_JIS: 8E7D
JIS: 3B5E

Etymology

Kanji in this term
枝
えだ Grade: 5
kun’yomi

Inherited from earlier yeda, from Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *yonta. Cognate with Kunigami 枝 (yudā), Miyako 枝 (yuda), Okinawan 枝 (yida), 枝 (yuda), Yaeyama 枝 (yuda), Yonaguni 枝 (duda). The vowel change is irregular.

Noun

枝(えだ) • (eda) ^{←えだ (eda)^?}

branch, limbs
(graph theory) edge

Coordinate terms

葉(は) (ha, “leaf”)

Korean

Hanja

枝 • (ji) (hangeul 지, revised ji, McCune–Reischauer chi, Yale ci)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Kunigami

Kanji

枝

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Kun: ゆだー (yudā, 枝)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Ryukyuan *yoda, from Proto-Japonic *yonta.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /judaː/

Noun

枝(ゆだー) (yudā)

branch (of a tree or plant); bough

References

“ゆだー【枝】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

Miyako

Kanji

枝

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Kun: ゆだ (yuda, 枝)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Ryukyuan *yoda, from Proto-Japonic *yonta.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /juda/

Noun

枝(ゆだ) (yuda)

branch (of a tree or plant); bough

References

“ゆだ【枝】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

Okinawan

Kanji

枝

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Kun: いぃだ (yida, 枝); ゆだ (yuda, 枝)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Ryukyuan *yoda, from Proto-Japonic *yonta.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /jida/, /juda/

Noun

枝(いぃだ) or 枝(ゆだ) (yida or yuda)

branch (of a tree or plant); bough

References

“いだ・いぃだ・ゐだ・ゆぃだ【枝】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.
“ゆだ【枝】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

Vietnamese

Han character

枝: Hán Nôm readings: chi, che

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Yaeyama

Kanji

枝

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Kun: ゆだ (yuda, 枝)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Ryukyuan *yoda, from Proto-Japonic *yonta.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /juda/

Noun

枝(ゆだ) (yuda)

branch (of a tree or plant); bough

References

“ゆだ【枝】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

Yonaguni

Kanji

枝

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Kun: どぅだ (duda, 枝)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Ryukyuan *yoda, from Proto-Japonic *yonta.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /duda/

Noun

枝(どぅだ) (duda)

branch (of a tree or plant); bough

References

“どぅだ【枝】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

Wikious

Boobota

Sagapedia