ě

• IPA^(key):

ě (lower case, upper case Ě)

1. the tenth letter of the Czech alphabet, after é and before f

ě

1. he, she

• A rising tone on subject pronouns indicates a perfective aspect, while a descending tone is used for imperfective and iterative actions.

• Erika Eichholzer (editor) et al, Dictionnaire ghomala’ (2002)

• ė (obsolete)

• IPA^(key): /ɪ/
• IPA^(key): (before /j/ and colloquially when unstressed) /ɛ/

ě (upper case Ě)

1. The eighth letter of the Lower Sorbian alphabet, called ět and written in the Latin script.

• (Latin-script letters) pismik; A a, B b, C c, Č č, Ć ć, D d, E e, Ě ě, F f, G g, H h, Ch ch, I i, J j, K k, Ł ł, L l, M m, N n, Ń ń, O o (Ó ó), P p, R r, Ŕ ŕ, S s, Š š, Ś ś, T t, U u, W w, Y y, Z z, Ž ž, Ź ź
• (obsolete letters) B́ b́, Ė ė, Ḿ ḿ, Ṅ ṅ, Ṕ ṕ, Ṙ ṙ, ſ, ß, Ꞩ ẜ, Ẃ ẃ, Ẇ ẇ, Ż ż

• e — nonstandard

ě (e³, Zhuyin ㄜˇ)

1. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 噁／𫫇
2. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 獿
3. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 阾
4. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 駾／𱅙
5. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 恶
6. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 我

• IPA^(key): /ʲe/

ě (lower case, upper case Ě)

1. (International Standard) The letter with e with the háček.

• Only used in the middle or end of words.

• (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, X x, I i, J j, K k, Kh kh, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Ph ph, R r, S s, T t, Th th, U u, V v, Z z International Standard: (À à, Ä ä, Ǎ ǎ), Ć ć, Ćh ćh, (È è, Ë ë, Ě ě), (Ì ì, Ï ï, Ǐ ǐ), (Ò ò, Ö ö, Ǒ ǒ), Rr rr, Ś ś, (Ù ù, Ü ü, Ǔ ǔ), Ź ź, Ʒ ʒ, Q q, Ç ç, ϴ θ. Pan-Vlax: Č č, Čh čh, Dž dž, (Dź dź), Ř ř, Š š, (Ś ś), Ž ž, (Ź ź).

• Yūsuke Sumi (2018) “ě”, in ニューエクスプレス　ロマ（ジプシー）語 [New Express Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, →ISBN, page 16