寒露
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Chinese
| cold; poor; to tremble | to show; to reveal; to expose to show; to reveal; to expose; dew | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (寒露) | 寒 | 露 | |
| simp. #(寒露) | 寒 | 露 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): hon4 lou6
- Gan (Wiktionary): 'hon2 lu5
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): han1 lou3
- Northern Min (KCR): Uǐng-lū
- Eastern Min (BUC): Hàng-ló
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gua2 lou4 / guann2 lou4 / hang2 lou4
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6ghoe-lu
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): han2 lou5
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: Hánlù
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄢˊ ㄌㄨˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: Hánlù
- Wade–Giles: Han2-lu4
- Yale: Hán-lù
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Harnluh
- Palladius: Ханьлу (Xanʹlu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /xän³⁵ lu⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: han2 nu4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xanlu
- Sinological IPA (key): /xan²¹ nu²¹³/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: hon4 lou6
- Yale: hòhn louh
- Cantonese Pinyin: hon4 lou6
- Guangdong Romanization: hon4 lou6
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɔːn²¹ lou̯²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: 'hon2 lu5
- Sinological IPA (key): /ˈhɵn²⁴ lu¹¹/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Hòn-lu
- Hakka Romanization System: honˇ lu
- Hagfa Pinyim: hon2 lu4
- Sinological IPA: /hon¹¹ lu⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: hon luˇ
- Sinological IPA: /hon⁵⁵ lu¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: han1 lou3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /xæ̃¹¹ ləu⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: Uǐng-lū
- Sinological IPA (key): /uiŋ²¹ lu⁵⁵/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: Hàng-ló
- Sinological IPA (key): /haŋ⁵³⁻²¹ (l-)nˡou²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: gua2 lou4
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: Guáⁿ-lo̍
- Sinological IPA (key): /kua¹³⁻⁵⁵ lɔu⁴²/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: guann2 lou4
- Sinological IPA (key): /kũã²⁴⁻⁵⁵ (l-)nɔu⁴²/
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: hang2 lou4
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: Háng-lo̍
- Sinological IPA (key): /haŋ¹³⁻⁵⁵ lɔu⁴²/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: hang2 lou4
- Sinological IPA (key): /haŋ²⁴⁻⁵⁵ lɔu⁴²/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: han2 lou5
- Sinological IPA (key): /xan¹³ ləu̯²¹⁻¹¹/
- (Changsha)
Proper noun
寒露
- Hanlu (one of twenty-four solar terms)
- 夷狄之人貪而好利，被髮左衽，人面獸心。其與中國殊章服，異習俗，飲食不同，言語不通，辟居北垂寒露之野，逐草隨畜，射獵為生，隔以山谷，雍以沙幕，天地所以絕外內也。
- From: The Book of Han, circa 1st century CE
- Yídí zhī rén tān ér hǎolì, bèifà zuǒrèn, rénmiànshòuxīn. Qí yǔ Zhōngguó shū zhāngfú, yì xísú, yǐnshí bùtóng, yányǔ bùtōng, pì jū běichuí hánlù zhī yě, zhú cǎo suí xù, shèliè wèishēng, gé yǐ shāngǔ, yōng yǐ shāmù, tiāndì suǒyǐ jué wàinèi yě.
- The Yi and the Di people are greedy and desirous of gain; they wear their hair down their backs and fasten their garments on the left; they have human faces but the hearts of wild beasts. Their ceremonial garments differ from those worn in the Central States ; their customs and diet differ from ours; and our languages are mutually unintelligible. They dwell far away, in the cold, on the bare lands of the north, driving their herds in pursuit of pasture, and hunting with the bow and arrow in order to sustain themselves. They are separated from us by mountains and valleys and cut off by the desert. By these means did Heaven and Earth divide inner from outer.
夷狄之人贪而好利，被发左衽，人面兽心。其与中国殊章服，异习俗，饮食不同，言语不通，辟居北垂寒露之野，逐草随畜，射猎为生，隔以山谷，雍以沙幕，天地所以绝外内也。
Descendants
See also
- 二十四節氣／二十四节气 (Èrshísì Jiéqì, “The twenty-four solar terms”):
- Spring: 立春 (Lìchūn)、雨水 (yǔshuǐ)、驚蟄／惊蛰 (Jīngzhé)、春分 (Chūnfēn)、清明 (qīngmíng)、穀雨／谷雨 (Gǔyǔ)
- Summer: 立夏 (Lìxià)、小滿／小满 (Xiǎomǎn)、芒種／芒种 (mángzhòng)、夏至 (xiàzhì)、小暑 (Xiǎoshǔ)、大暑 (Dàshǔ)
- Autumn: 立秋 (Lìqiū)、處暑／处暑 (Chǔshǔ)、白露 (báilù)、秋分 (Qiūfēn)、寒露 (Hánlù)、霜降 (Shuāngjiàng)
- Winter: 立冬 (Lìdōng)、小雪 (xiǎoxuě)、大雪 (dàxuě)、冬至 (dōngzhì)、小寒 (Xiǎohán)、大寒 (Dàhán)
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 寒 | 露 |
| かん Grade: 3 |
ろ Grade: S |
| on'yomi | |
Pronunciation
Proper noun
- Hanlu (one of twenty-four solar terms)
See also
- 二十四節気 (Nijūshi Sekki, “The twenty-four solar terms”):
- Spring: 立春 (Risshun), 雨水 (Usui), 啓蟄 (Keichitsu), 春分 (Shunbun), 清明 (Seimei), 穀雨 (Kokuu)
- Summer: 立夏 (Rikka), 小満 (Shōman), 芒種 (Bōshu), 夏至 (Geshi), 小暑 (Shōsho), 大暑 (Taisho)
- Autumn: 立秋 (Risshū), 処暑 (Shosho), 白露 (Hakuro), 秋分 (Shūbun), 寒露 (Kanro), 霜降 (Sōkō)
- Winter: 立冬 (Rittō), 小雪 (Shōsetsu), 大雪 (Taisetsu), 冬至 (Tōji), 小寒 (Shōkan), 大寒 (Daikan)
References
- ^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ “寒露
”, in 日本国語大辞典 (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here
