芽

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芽 U+82BD, 芽
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-82BD
← 芼
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 芾 →

芽 U+2F995, 芽
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F995
← 芳
 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 苦 →

Translingual

Han character

芽 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+4 in Chinese, 艸+5 in Japanese, 7 strokes in traditional Chinese, 8 strokes in mainland China and Japanese and Korean, cangjie input 廿一女竹 (TMVH), four-corner 44241, composition ⿱艹牙)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1021, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30860
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1480, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3179, character 13
  • Unihan data for U+82BD

Chinese

trad. 芽
simp. # 芽

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (牙) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
邪 *ljaː, *laː
衺 *ljaː
牙 *ŋraː
芽 *ŋraː
齖 *ŋraː, *ŋraːs
呀 *ŋraː, *hŋraː
枒 *ŋraː, *ŋraːs
雅 *ŋraːʔ
厊 *ŋraːʔ
庌 *ŋraːʔ
訝 *ŋraːs
迓 *ŋraːs
砑 *ŋraːs
犽 *ŋraːs
疨 *hŋraː
岈 *hŋraː
谺 *hŋraː
颬 *hŋraː
鴉 *qraː
釾 *laː

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋraː) : semantic 艹 (“grass”) + phonetic 牙 (OC *ŋraː).

Etymology

Cognate with 牙 (OC *ŋraː, “tooth”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • gê/gêe - vernacular;
  • gâ - literary.
Note:
  • 6nga - colloquial;
  • 6ya - literary.
Note:
  • nga2 - vernacular;
  • ia2 - literary.
Rime
Character 芽
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 疑 (31)
Final (韻) 麻 (98)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 五加切
Baxter ngae
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ŋˠa/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ŋᵚa/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ŋa/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ŋaɨ/
Li
Rong 		/ŋa/
Wang
Li 		/ŋa/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ŋa/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yá
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		ngaa4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 芽
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		yá
Middle
Chinese 		‹ ngæ ›
Old
Chinese 		/*m-ɢˁ<r>a/
English shoot, sprout

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 芽
Reading # 1/1
No. 14178
Phonetic
component 		牙
Rime
group 		魚
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		牙
Old
Chinese 		/*ŋraː/

Definitions

芽

  1. bud; shoot; sprout
  2. bud-shaped thing

Compounds

References

Japanese

Shinjitai 芽
Kyūjitai
[1]
芽
&#x2f995;
or
芽+&#xFE00;?
芽󠄀
芽+&#xE0100;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
芽󠄄
芽+&#xE0104;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

芽

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. bud, sprout, shoot

Readings

Compounds

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
芽
め
Grade: 4
kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 芽 – see the following entry.
【め】
芽: bud, sprout, shoot
芽: the germ of an idea, an inkling
芽: (biology) a bird embryo: more specifically, as found on the yolk of an egg, the blastodisk, the germinal disk, the embryonic disk
(This term, 芽, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
芽
が
Grade: 4
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 芽 (MC ngae).

Pronunciation

Affix

芽(が) • (ga) 

  1. bud; sprout; shoot

References

  1. ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 1805 (paper), page 954 (digital)

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

芽 • (a) (hangeul 아, revised a, McCune–Reischauer a, Yale a)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Tày

Noun

芽 (transliteration needed)

  1. Nôm form of nhả (“grass”).

References

  • Lục Văn Pảo, Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003) Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày]‎ (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội

Vietnamese

Han character

芽: Hán Nôm readings: nha

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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