量

Translingual

Han character

Stroke order

Stroke order (Taiwan)

量 (Kangxi radical 166, 里+5, 12 strokes, cangjie input 日一田土 (AMWG), four-corner 6010₄, composition ⿱旦里)

Derived characters

• 糧 𡑆 𪬨 𣛀 𪷑 𤎲 𫓉 𩞯(䭪) 𣊼 𪋥
• 𫾄 𬎎 𭿝 𬓾 𮡛 𭨎 𬉨

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1292, character 5
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40138
• Dae Jaweon: page 1794, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3683, character 2
• Unihan data for U+91CF

• Unihan data for U+F97E

Chinese

Wikipedia has an article on:

• 量

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 量
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Inconclusive. In the oracle bone and bronze scripts, the most common form was 日 (“sun”) + 東 (“bag; east”). Here are a few proposed interpretations as an ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) :

• 日 was sometimes replaced with 田, so Qiu Xigui thinks that it may be the original character of 糧 (OC *raŋ, “grain field”).
• Yu Xingwu interprets it as measuring something under the sun.
• Guo Moruo interprets it as the sun rising in the east – original character of 亮 (OC *raŋs).

Shuowen interprets this as a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raŋ, *raŋs) : phonetic 曏 (OC *qʰjaŋʔ, *qʰjaŋs, *qʰaŋʔ, *qʰaŋs) + 重 (“weight; heavy”).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(g/k)raŋ (“to count, to measure”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007). Cognate to Tibetan བགྲང (bgrang, “to count”), Khaling ʾkhran-ne, Burmese ခြင် (hkrang, “to measure capacity”), Nusu xɹɯ³¹ (“to count”).

Pronunciation 2 is possibly a *-s suffixed exopassive derivation of Pronunciation 1; thus it means "what is measured → a measure" and is cognate to Tibetan གྲངས (grangs, “number”) (see also Unger (1983))

Pronunciation 1

Definitions

量

1. to measure
2. to estimate; to evaluate

Synonyms

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Definitions

量

1. (historical) measuring vessel, such as the dou or hu
2. measure; measurement; quantity
3. capacity; volume
4. (Buddhist logic) pramana
5. (Southern Min) large steelyard
6. to estimate; to approximate

Compounds

References

• “量”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

From Middle Chinese 量 (MC ljang); compare Mandarin 量 (liáng):

• Go-on: ろう (rō)^{←らう (rau, historical)}
• Kan-on: りょう (ryō, Jōyō)^{←りやう (ryau, historical)}

From Middle Chinese 量 (MC ljangH); compare Mandarin 量 (liàng):

• Go-on: ろう (rō)^{←らう (rau, historical)}
• Kan-on: りょう (ryō, Jōyō)^{←りやう (ryau, historical)}

From native Japanese roots:

• Kun: はかる (hakaru, 量る, Jōyō); かさ (kasa, 量); はかり (hakari, 量り); ます (masu, 量)
• Nanori: かず (kazu); さと (sato); とも (tomo); はかり (hakari); はかる (hakaru)

Compounds

Etymology 1

 量 on Japanese Wikipedia

From Middle Chinese 量 (MC ljangH, “measure”).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) りょ​ー (Atamadaka – )
• IPA^(key):

Noun

量(りょう) • (ryō) ^{←りやう (ryau)?}

1. volume, amount

   交通(こうつう)量(りょう)

   kōtsū-ryō

   amount of traffic

   なかなかの量(りょう)

   nakanaka no ryō

   a considerable amount

2. (Buddhist logic) pramana

   比(ひ)量(りょう)

   hi-ryō

   pramana of Reasoning

Etymology 2

Cognate with 計り (hakari).

Alternative forms

• 捗, 果, 計

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) はか​ (Odaka – )
• IPA^(key):

Noun

量(はか) • (haka) 

1. progress

References

Korean

Hanja

量 (eumhun 헤아릴 량 (hearil ryang), South Korea 헤아릴 양 (hearil yang))

1. Hanja form^? of 량/양 (“volume; amount”).

Compounds

• 강수량 (降水量, gangsuryang, “precipitation”)
• 질량 (質量, jillyang, “mass”)

Vietnamese

Han character

量: Hán Nôm readings: lường, lượng, nhân

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.