| Proto-Slavic
|
Inherited
|
Borrowed from an East Slavic language
|
| *bolgъ
|
błogi (“blissful”)
|
błahy (“insignificant”)
|
| *buky
|
bukiew (“beechmast, beechnut”)
|
bukwa (“letter of the Cyrillic alphabet”)
|
| *bъdьňa
|
bednia (“wooden bucket”)
|
bodnia (“large wooden kneading trough”, regional)
|
| *bъrzъ
|
barzy (“rapid, swift, impetuous”, Middle Polish)
|
borzoj (“borzoi”, a dog breed)
|
| *cěsařь
|
cesarz (“emperor”)
|
car (“tsar”)
|
| *čajьka
|
czajka (“lapwing”)
|
szajka (“ring, brigade”)
|
| *čerda
|
trzoda (“herd”)
|
czereda (“band, pack”)
|
| *čermъxa
|
trzemcha, trzemucha (“bear garlic”, obsolete)
|
czeremcha (“bird cherry”)
|
| *čerpъ
|
trzop (“clay pot”, dialectal)
|
czerep (“skull”, slang)
|
| *čeršьňa
|
trześnia, trześń (dialectal or obsolete)
|
czereśnia (“sweet cherry”)
|
| *čьrtъ
|
czart (“devil, fiend”)
|
czort (“deuce”)
|
| *dǫbъ
|
dąb (“oak”)
|
duby (“poppycock”, obsolete)
|
| *ežina
|
jeżyna (“blackberry”)
|
ożyna (“blackberry”, regional)
|
| *gatь
|
gać (“padding material, fascine or wooden causeway”, obsolete)
|
hać (“fascine or wooden causeway”, dialectal)
|
| *godovati
|
godować (“to feast”, obsolete)
|
hodować (“to breed, to rear”)
|
| *golota
|
gołota (“the poor”, obsolete)
|
hołota (“riffraff”)
|
| *gospodařь
|
gospodarz (“host”)
|
hospodar (“hospodar, a title of the governors of Moldavia and Wallachia”)
|
| *grivьna
|
grzywna (“fine, penalty”)
|
hrywna (“hryvnia, currency of Ukraine”)
|
| *grǫbъ
|
gręby (“harsh, rugged”, obsolete)
|
gruby (“fat, thick”)
|
| *klětъka
|
klatka (“cage”)
|
klitka (“cubbyhole, cubicle”)
|
| *kъnędzь
|
ksiądz (“Christian priest”)
|
kniaź (“Russian or Lithuanian prince”)
|
| *kъnęgyni
|
ksieni (“abbess”, obsolete)
|
kniahini (“wife of a Russian or Lithuanian prince”)
|
| *kъňiga
|
księga (“book, tome, volume”)
|
kniga (“book”, humorous)
|
| *kъrtiti
|
karcić (“to scold”)
|
korcić (“to entice, to tempt”)
|
| *mǫžikъ
|
mężyk (“mandrake”, obsolete)
|
mużyk (“mujik”)
|
| *mъrky
|
marchew (“carrot”)
|
morkwa (“carrot”, regional)
|
| *nuďa
|
nędza (“misery”)
|
nuża (“weariness”, obsolete)
|
| *nuditi
|
nędzić (“to torment”, obsolete)
|
nudzić (“to bore”)
|
| *odeďa
|
odziedza (“coating”, Middle Polish)
|
odzież (“clothing”)
|
| *polnina
|
płonina (“barren”)
|
połonina (“mountain pasture, mountain meadow, mountain clearing”, regional)
|
| *porgъ
|
próg (“threshold”)
|
poroh (“knickpoint”, regional)
|
| *prǫžiti
|
prężyć (“to flex, tighten”)
|
prużyć (“to broil, brown by baking”)
|
| *rězati
|
rzezać (“to cut, to carve, to slay, to circumcise”, archaic)
|
rezać (“to cut”, dialectal)
|
| *rǫbežь
|
rąbież (“border”, dialectal)
|
rubież (“boundary, frontier”)
|
| *rydlo
|
rydel (“spade, spud”)
|
ryło (“mug”)
|
| *ryďь
|
rydz (“saffron milk-cap”), rydzy (“carrot-orange”, dialectal or obsolete)
|
ryży (“red-haired”)
|
| *stъlbъ
|
słup (“pole, column, pillar”)
|
stołp (“castle keep, dojon”)
|
| *svoboda
|
swoboda (“freedom, liberty”), śleboda (dialectal)
|
słoboda (“sloboda”, a kind of settlement in the history of Russia, Belarus and Ukraine)
|
| *sъborъ
|
zbór (“Protestant house of worship”)
|
sobór (“church council, cathedral”)
|
| *šьpъtъ
|
szept (“whisper”)
|
szypot (“knickpoint, riffle”)
|
| *vitędzь
|
wiciądz (“hero, warrior”, obsolete)
|
witeź (“hero, valiant knight”)
|
| *volšьskъ
|
włoski (“Italian”)
|
wołoski (“Vlach”)
|
| *volxъ
|
Włoch (“Italian”)
|
Wołoch (“Vlach”)
|
| *vьrsta
|
warsta (obsolete), warstwa (“layer, stratum”)
|
wersta (obsolete), wiorsta (“verst, unit of length”)
|
| *vьśь
|
wszech- (“all-, omni-”)
|
wsio (“everything”, colloquial)
|
| *xoxolъ
|
chochoł (“straw covering”)
|
chachoł (“khokhol, a derogatory term for a Ukrainian”)
|
| Proto-Slavic
|
Inherited
|
Borrowed from an East Slavic language
|