並

並 U+4E26, 並 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E26 ← 严 CJK Unified Ideographs 丧 →

並 U+FA70, 並 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA70 ← 舘 CJK Compatibility Ideographs 况 →

Stroke order

• A graphical variant exists for this character, with the dots on either side of the bottom component 亚 written as right angles (𠃊 and 𠃎) instead of the usual dots (丶 and ㇒).
  • In the historical Kangxi dictionary, derived characters of 並 such as 掽 and 湴 are written using this form but not the character 並 itself.
    • Additionally, the Kangxi Dictionary frequently used 𠀤, a variant of 並, but ironically not present.
  • This variant is also the 舊字形／旧字形 (jiùzìxíng) form of 並 used in printed publications before 1965 in mainland China.
  • A CJK compatibility ideograph exists at U+FA70 for this variant that is used in North Korean computing. An Ideographic Variation Sequence also exists as U+4E26 U+E0101, producing 並󠄁.

並 (Kangxi radical 1, 一+7, 8 strokes, cangjie input 廿廿金 (TTC), four-corner 8010₂, composition ⿱䒑业 or ⿱丷亚(U+4E26) or ⿳䒑⿲𠃊⿰丨丨𠃎一(U+FA70))

• 普, 掽, 湴, 椪, 碰, 䗒, 諩, 踫, 䰃, 潂

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 78, character 14
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 54
• Dae Jaweon: page 157, character 25
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 246, character 2
• Unihan data for U+4E26

• Unihan data for U+FA70

Historical forms of the character 並
Shang		Western Zhou	Warring States		Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts
Bronze inscriptions b15309 b15310 b15311 b15312 Small seal script s07575 Transcribed ancient scripts L35159 L35160 L35161 L35162 L35163 L35164 File:ACC-L35165.svg L35165 File:ACC-L35166.svg L35166 File:ACC-L35167.svg L35167 File:ACC-L17728.svg L17728 File:ACC-L17729.svg L17729 File:ACC-L17730.svg L17730 File:ACC-L17731.svg L17731 File:ACC-L17732.svg L17732 File:ACC-L17733.svg L17733 File:ACC-L17734.svg L17734 File:ACC-L17735.svg L17735 File:ACC-L17736.svg L17736 File:ACC-L17737.svg L17737 File:ACC-L17738.svg L17738
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

From the clerical script (隸書) of 竝 (OC *beːŋʔ), originally depicting two people standing side-by-side.

並

1. to be side by side; to be in a row

   並存／并存  ―  bìngcún  ―  to coexist

2. simultaneously; at the same time
3. Used before a negative for emphasis; actually; in fact

   並非／并非  ―  bìngfēi  ―  in fact is not

   我並沒有跟他說。
   我并没有跟他说。

   Wǒ bìng méiyǒu gēn tā shuō.

   I have not told them anything.

4. and; moreover; furthermore

   並且／并且  ―  bìngqiě  ―  moreover

5. (Southern Min) than

   並你較好／并你较好   ―  phēng lí khah hó   ―  better than you

6. (Zhangzhou Hokkien) to compete; to match one's strength with
7. (Taiwanese Hokkien) the most

   這個囡仔並愛哭的。
   这个囡仔并爱哭的。

   Chit-ê gín-á phēng ài khàu--ê.

   This kid likes to cry the most.

8. (～母) (Chinese linguistics) the Middle Chinese initial of 並 (MC bengX)

並

1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 傍 (“to be near; approaching”)

• “並”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
• “並”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
• 李如龙 , 刘福铸 , 吴华英 , 黄国城 (2019) “并（～且）”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 274.

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 竝)

• Go-on: びょう (byō)^{←びやう (byau, historical)}
• Kan-on: へい (hei, Jōyō)
• Kun: なみ (nami, 並, Jōyō)、ならべる (naraberu, 並べる, Jōyō)、ならぶ (narabu, 並ぶ, Jōyō)、ならびに (narabini, 並びに, Jōyō)

As a variant of 徬/傍:

• Go-on: ぼう (bō)^{←ばう (bau, historical)}
• Kan-on: ほう (hō)^{←はう (fau, historical)}
• Kun: よる (yoru, 並る)、そう (sou, 並う)^{←そふ (sofu, 並ふ, historical)}、つらなる (tsuranaru, 並なる)

As a variant of 伴, and as in 同竝:

• Go-on: ばん (ban)
• Kan-on: はん (han)
• Kun: ともなう (tomonau, 並う)^{←ともなふ (tomonafu, 並ふ, historical)}

• (Tokyo) なみ (Heiban – )
• IPA^(key):

並(なみ) • (nami) 

1. something medium, average, common, ordinary
2. a row or line of things

• 並(へい)列(れつ) (heiretsu)
• 並(へい)置(ち) (heichi)
• 並(な)木(みき) (namiki)
• 人(ひと)並(なみ) (hitonami)
• 軒(のき)並(なみ) (nokinami)

並(なみ) • (-nami) 

1. average, medium
2. same as, on par with, equivalent to
   • 2025 July 20, Chunichi Shimbun, number 29679, page 1:

     政治家もアイドル並みに応援される時代か。

     Seijika mo aidoru nami ni ōen sareru jidai ka.

     Is this the era where politicians get fans' support like pop idols?

• 大
• 特

並 (eumhun 나란히 병 (naranhi byeong))

1. hanja form^? of 병 (“side by side, together, in order”)

並 (eumhun 아우를 병 (aureul byeong))

1. hanja form^? of 병 (“combine, annex”)

並 (eumhun 곁 방 (gyeot bang))

1. hanja form^? of 방 (“side, vicinity”)

並 (eumhun 땅 이름 반 (ttang ireum ban))

1. hanja form^? of 반 (“used in place names”)

• Naver Hanja Dictionary: 並

並: Hán Nôm readings: tịnh

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

• Nom Foundation