硅
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Translingual
Han character
硅 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+6, 11 strokes, cangjie input 一口土土 (MRGG), four-corner 14614, composition ⿰石圭)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 829, character 40
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24151
- Dae Jaweon: page 1245, character 11
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2427, character 7
- Unihan data for U+7845
Further reading
Chinese
| simp. and trad. |
硅 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin 1
| Chemical element | |
|---|---|
| Si | |
| Previous: 鋁／铝 (lǚ) (Al) | |
| Next: 磷 (lín) (P) | |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声) : semantic 石 (“stone”) + phonetic 圭 (guī).
Etymology
An orthographic borrowing from Japanese 硅素 (keiso) (Wu, 2010); pronunciation from its phonetic part 圭 (guī) (ibid.), in turn from Dutch keiaarde (“silicon”). The usage of 矽 (xī) is dated in Mainland China as it is homophonous to 硒 (xī) "selenium" and 錫／锡 (xī) "tin". In Taiwan, these three words are not homophonous.
The 1932 ROC Ministry of Education's Principles of Chemical Nomenclature says:
- 硅由日名珪素孳演而成，因爲固體，故改王旁爲石。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: 1932, 國立編譯館, 化學命名原則
- Guī yóu rì míng guīsù zī yǎn ér chéng, yīn wéi gùtǐ, gù gǎi wáng páng wéi shí.
- 硅 is derived and developed from the Japanese name 珪素 (けいそ, keiso). Considering Si is a solid substance, we hence convert the component 王 into 石.
硅由日名珪素孳演而成，因为固体，故改王旁为石。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄟ
- Tongyong Pinyin: guei
- Wade–Giles: kuei1
- Yale: gwēi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guei
- Palladius: гуй (guj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: gwai1
- Yale: gwāi
- Cantonese Pinyin: gwai1
- Guangdong Romanization: guei1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʷɐi̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
- Wu
Definitions
硅
- (Mainland China, chemistry) silicon
- Synonym: 矽 (xī) (Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macau)
Compounds
Glyph origin 2
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 街 | *kreː, *kreː |
| 鞋 | *ɡreː, *ɡreː, *ɡreː |
| 娾 | *ŋreː, *ŋreːʔ |
| 佳 | *kreː |
| 鮭 | *ɡreː, *kʷeː, *kʰʷeː |
| 涯 | *ŋreː, *ŋre |
| 崖 | *ŋreː, *ŋre |
| 啀 | *ŋreː |
| 厓 | *ŋreː |
| 捱 | *ŋreː |
| 睚 | *ŋreːs |
| 娃 | *qreː |
| 洼 | *qreː, *qʷraː, *kʷeː |
| 哇 | *qreː, *qʷraː |
| 胿 | *ɡeː, *kʷeː |
| 溎 | *qeːns |
| 觟 | *ɡʷraːʔ |
| 黊 | *ɡʷraːʔ, *ɡʷreːs, *ɡʷeː |
| 蘳 | *ɡʷraːʔ, *qʰʷe |
| 蛙 | *qʷraː, *qʷreː |
| 窪 | *qʷraː |
| 卦 | *kʷreːs |
| 挂 | *kʷreːs |
| 掛 | *kʷreːs |
| 詿 | *kʷreːs, *ɡʷreːs |
| 罣 | *kʷreːs, *ɡʷreːs, *kʷeːs |
| 絓 | *kʰʷreː, *ɡʷreːs |
| 鼃 | *ɢʷreː, *qʷreː |
| 圭 | *kʷeː |
| 珪 | *kʷeː |
| 邽 | *kʷeː |
| 閨 | *kʷeː |
| 袿 | *kʷeː |
| 窐 | *kʷeː, *ɡʷeː |
| 茥 | *kʷeː, *kʰʷeː |
| 桂 | *kʷeːs |
| 筀 | *kʷeːs |
| 奎 | *kʰʷeː |
| 刲 | *kʰʷeː |
| 蝰 | *kʰʷeː |
| 楏 | *kʰʷeː |
| 睳 | *qʰʷeː |
| 畦 | *ɡʷeː |
| 眭 | *ɡʷeː, *sqʰʷe, *qʰʷe, *qʰʷi |
| 烓 | *qʷeː, *kʰʷeːŋʔ |
| 跬 | *kʰʷeʔ |
| 恚 | *qʷes |
| 硅 | *qʰʷreɡ |
Definitions
| For pronunciation and definitions of 硅 – see 砉 (“sound of a thing flying quickly by; whoosh; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 砉). |
References
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), C08724
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), B02950-000
Japanese
Kanji
Readings
As variant kanji of 珪: (Can we verify(+) this pronunciation?)
As variant kanji of 砉: (Can we verify(+) this pronunciation?)
- Go-on: きゃく (kyaku)←きやく (kyaku, historical)←くゐやく (kwiyaku, ancient)
- Kan-on: かく (kaku)←くわく (kwaku, historical)
From native Japanese roots:
Compounds
Korean
Hanja
硅 (eum 규 (gyu))
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
硅: Hán Nôm readings: khuê
硅: Nôm readings: cuội[1]