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-ül. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
-ül, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
-ül in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
-ül you have here. The definition of the word
-ül will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
-ül, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Azerbaijani
Pronunciation
Suffix
|
|
preceding vowel
|
| A / I
|
E / Ə / İ
|
O / U
|
Ö / Ü
|
postconsonantal
except after L
|
-ıl
|
-il
|
-ul
|
-ül
|
| after L
|
-ın
|
-in
|
-un
|
-ün
|
| postvocalic
|
-n
|
-ül
- Form of -il after the vowels Ö / Ü and a consonant other than L.
- döymək (“to beat”) + -ül → döyülmək (“to get beaten”)
- tökmək (“to pour”) + -ül → tökülmək (“to fall out, get spilled”)
Derived terms
See -il.
Hungarian
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Suffix
-ül
- (verb-forming suffix) Added to an adjective to form a middle-voice verb. It is similar to -edik.
- zöld (“green”) + -ül → zöldül (“to become (more) green”)
- szép (“beautiful”) + -ül → szépül (“to become (more) beautiful”)
Usage notes
- (verb-forming suffix) Variants:
- -ul is added to back-vowel words. The final vowel is dropped.
- drága (“expensive”) + -ul → drágul (“to get more expensive”)
- -ül is added to front-vowel words. The final vowel is dropped.
- gyenge (“weak”) + -ül → gyengül (“to weaken”)
Derived terms
Etymology 2
Suffix
-ül (essive-modal case suffix)
- (essive sense) as, with the intention of (front-vowel variant of -ul)
- Synonyms: -ként, -képp/-képpen, (stating the capacity) mint
- meglepetés (“surprise”) + -ül → meglepetésül (“as a surprise”)
- vég (“end”) + -ül → végül (“finally, eventually”, literally “as an/the end”)
- (modal sense, adverb-forming suffix) Added to an adjective to form an adverb.
- feltétlen (“unconditional, definite”) + -ül → feltétlenül (“unconditionally, definitely”)
- török (“Turkish”) + -ül → törökül (“in Turkish”)
Usage notes
- (essive-modal case suffix) Variants:
- -ul is added to back-vowel words. Final -a changes to -á-.
- -ül is added to front-vowel words. Final -e changes to -é-.
Hungarian case suffixes
| Case
|
Back vowel
a, á, o, ó, u, ú
|
Front vowel
|
unrounded
e, é, i, í
|
rounded
ö, ő, ü, ű
|
| nominative
|
—
|
| accusative
|
-t
|
| -ot / -at
|
-et
|
-öt
|
| dative
|
-nak
|
-nek
|
| instrumental
|
-val
|
-vel
|
| causal-final
|
-ért
|
| translative
|
-vá
|
-vé
|
| terminative
|
-ig
|
| essive-formal
|
-ként
|
| essive-modal
|
-ul
|
-ül
|
| inessive
|
-ban
|
-ben
|
| superessive
|
-n
|
| -on
|
-en
|
-ön
|
| adessive
|
-nál
|
-nél
|
| illative
|
-ba
|
-be
|
| sublative
|
-ra
|
-re
|
| allative
|
-hoz
|
-hez
|
-höz
|
| elative
|
-ból
|
-ből
|
| delative
|
-ról
|
-ről
|
| ablative
|
-tól
|
-től
|
Note for all endings:
Stem-final -a/-e changes to -á-/-é-, respectively, except before -ként.
alma — almában, but almaként
zene ― zenében, but zeneként
|
Derived terms
See also
Turkish
Pronunciation
Suffix
|
|
preceding vowel
|
| A / I
|
E / İ
|
O / U
|
Ö / Ü
|
postconsonantal
except after L
|
-ıl
|
-il
|
-ul
|
-ül
|
| after L
|
-ın
|
-in
|
-un
|
-ün
|
| postvocalic
|
-n
|
-ül
- Form of -il after the vowels Ö / Ü and a consonant other than L.
- dövmek (“to beat”) + -ül → dövülmek (“to get beaten”)
- dökmek (“to pour”) + -ül → dökülmek (“to fall out, get spilled”)
Derived terms
See -il.
Volapük
Pronunciation
Suffix
-ül
- offspring, young (of an animal), young organism (animal or plant) (e.g., torül = young bull, bullock; kunül = young cow, heifer; lupül = wolf cub)
- Hypocoristic or used to denote affection for the noun. (e.g., Samül = Sammy)
Usage notes
- In many languages, the diminutive form of a word can also be used to denote not (just) littleness but (also) affection or intimacy (for the word's referent), whereas in Volapük this secondary meaning of the diminutive is split off, since Volapük attempts, somewhat like Lojban, to avoid polysemy.
Derived terms
See also