麵

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See also: 面, 麺, 麪, and 麫
麵 U+9EB5, 麵
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9EB5
← 麴
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 麶 →

Translingual

Traditional 麵
Shinjitai 麺
Simplified 面

Han character

麵 (Kangxi radical 199, 麥+9, 20 strokes, cangjie input 十弓一田中 (JNMWL) or 十水一田中 (JEMWL), four-corner 41246, composition ⿰麥面 or ⿺麥面)

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1514, character 7
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 47827
  • Dae Jaweon: page 2043, character 15
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4605, character 12
  • Unihan data for U+9EB5

Chinese

trad. 麵/麪
simp. 面*
2nd round simp. 𫩑
alternative forms 麺
麫／面
糆
𪋽
Wikipedia has articles on:

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 麵
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (面) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
蝒 *men
緬 *menʔ
湎 *menʔ
愐 *menʔ
偭 *menʔ, *mens
勔 *menʔ
面 *mens
麵 *meːns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *meːns) : semantic 麥 (“wheat”) + phonetic 面 (OC *mens). Originally 麪.

Pronunciation

Note: erhua-ed - “powder”.
Note:
  • mī - vernacular;
  • biān - literary.
Rime
Character 麵
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 明 (4)
Final (韻) 先 (85)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 莫甸切
Baxter menH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/menH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/menH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/mɛnH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/mɛnH/
Li
Rong 		/menH/
Wang
Li 		/mienH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/mienH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		miàn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		min6
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 麵
Reading # 1/1
No. 9100
Phonetic
component 		面
Rime
group 		元
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		麫
Old
Chinese 		/*meːns/
Notes 同麪

Definitions

麵

  1. flour
    玉米麵／玉米面  ―  yùmǐmiàn  ―  corn flour
    麵粉／面粉  ―  miànfěn  ―  flour
    發麵／发面  ―  fāmiàn  ―  to leaven a dough
  2. wheat noodles (Classifier: 碗 m c; 條／条 m c; 個／个 c)
    湯麵／汤面  ―  tāngmiàn  ―  noodles in soup
  3. (Mainland China) powder
    藥麵兒／药面儿  ―  yàomiànr  ―  medicinal powder
  4. (Mainland China, dialectal) soft and floury; mealy
    這塊白薯很麵。／这块白薯很面。  ―  Zhè kuài báishǔ hěn miàn.  ―  This piece of sweet potato is really mealy.
  5. (Mandarin, colloquial, of a person) weak; timid; indecisive; slow

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 粉 (“powder”)
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 粉
Mandarin Beijing 麵兒
Jinan 麵兒
Xi'an 麵麵兒
Wuhan 粉子
Chengdu 麵麵, 麵子, 粉粉
Yangzhou 粉子, 粉
Hefei 粉
Singapore 粉
Cantonese Guangzhou 粉
Hong Kong 粉
Yangjiang 粉
Singapore (Guangfu) 粉
Gan Nanchang 粉
Hakka Meixian 粉
Jin Taiyuan 麵麵
Northern Min Jian'ou 粉
Eastern Min Fuzhou 粉粉
Southern Min Xiamen 粉
Singapore (Hokkien) 粉
Manila (Hokkien) 粉
Chaozhou 粉
Singapore (Teochew) 粉
Wu Shanghai 粉
Suzhou 粉
Wenzhou 粉
Xiang Changsha 粉子
Shuangfeng 粉子
Dialectal synonyms of 麵粉 (“(wheat) flour”)
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 麵粉, 小麥粉, 粉
Mandarin Beijing 白麵, 麵
Taiwan 麵粉
Harbin 白麵, 麵
Yantai (Muping) 麵
Jinan 白麵, 麵
Luoyang 白麵, 麵
Wanrong 麵
Xi'an 麵, 麥麵
Yinchuan 麵
Lanzhou 白麵
Xining 白麵, 麵粉
Ürümqi 白麵, 麵
Wuhan 灰麵, 麵粉
Chengdu 灰麵, 麵粉
Guiyang 灰麵
Guilin 麵粉
Liuzhou 灰麵, 麵粉
Xuzhou 麵粉, 麵, 白麵
Wuhu 灰麵
Yangzhou 乾麵
Nanjing 乾麵, 麵粉
Hefei 灰麵
Singapore 麵粉
Cantonese Guangzhou 麵粉, 灰麵
Hong Kong 麵粉
Dongguan 麵粉
Yangjiang 麵粉
Gan Nanchang 灰麵
Lichuan 麵灰
Pingxiang 灰麵
Hakka Meixian 麵粉, 麥粉
Raoping (Xinfeng) 麵灰
Yudu 麵粉
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 麵粉
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 麵粉
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 麵粉
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 麵粉
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 麵粉
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 麵粉
Huizhou Jixi 灰麵, 麵, 白麵
Jin Taiyuan 麵, 好麵, 白麵
Xinzhou 麵, 好麵
Northern Min Jian'ou 麵灰
Eastern Min Fuzhou 麵粉
Southern Min Xiamen 麵粉
Quanzhou 麵粉
Zhangzhou 麵粉
Taipei 麵粉
New Taipei (Sanxia) 麵粉
Kaohsiung 麵粉
Yilan 麵粉
Changhua (Lukang) 麵粉
Taichung 麵粉
Tainan 麵粉
Hsinchu 麵粉
Kinmen 麵粉
Penghu (Magong) 麵粉
Singapore (Hokkien) 麵粉
Manila (Hokkien) 麵粉
Chaozhou 麵粉, 麵灰
Jieyang 麵粞, 麥粞, 麥粉
Singapore (Teochew) 麵粉
Haikou 麵粉, 麵
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 麵粉
Wu Shanghai 麵粉, 乾麵
Shanghai (Chongming) 乾麵
Suzhou 麵餑, 麵粉
Danyang 麵白, 麵糏
Hangzhou 麵粉
Ningbo 麵粉
Wenzhou 麵粉, 飛麵
Jinhua 飛麵, 麥粉
Xiang Changsha 灰麵
Loudi 灰麵粉
Shuangfeng 灰麵
Dialectal synonyms of 麵條 (“noodle”)
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 麵條, 麵
Mandarin Beijing 麵條兒, 麵
Taiwan 麵條, 麵
Harbin 麵條兒
Yantai (Muping) 麵
Jinan 麵條兒, 麵
Luoyang 麵條兒, 麵
Wanrong 飯
Xi'an 麵
Yinchuan 麵條子, 麵
Lanzhou 麵條子
Xining 麵條兒
Ürümqi 麵條子, 麵
Wuhan 麵, 麵條
Chengdu 麵
Guiyang 麵
Liuzhou 麵條, 麵
Xuzhou 麵條兒, 麵條子
Yangzhou 麵
Nanjing 麵, 麵條
Hefei 麵條, 麵
Malaysia 麵
Singapore 麵
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 麵, 飯
Cantonese Guangzhou 麵
Hong Kong 麵
Dongguan 麵
Yangjiang 麵
Beihai 麵條
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 麵條
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 麵條
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 麵條
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 麵
Penang (Guangfu) 麵
Singapore (Guangfu) 麵
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 麵
Móng Cái 麵條
Yangon (Taishan) 麵
Mandalay (Taishan) 麵
Gan Nanchang 麵
Lichuan 麵
Pingxiang 麵
Hakka Meixian 麵, 麵條
Yudu 麵
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 麵
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 麵
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 麵
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 大麵, 麵
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 麵
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 大麵
Huizhou Jixi 麵
Jin Taiyuan 麵條子, 麵條, 麵
Xinzhou 麵條子, 條條子麵, 條子麵, 麵
Northern Min Jian'ou 麵
Eastern Min Fuzhou 麵
Southern Min Xiamen 麵
Quanzhou 麵
Jinjiang 麵
Shishi 麵
Yongchun 麵奇
Zhangzhou 麵
Yilan 麵
Penang (Hokkien) 麵
Singapore (Hokkien) 麵
Manila (Hokkien) 麵
Chaozhou 麵
Shantou 麵
Singapore (Teochew) 麵
Haikou 麵, 麵條
Zhongshan Min Sanxiang 麵
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 麵
Wu Shanghai 麵, 麵條
Shanghai (Chongming) 麵
Suzhou 麵
Danyang 麵
Hangzhou 麵
Ningbo 麵
Wenzhou 麵
Jinhua 麵
Xiang Changsha 麵
Shuangfeng 麵

Compounds

Usage notes

Region 麵 麪
Taiwan standard variant
Hong Kong variant standard

See also

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (麵):
  • → Japanese: 麺(めん) (men)
  • → Korean: 면(麵) (myeon)
  • → Vietnamese: miến (麵, “cellophane noodles”)

Others:

  • → English: mee (via Min Nan)
  • → Malay: mi (via Min Nan)
    • Indonesian: mi
  • → Mauritian Creole: min (via Yue)
  • → Thai: หมี่ (mìi) (via Min Nan)
  • → Vietnamese: mì (via Min Nan)

References

Japanese

Shinjitai

麺

Kyūjitai

麵

Kanji

麵

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 麺)

  1. flour
  2. dough
  3. noodles

Readings

Korean

Hanja

麵 • (myeon) (hangeul 면)

  1. wheat flour
  2. noodles

Vietnamese

Han character

麵: Hán Nôm readings: diện, mì, miến

  1. wheat
  2. noodles
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