rad

English

Pronunciation

• (UK, US) IPA^(key): /ɹæd/

• Audio (AU)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -æd

Adjective

rad (comparative radder, superlative raddest)

1. (slang, dated) Clipping of radical; excellent

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:awesome, Thesaurus:excellent

   • 2002, Brent Goldberg, David Wagner, Van Wilder (motion picture), spoken by Wasted Guy (Aaron Paul):

     In the Guinness Book of World-fucking-Records, man… under "Raddest Fucking Dude Alive"!

   • 2011, Diablo Cody, Young Adult (motion picture), spoken by Wheelchair Mike (John Forest):

     What is up, girly-friend? Holy shit, cuz. This is such a rad surprise.

Derived terms

• k-rad

Translations

Noun

rad (plural rads)

1. (metrology) A non-SI unit of absorbed dose of radiation, equal to 0.01 gray.

   Synonym: (abbreviation) rd

   Coordinate term: gray

2. A political radical.
   • 1991 April 19, Penny Arcade, “The Real Thing”, in Gay Community News, page 8:

     The women who work in it with me are all feminists, they're all rads, two of them are black belts in karate...I mean, they're major women.

3. Abbreviation of radian.
4. (automotive, plumbing, slang) Abbreviation of radiator.
5. (firearms, slang) Abbreviation of sight radius.

Derived terms

• rad-hard

See also

• deg
• grad
• mil

Anagrams

• 'ard, -ard, -dar, ADR, ARD, Ard, DAR, DRA, Dar, Dra, RDA, ard, dar

Danish

Etymology 1

From Old Norse rǫð, from Proto-Germanic *radō (“row”). Cognate with Norwegian rad and Swedish rad.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Noun

rad c (singular definite raden, plural indefinite rader)

1. row
2. line
3. string
4. tier

Inflection

Synonyms

• geled n
• række c

Derived terms

• rad og række

References

• “rad,1” in Den Danske Ordbog

Etymology 2

Maybe the same word as the first one. However, Norwegian radd (“person”) speaks against this possibility.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Noun

rad c (singular definite raden, plural indefinite rade)

1. (obsolete) skeleton, carcass
   • 1807, Jens Baggesen, Nye blandede Digte, p. 358.

     Hans Legem blev en Rad af Been, | Hvorpaa et Dødninghoved green. ("His body became a carcass of bones, on which a skull was grinning.")

   • 1855, Poul Møller, Efterladte Skrifter, 2nd ed., vol. 2, p. 35

     Hans Krop ... | Den bad de Høgen pille, | Saa Raden blev til Rest. ("They let the hawk pick his body so that the skeleton was left.")

2. (rare) person
   • 2018, Mette Fog Pedersen, Lys og skygge: Betragtninger fra en sygeseng, Lindhardt og Ringhof, →ISBN:

     I den Mygindske familie var der mindst lige så megen livfuldhed som på Store Hovgård. Den gamle Mygind var en lun rad, fuld af festlige historier og næsten altid omgivet af sine store hunde. Disse havde en meget familiær stilling i huset.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 2017, Knud Andersen, Den blinde ørn, Lindhardt og Ringhof, →ISBN:

     ... tændt og skridtede frem og tilbage paa Halvdækket, sagde Hovgaard: „ Skipperen er en fin Navigatør, en første Klasses Sømand og sejler hende som en Jolle. Ham kan du lære noget af. Han er en lun Rad og „large“, selv om han er religiøs.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 1887, Gerhard Holm, Den Danske konebaads-expedition til Grøonlands øostkyst:

     Morten, der snart viste sig at være en lun Rad, var heller ikke fri for at kure til Marie, naar de sad og plukkede Ryper eller Edderfugle sammen ude i Kjøkkenet, eller naar Morten havde Ordre fra Johanne til at staa og røre i Gryderne, medens  ...

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 1906, Dansk tidsskrift:

     Den, der paa Landet bliver en , lun Rad", en ,,tør" Bider, vilde i Byen blive en Spilopmager, der ikke vejer sine Udfald saa nøje, ikke tænker meget paa Følgerne, eller en ondskabsfuld Bagtaler.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Inflection

Derived terms

• radmager
• rygrad

References

• “rad,2” in Den Danske Ordbog
• “rad,3” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog

Etymology 3

From English rad, abbreviated from radiation.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Noun

rad c (singular definite raden, plural indefinite rad)

1. rad (a non-SI unit of absorbed dose of radiation, equal to 0.01 gray)

Inflection

References

• “rad,3” in Den Danske Ordbog

Dutch

Dutch Wikipedia has an article on:

Rad

Wikipedia ^nl

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rɑt/

• audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑt
• Homophone: rat

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch rat, from Old Dutch *rath, from Proto-West Germanic *raþ, from Proto-Germanic *raþą, from Proto-Indo-European *Hret-.

Noun

rad n (plural raderen or (obsolete) raden, diminutive raadje n or radje n or radertje n)

1. wheel

   Synonym: wiel

   het rad van fortuin ― the wheel of fortune

Usage notes

• Standard Dutch prefers wiel, though less so for stationary wheels, where both words are usual. In certain compounds only rad is common.

Derived terms

Descendants

• → Papiamentu: rat, rad

Etymology 2

From Middle Dutch rat, from Old Dutch *rath, *rad, from Proto-West Germanic *hraþ, *hrad, from Proto-Germanic *hradaz, *hraþaz, from Proto-Indo-European *kret-.

Adjective

rad (comparative radder, superlative radst)

1. quick, swift

   Synonyms: rap, snel, vlug, kwiek, gezwind, ras

   Zij is rad van tong.

   She has a sharp tongue.

   • 2002, Feeks mist radde tong, in De Standaard online,

     Bitch is missing sharp tongue

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Inflection

Anagrams

• dar

Haitian Creole

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɣad/

Noun

rad

1. clothes

Synonyms

• abi
• lenj

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):
• Hyphenation: rad

Etymology 1

Noun

rad (first-person possessive radku, second-person possessive radmu, third-person possessive radnya)

1. (metrology) rad, a non-SI unit of absorbed dose of radiation, equal to 0.01 gray.

Etymology 2

From Dutch raad (“council”), from Middle Dutch râet, from Old Dutch rāt, from Proto-Germanic *rēdaz.

Noun

rad (first-person possessive radku, second-person possessive radmu, third-person possessive radnya)

1. (archaic) court.

   Synonyms: dewan, majelis

Further reading

• “rad” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.

Italian

Noun

rad m (invariable)

1. (physics) rad (unit)
2. (mathematics) radian

Anagrams

• dar

Lower Sorbian

Alternative forms

• rady

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *radъ (“glad”). Cognates include Upper Sorbian rad, Polish rad, Czech rád, Old Church Slavonic радъ (radŭ), and Russian рад (rad).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rat/

Predicative

rad (feminine rada, neuter rado, dual radej, plural raźi)

1. happy/happily, glad/gladly

   To ja rad/rady cynim.

   I’m happy to do that. (male speaker)

   Mója žeńska to rada/rad/rady scyni.

   My wife will be happy to do that.

   Našo góle tam rado/rad/rady doženjo.

   Our child will be happy to go there.

   Tam woni raźi/rad/rady njechojźe.

   They don’t like going there.

Usage notes

The feminine, neuter, dual, and plural forms may optionally be used in agreement with the subject of the verb, or rad or rady may be used invariably.

Middle English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rad/, /raːd/

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old English hræd, from Proto-West Germanic *hrad, from Proto-Germanic *hradaz. Compare rathe.

Alternative forms

• radde, rade
• red, ræd (Early Middle English)

Adjective

rad (plural and weak singular rade, comparative raddere, superlative raddest)

1. quick, fast, speedy
2. rash, hasty, angry
3. eager

Descendants

• Scots: redd, red

References

• “rad(e, adj.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-03-30.

Adverb

rad

1. quickly, speedily

Descendants

• Scots: redd, red

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Old Norse hræddr, past participle of hræða (“to frighten”).

Alternative forms

• raadd, radde, rade, redde

Adjective

rad

1. afraid, scared, terrified, fearful

Descendants

• Scots: rad, radd, red, redd, rede

References

• “rad(e, adj.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-03-30.

Norwegian Bokmål

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /raːd/, /raː/

Etymology

From Old Norse rǫð.

Noun

rad f or m (definite singular rada or raden, indefinite plural rader, definite plural radene)

1. a row
2. (chess) rank

Derived terms

• på rad
• ryggrad

References

• “rad” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): , , , , ,

Etymology 1

From Old Norse rǫð.

Noun

rad f (definite singular rada, indefinite plural rader, definite plural radene)

1. a row

Derived terms

• på rad
• ryggrad

Etymology 2

From Old Norse hraðr, from Proto-Germanic *hradaz.

Adjective

rad (neuter radt, definite singular and plural rade, comparative radare, indefinite superlative radast, definite superlative radaste)

1. fast
2. straight

Derived terms

• radig

References

• “rad” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rɑːd/

Etymology 1

From Proto-West Germanic *raidu. Cognate with Old Norse reið.

Noun

rād f

1. journey, ride
2. raid, expedition
3. the runic character ᚱ (/r/)

Declension

Derived terms

• hranrād

Descendants

• Middle English: rode, rade, rod, rood, roode
  • English: road
  • Scots: raid
    • → English: raid, rade
      • → Spanish: raid
      • → French: raid
      • → Italian: raid
      • → Polish: rajd
      • → Romanian: raid
      • → Swedish: räd
  • → Old French: *rade
    • Middle French: rade
      • French: rade
        • → Catalan: rada
        • → Italian: rada
        • → Spanish: rada

Etymology 2

See ridan.

Verb

rād

1. first/third-person singular preterite of ridan

Old Frisian

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *raud, from Proto-Germanic *raudaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rowdʰós. Cognates include Old English rēad, Old Saxon rōd and Old Dutch rōt.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈraːd/

Adjective

rād

1. red

Descendants

• North Frisian:

  Föhr-Amrum: ruad

  Goesharde: ruud

  Halligen: ruad

  Heligoland: rooad

  Mooring: rüüdj

  Sylt: ruar

  Wiedingharde: ruuid

• Saterland Frisian: rood
• West Frisian: read

References

• Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN

Old High German

Etymology 1

From Proto-West Germanic *hrad, wheseence also Old English hræþ, Old Norse hraðr.

Adjective

rad

1. fast

Etymology 2

From Proto-West Germanic *raþ, from Proto-Germanic *raþą, akin to Latin rota.

Noun

rad n

1. wheel

Descendants

• German: Rad
• Yiddish: ראָד (rod)

Polish

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:

rad

Wikipedia ^pl

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rat/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -at
• Syllabification: rad

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *radъ.

Adjective

rad (comparative bardziej rad, superlative najbardziej rad, no derived adverb)

1. (dated) glad (pleased, happy, satisfied)

Usage notes

• All forms except the nominative are obsolete.

Declension

Etymology 2

Learned borrowing from New Latin radium.

Noun

rad m inan

1. (chemistry) radium (chemical element with an atomic number of 88)

Declension

Etymology 3

Borrowed from English rad.

Noun

rad m inan

1. rad (unit of absorbed radiation dose)

Declension

Etymology 4

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

rad m inan

1. Abbreviation of radian.

Etymology 5

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

rad f

1. genitive plural of rada

Further reading

• rad in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• rad in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• Wanda Decyk-Zięba, editor (2018-2022), “rad”, in Dydaktyczny Słownik Etymologiczno-historyczny Języka Polskiego [A Didactic, Historical, Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), →ISBN

Romanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Verb

rad

1. inflection of rade:
   1. first-person singular present indicative/subjunctive
   2. third-person plural present indicative

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *radъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /râd/

Adjective

rȁd (comparative ràdijī, Cyrillic spelling ра̏д)

1. willing

Declension

Etymology 2

From ráditi (“to work”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /râːd/

Noun

rȃd m (Cyrillic spelling ра̑д)

1. work

Declension

Etymology 3

From English rad.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /râːd/

Noun

rȃd m (Cyrillic spelling ра̑д)

1. rad (unit of absorbed dose of radiation)

Declension

Slovak

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈrat/

Noun

rad m inan (genitive singular radu, nominative plural rady, genitive plural radov, declension pattern of dub)

1. row
2. (chess) rank

Declension

References

• “rad”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024

Slovene

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *radъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rát/

Adjective

rȁd (comparative rȃjši, superlative nȁjrȃjši)

1. liking or preferring something, having a positive attitude towards something

Inflection

This adjective needs an inflection-table template.

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ráːt/

Noun

rȃd m inan

1. (dated) gladness

Inflection

The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.

Further reading

• “rad”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse rǫð, from Proto-Germanic *radō (“row”).

Pronunciation

• audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑːd

Noun

rad ?

1. Abbreviation of radian.

Noun

rad c

1. A row; a line of entries in a table, or a line of objects
2. A single horizontal row of text on a CRT screen, printed paper, etc.
3. A line in a screenplay
4. (colloquial) A (short) written letter(Can we add an example for this sense?)
5. (chess) rank

Declension

Synonyms

• (line in screenplay): replik

Anagrams

• dar, dra

Veps

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian страда (strada). Related to Livvi ruado and Ludian ruad.

Noun

rad

1. work, labor, toil
2. event

Declension

Welsh

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /raːd/

Adjective

rad

1. Soft mutation of rhad.

Mutation