نفس

See also: نقس

Arabic

Root
ن ف س (n f s)
11 terms

Etymology 1.1

Verb

نَفُسَ • (nafusa) I (non-past يَنْفُسُ (yanfusu), verbal noun نَفَس (nafas) or نِفَاس (nifās) or نَفَاسَة (nafāsa))

to be priceless, to be precious, to be valuable

Conjugation

Conjugation of **نَفُسَ** (I, sound, u ~ u, no passive (?), verbal nouns **نَفَس**, *نِفَاس*, *نَفَاسَة*)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					نَفَس, نِفَاس, نَفَاسَة nafas, nifās, nafāsa
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					نَفِيس, نَافِس nafīs, nāfis
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	نَفُسْتُ nafustu	نَفُسْتَ nafusta	نَفُسَ nafusa	نَفُسْتُمَا nafustumā	نَفُسَا nafusā	نَفُسْنَا nafusnā	نَفُسْتُمْ nafustum	نَفُسُوا nafusū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	نَفُسْتُ nafustu	نَفُسْتِ nafusti	نَفُسَتْ nafusat	نَفُسْتُمَا nafustumā	نَفُسَتَا nafusatā	نَفُسْنَا nafusnā	نَفُسْتُنَّ nafustunna	نَفُسْنَ nafusna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَنْفُسُ ʔanfusu	تَنْفُسُ tanfusu	يَنْفُسُ yanfusu	تَنْفُسَانِ tanfusāni	يَنْفُسَانِ yanfusāni	نَنْفُسُ nanfusu	تَنْفُسُونَ tanfusūna	يَنْفُسُونَ yanfusūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أَنْفُسُ ʔanfusu	تَنْفُسِينَ tanfusīna	تَنْفُسُ tanfusu	تَنْفُسَانِ tanfusāni	تَنْفُسَانِ tanfusāni	نَنْفُسُ nanfusu	تَنْفُسْنَ tanfusna	يَنْفُسْنَ yanfusna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَنْفُسَ ʔanfusa	تَنْفُسَ tanfusa	يَنْفُسَ yanfusa	تَنْفُسَا tanfusā	يَنْفُسَا yanfusā	نَنْفُسَ nanfusa	تَنْفُسُوا tanfusū	يَنْفُسُوا yanfusū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَنْفُسَ ʔanfusa	تَنْفُسِي tanfusī	تَنْفُسَ tanfusa	تَنْفُسَا tanfusā	تَنْفُسَا tanfusā	نَنْفُسَ nanfusa	تَنْفُسْنَ tanfusna	يَنْفُسْنَ yanfusna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَنْفُسْ ʔanfus	تَنْفُسْ tanfus	يَنْفُسْ yanfus	تَنْفُسَا tanfusā	يَنْفُسَا yanfusā	نَنْفُسْ nanfus	تَنْفُسُوا tanfusū	يَنْفُسُوا yanfusū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أَنْفُسْ ʔanfus	تَنْفُسِي tanfusī	تَنْفُسْ tanfus	تَنْفُسَا tanfusā	تَنْفُسَا tanfusā	نَنْفُسْ nanfus	تَنْفُسْنَ tanfusna	يَنْفُسْنَ yanfusna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اُنْفُسْ unfus		اُنْفُسَا unfusā			اُنْفُسُوا unfusū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		اُنْفُسِي unfusī		اُنْفُسَا unfusā			اُنْفُسْنَ unfusna

Etymology 1.2

Verb

نَفِسَ • (nafisa) I (non-past يَنْفَسُ (yanfasu), verbal noun نَفَس (nafas))

to be stingy, to be sparing

Conjugation

Conjugation of **نَفِسَ** (I, sound, i ~ a, no passive, verbal noun **نَفَس**)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					نَفَس nafas
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					نُفَسَاء nufasāʔ
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	نَفِسْتُ nafistu	نَفِسْتَ nafista	نَفِسَ nafisa	نَفِسْتُمَا nafistumā	نَفِسَا nafisā	نَفِسْنَا nafisnā	نَفِسْتُمْ nafistum	نَفِسُوا nafisū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	نَفِسْتُ nafistu	نَفِسْتِ nafisti	نَفِسَتْ nafisat	نَفِسْتُمَا nafistumā	نَفِسَتَا nafisatā	نَفِسْنَا nafisnā	نَفِسْتُنَّ nafistunna	نَفِسْنَ nafisna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَنْفَسُ ʔanfasu	تَنْفَسُ tanfasu	يَنْفَسُ yanfasu	تَنْفَسَانِ tanfasāni	يَنْفَسَانِ yanfasāni	نَنْفَسُ nanfasu	تَنْفَسُونَ tanfasūna	يَنْفَسُونَ yanfasūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أَنْفَسُ ʔanfasu	تَنْفَسِينَ tanfasīna	تَنْفَسُ tanfasu	تَنْفَسَانِ tanfasāni	تَنْفَسَانِ tanfasāni	نَنْفَسُ nanfasu	تَنْفَسْنَ tanfasna	يَنْفَسْنَ yanfasna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَنْفَسَ ʔanfasa	تَنْفَسَ tanfasa	يَنْفَسَ yanfasa	تَنْفَسَا tanfasā	يَنْفَسَا yanfasā	نَنْفَسَ nanfasa	تَنْفَسُوا tanfasū	يَنْفَسُوا yanfasū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَنْفَسَ ʔanfasa	تَنْفَسِي tanfasī	تَنْفَسَ tanfasa	تَنْفَسَا tanfasā	تَنْفَسَا tanfasā	نَنْفَسَ nanfasa	تَنْفَسْنَ tanfasna	يَنْفَسْنَ yanfasna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَنْفَسْ ʔanfas	تَنْفَسْ tanfas	يَنْفَسْ yanfas	تَنْفَسَا tanfasā	يَنْفَسَا yanfasā	نَنْفَسْ nanfas	تَنْفَسُوا tanfasū	يَنْفَسُوا yanfasū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أَنْفَسْ ʔanfas	تَنْفَسِي tanfasī	تَنْفَسْ tanfas	تَنْفَسَا tanfasā	تَنْفَسَا tanfasā	نَنْفَسْ nanfas	تَنْفَسْنَ tanfasna	يَنْفَسْنَ yanfasna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِنْفَسْ infas		اِنْفَسَا infasā			اِنْفَسُوا infasū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		اِنْفَسِي infasī		اِنْفَسَا infasā			اِنْفَسْنَ infasna

Verb

نَفِسَ • (nafisa) I (non-past يَنْفَسُ (yanfasu), verbal noun نَفَاسَة (nafāsa))

to envy, to begrudge

Conjugation

Conjugation of **نَفِسَ** (I, sound, i ~ a, full passive, verbal noun *نَفَاسَة*)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					نَفَاسَة nafāsa
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					نُفَسَاء nufasāʔ
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مَنْفُوس manfūs
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	نَفِسْتُ nafistu	نَفِسْتَ nafista	نَفِسَ nafisa	نَفِسْتُمَا nafistumā	نَفِسَا nafisā	نَفِسْنَا nafisnā	نَفِسْتُمْ nafistum	نَفِسُوا nafisū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	نَفِسْتُ nafistu	نَفِسْتِ nafisti	نَفِسَتْ nafisat	نَفِسْتُمَا nafistumā	نَفِسَتَا nafisatā	نَفِسْنَا nafisnā	نَفِسْتُنَّ nafistunna	نَفِسْنَ nafisna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَنْفَسُ ʔanfasu	تَنْفَسُ tanfasu	يَنْفَسُ yanfasu	تَنْفَسَانِ tanfasāni	يَنْفَسَانِ yanfasāni	نَنْفَسُ nanfasu	تَنْفَسُونَ tanfasūna	يَنْفَسُونَ yanfasūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أَنْفَسُ ʔanfasu	تَنْفَسِينَ tanfasīna	تَنْفَسُ tanfasu	تَنْفَسَانِ tanfasāni	تَنْفَسَانِ tanfasāni	نَنْفَسُ nanfasu	تَنْفَسْنَ tanfasna	يَنْفَسْنَ yanfasna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَنْفَسَ ʔanfasa	تَنْفَسَ tanfasa	يَنْفَسَ yanfasa	تَنْفَسَا tanfasā	يَنْفَسَا yanfasā	نَنْفَسَ nanfasa	تَنْفَسُوا tanfasū	يَنْفَسُوا yanfasū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَنْفَسَ ʔanfasa	تَنْفَسِي tanfasī	تَنْفَسَ tanfasa	تَنْفَسَا tanfasā	تَنْفَسَا tanfasā	نَنْفَسَ nanfasa	تَنْفَسْنَ tanfasna	يَنْفَسْنَ yanfasna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَنْفَسْ ʔanfas	تَنْفَسْ tanfas	يَنْفَسْ yanfas	تَنْفَسَا tanfasā	يَنْفَسَا yanfasā	نَنْفَسْ nanfas	تَنْفَسُوا tanfasū	يَنْفَسُوا yanfasū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أَنْفَسْ ʔanfas	تَنْفَسِي tanfasī	تَنْفَسْ tanfas	تَنْفَسَا tanfasā	تَنْفَسَا tanfasā	نَنْفَسْ nanfas	تَنْفَسْنَ tanfasna	يَنْفَسْنَ yanfasna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِنْفَسْ infas		اِنْفَسَا infasā			اِنْفَسُوا infasū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		اِنْفَسِي infasī		اِنْفَسَا infasā			اِنْفَسْنَ infasna

passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	نُفِسْتُ nufistu	نُفِسْتَ nufista	نُفِسَ nufisa	نُفِسْتُمَا nufistumā	نُفِسَا nufisā	نُفِسْنَا nufisnā	نُفِسْتُمْ nufistum	نُفِسُوا nufisū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	نُفِسْتُ nufistu	نُفِسْتِ nufisti	نُفِسَتْ nufisat	نُفِسْتُمَا nufistumā	نُفِسَتَا nufisatā	نُفِسْنَا nufisnā	نُفِسْتُنَّ nufistunna	نُفِسْنَ nufisna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُنْفَسُ ʔunfasu	تُنْفَسُ tunfasu	يُنْفَسُ yunfasu	تُنْفَسَانِ tunfasāni	يُنْفَسَانِ yunfasāni	نُنْفَسُ nunfasu	تُنْفَسُونَ tunfasūna	يُنْفَسُونَ yunfasūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُنْفَسُ ʔunfasu	تُنْفَسِينَ tunfasīna	تُنْفَسُ tunfasu	تُنْفَسَانِ tunfasāni	تُنْفَسَانِ tunfasāni	نُنْفَسُ nunfasu	تُنْفَسْنَ tunfasna	يُنْفَسْنَ yunfasna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُنْفَسَ ʔunfasa	تُنْفَسَ tunfasa	يُنْفَسَ yunfasa	تُنْفَسَا tunfasā	يُنْفَسَا yunfasā	نُنْفَسَ nunfasa	تُنْفَسُوا tunfasū	يُنْفَسُوا yunfasū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُنْفَسَ ʔunfasa	تُنْفَسِي tunfasī	تُنْفَسَ tunfasa	تُنْفَسَا tunfasā	تُنْفَسَا tunfasā	نُنْفَسَ nunfasa	تُنْفَسْنَ tunfasna	يُنْفَسْنَ yunfasna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُنْفَسْ ʔunfas	تُنْفَسْ tunfas	يُنْفَسْ yunfas	تُنْفَسَا tunfasā	يُنْفَسَا yunfasā	نُنْفَسْ nunfas	تُنْفَسُوا tunfasū	يُنْفَسُوا yunfasū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُنْفَسْ ʔunfas	تُنْفَسِي tunfasī	تُنْفَسْ tunfas	تُنْفَسَا tunfasā	تُنْفَسَا tunfasā	نُنْفَسْ nunfas	تُنْفَسْنَ tunfasna	يُنْفَسْنَ yunfasna

Verb

نَفِسَ • (nafisa) I (non-past يَنْفَسُ (yanfasu), verbal noun نِفَاس (nifās))
نُفِسَ • (nufisa) I (passive-only, non-past يُنْفَسُ (yunfasu), verbal noun نِفَاس (nifās))

to be in childbed

Conjugation

Conjugation of **نَفِسَ** (I, sound, i ~ a, no passive, verbal noun *نِفَاس*)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					نِفَاس nifās
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					نُفَسَاء nufasāʔ
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	نَفِسْتُ nafistu	نَفِسْتَ nafista	نَفِسَ nafisa	نَفِسْتُمَا nafistumā	نَفِسَا nafisā	نَفِسْنَا nafisnā	نَفِسْتُمْ nafistum	نَفِسُوا nafisū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	نَفِسْتُ nafistu	نَفِسْتِ nafisti	نَفِسَتْ nafisat	نَفِسْتُمَا nafistumā	نَفِسَتَا nafisatā	نَفِسْنَا nafisnā	نَفِسْتُنَّ nafistunna	نَفِسْنَ nafisna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَنْفَسُ ʔanfasu	تَنْفَسُ tanfasu	يَنْفَسُ yanfasu	تَنْفَسَانِ tanfasāni	يَنْفَسَانِ yanfasāni	نَنْفَسُ nanfasu	تَنْفَسُونَ tanfasūna	يَنْفَسُونَ yanfasūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أَنْفَسُ ʔanfasu	تَنْفَسِينَ tanfasīna	تَنْفَسُ tanfasu	تَنْفَسَانِ tanfasāni	تَنْفَسَانِ tanfasāni	نَنْفَسُ nanfasu	تَنْفَسْنَ tanfasna	يَنْفَسْنَ yanfasna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَنْفَسَ ʔanfasa	تَنْفَسَ tanfasa	يَنْفَسَ yanfasa	تَنْفَسَا tanfasā	يَنْفَسَا yanfasā	نَنْفَسَ nanfasa	تَنْفَسُوا tanfasū	يَنْفَسُوا yanfasū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَنْفَسَ ʔanfasa	تَنْفَسِي tanfasī	تَنْفَسَ tanfasa	تَنْفَسَا tanfasā	تَنْفَسَا tanfasā	نَنْفَسَ nanfasa	تَنْفَسْنَ tanfasna	يَنْفَسْنَ yanfasna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَنْفَسْ ʔanfas	تَنْفَسْ tanfas	يَنْفَسْ yanfas	تَنْفَسَا tanfasā	يَنْفَسَا yanfasā	نَنْفَسْ nanfas	تَنْفَسُوا tanfasū	يَنْفَسُوا yanfasū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أَنْفَسْ ʔanfas	تَنْفَسِي tanfasī	تَنْفَسْ tanfas	تَنْفَسَا tanfasā	تَنْفَسَا tanfasā	نَنْفَسْ nanfas	تَنْفَسْنَ tanfasna	يَنْفَسْنَ yanfasna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِنْفَسْ infas		اِنْفَسَا infasā			اِنْفَسُوا infasū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		اِنْفَسِي infasī		اِنْفَسَا infasā			اِنْفَسْنَ infasna

Conjugation of **نُفِسَ** (I, sound, passive-only, verbal noun *نِفَاس*)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					نِفَاس nifās
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مَنْفُوس manfūs

passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	نُفِسْتُ nufistu	نُفِسْتَ nufista	نُفِسَ nufisa	نُفِسْتُمَا nufistumā	نُفِسَا nufisā	نُفِسْنَا nufisnā	نُفِسْتُمْ nufistum	نُفِسُوا nufisū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	نُفِسْتُ nufistu	نُفِسْتِ nufisti	نُفِسَتْ nufisat	نُفِسْتُمَا nufistumā	نُفِسَتَا nufisatā	نُفِسْنَا nufisnā	نُفِسْتُنَّ nufistunna	نُفِسْنَ nufisna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُنْفَسُ ʔunfasu	تُنْفَسُ tunfasu	يُنْفَسُ yunfasu	تُنْفَسَانِ tunfasāni	يُنْفَسَانِ yunfasāni	نُنْفَسُ nunfasu	تُنْفَسُونَ tunfasūna	يُنْفَسُونَ yunfasūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُنْفَسُ ʔunfasu	تُنْفَسِينَ tunfasīna	تُنْفَسُ tunfasu	تُنْفَسَانِ tunfasāni	تُنْفَسَانِ tunfasāni	نُنْفَسُ nunfasu	تُنْفَسْنَ tunfasna	يُنْفَسْنَ yunfasna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُنْفَسَ ʔunfasa	تُنْفَسَ tunfasa	يُنْفَسَ yunfasa	تُنْفَسَا tunfasā	يُنْفَسَا yunfasā	نُنْفَسَ nunfasa	تُنْفَسُوا tunfasū	يُنْفَسُوا yunfasū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُنْفَسَ ʔunfasa	تُنْفَسِي tunfasī	تُنْفَسَ tunfasa	تُنْفَسَا tunfasā	تُنْفَسَا tunfasā	نُنْفَسَ nunfasa	تُنْفَسْنَ tunfasna	يُنْفَسْنَ yunfasna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُنْفَسْ ʔunfas	تُنْفَسْ tunfas	يُنْفَسْ yunfas	تُنْفَسَا tunfasā	يُنْفَسَا yunfasā	نُنْفَسْ nunfas	تُنْفَسُوا tunfasū	يُنْفَسُوا yunfasū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُنْفَسْ ʔunfas	تُنْفَسِي tunfasī	تُنْفَسْ tunfas	تُنْفَسَا tunfasā	تُنْفَسَا tunfasā	نُنْفَسْ nunfas	تُنْفَسْنَ tunfasna	يُنْفَسْنَ yunfasna

Etymology 1.3

Verb

نَفَّسَ • (naffasa) II (non-past يُنَفِّسُ (yunaffisu), verbal noun تَنْفِيس (tanfīs))

to comfort, to cheer up, to reassure, to appease
to relieve, to dispel, to banish
to air, to vent
to uncover, to reveal, to voice
to cease, to desist
to let out air
to be in childbed
(regional, Saudi Arabia) to get frustrated

Conjugation

Conjugation of **نَفَّسَ** (II, sound, full passive, verbal noun *تَنْفِيس*)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					تَنْفِيس tanfīs
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					مُنَفِّس munaffis
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مُنَفَّس munaffas
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	نَفَّسْتُ naffastu	نَفَّسْتَ naffasta	نَفَّسَ naffasa	نَفَّسْتُمَا naffastumā	نَفَّسَا naffasā	نَفَّسْنَا naffasnā	نَفَّسْتُمْ naffastum	نَفَّسُوا naffasū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	نَفَّسْتُ naffastu	نَفَّسْتِ naffasti	نَفَّسَتْ naffasat	نَفَّسْتُمَا naffastumā	نَفَّسَتَا naffasatā	نَفَّسْنَا naffasnā	نَفَّسْتُنَّ naffastunna	نَفَّسْنَ naffasna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُنَفِّسُ ʔunaffisu	تُنَفِّسُ tunaffisu	يُنَفِّسُ yunaffisu	تُنَفِّسَانِ tunaffisāni	يُنَفِّسَانِ yunaffisāni	نُنَفِّسُ nunaffisu	تُنَفِّسُونَ tunaffisūna	يُنَفِّسُونَ yunaffisūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُنَفِّسُ ʔunaffisu	تُنَفِّسِينَ tunaffisīna	تُنَفِّسُ tunaffisu	تُنَفِّسَانِ tunaffisāni	تُنَفِّسَانِ tunaffisāni	نُنَفِّسُ nunaffisu	تُنَفِّسْنَ tunaffisna	يُنَفِّسْنَ yunaffisna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُنَفِّسَ ʔunaffisa	تُنَفِّسَ tunaffisa	يُنَفِّسَ yunaffisa	تُنَفِّسَا tunaffisā	يُنَفِّسَا yunaffisā	نُنَفِّسَ nunaffisa	تُنَفِّسُوا tunaffisū	يُنَفِّسُوا yunaffisū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُنَفِّسَ ʔunaffisa	تُنَفِّسِي tunaffisī	تُنَفِّسَ tunaffisa	تُنَفِّسَا tunaffisā	تُنَفِّسَا tunaffisā	نُنَفِّسَ nunaffisa	تُنَفِّسْنَ tunaffisna	يُنَفِّسْنَ yunaffisna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُنَفِّسْ ʔunaffis	تُنَفِّسْ tunaffis	يُنَفِّسْ yunaffis	تُنَفِّسَا tunaffisā	يُنَفِّسَا yunaffisā	نُنَفِّسْ nunaffis	تُنَفِّسُوا tunaffisū	يُنَفِّسُوا yunaffisū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُنَفِّسْ ʔunaffis	تُنَفِّسِي tunaffisī	تُنَفِّسْ tunaffis	تُنَفِّسَا tunaffisā	تُنَفِّسَا tunaffisā	نُنَفِّسْ nunaffis	تُنَفِّسْنَ tunaffisna	يُنَفِّسْنَ yunaffisna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		نَفِّسْ naffis		نَفِّسَا naffisā			نَفِّسُوا naffisū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		نَفِّسِي naffisī		نَفِّسَا naffisā			نَفِّسْنَ naffisna

passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	نُفِّسْتُ nuffistu	نُفِّسْتَ nuffista	نُفِّسَ nuffisa	نُفِّسْتُمَا nuffistumā	نُفِّسَا nuffisā	نُفِّسْنَا nuffisnā	نُفِّسْتُمْ nuffistum	نُفِّسُوا nuffisū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	نُفِّسْتُ nuffistu	نُفِّسْتِ nuffisti	نُفِّسَتْ nuffisat	نُفِّسْتُمَا nuffistumā	نُفِّسَتَا nuffisatā	نُفِّسْنَا nuffisnā	نُفِّسْتُنَّ nuffistunna	نُفِّسْنَ nuffisna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُنَفَّسُ ʔunaffasu	تُنَفَّسُ tunaffasu	يُنَفَّسُ yunaffasu	تُنَفَّسَانِ tunaffasāni	يُنَفَّسَانِ yunaffasāni	نُنَفَّسُ nunaffasu	تُنَفَّسُونَ tunaffasūna	يُنَفَّسُونَ yunaffasūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُنَفَّسُ ʔunaffasu	تُنَفَّسِينَ tunaffasīna	تُنَفَّسُ tunaffasu	تُنَفَّسَانِ tunaffasāni	تُنَفَّسَانِ tunaffasāni	نُنَفَّسُ nunaffasu	تُنَفَّسْنَ tunaffasna	يُنَفَّسْنَ yunaffasna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُنَفَّسَ ʔunaffasa	تُنَفَّسَ tunaffasa	يُنَفَّسَ yunaffasa	تُنَفَّسَا tunaffasā	يُنَفَّسَا yunaffasā	نُنَفَّسَ nunaffasa	تُنَفَّسُوا tunaffasū	يُنَفَّسُوا yunaffasū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُنَفَّسَ ʔunaffasa	تُنَفَّسِي tunaffasī	تُنَفَّسَ tunaffasa	تُنَفَّسَا tunaffasā	تُنَفَّسَا tunaffasā	نُنَفَّسَ nunaffasa	تُنَفَّسْنَ tunaffasna	يُنَفَّسْنَ yunaffasna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُنَفَّسْ ʔunaffas	تُنَفَّسْ tunaffas	يُنَفَّسْ yunaffas	تُنَفَّسَا tunaffasā	يُنَفَّسَا yunaffasā	نُنَفَّسْ nunaffas	تُنَفَّسُوا tunaffasū	يُنَفَّسُوا yunaffasū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُنَفَّسْ ʔunaffas	تُنَفَّسِي tunaffasī	تُنَفَّسْ tunaffas	تُنَفَّسَا tunaffasā	تُنَفَّسَا tunaffasā	نُنَفَّسْ nunaffas	تُنَفَّسْنَ tunaffasna	يُنَفَّسْنَ yunaffasna

Etymology 2.1

From Proto-Semitic *napš-.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /nafs/

Noun

نَفْس • (nafs) f (plural نُفُوس (nufūs) or أَنْفُس (ʔanfus))

self
1. (plural أَنْفُس (ʔanfus)) in idafa with an enclitic pronoun attached to it
  نَفْسُهُ ― nafsuhu ― himself
  1. (plural أَنْفُس (ʔanfus)) as reflexive
    قَتَلَ نَفْسَهُ ― qatala nafsahu ― He killed himself.
    
    رَأَيْتُ نَفْسِي فِي ٱلْمِرْآةِ ― raʔaytu nafsī fī l-mirʔāti ― I saw myself in the mirror.
  2. (plural أَنْفُس (ʔanfus)) as emphatic
    جَاءَنِي هُوَ نَفْسُهُ.
    jāʔanī huwa nafsuhu.
    He came to me himself or in person.
    - a. 1360, Ibn Hishām Al-Ansāriyy, Sharh Qatr Al-Nadā Wa-Ball Al-Sadā:
      وَأَمَّا قَوْلُ ٱلْعَرَبِ: «اِتَّقَى ٱللَّهَ ٱمْرُؤٌ فَعَلَ خَيْرًا يُثَبْ عَلَيْهِ» بِٱلْجَزْمِ، فَوَجْهُهُ أَنَّ «ٱتَّقَى ٱللَّهَ» وَ«فَعَلَ خَيْرًا» وَإِنْ كَانَا فِعْلَيْنِ مَاضِيَيْنِ ظَاهِرُهُمَا ٱلْخَبَرُ، إِلَّا أَنَّ ٱلْمُرَادَ بِهِمَا ٱلطَّلَبُ، وَٱلْمَعْنَى: لِيَتَّقِ ٱللَّهَ ٱمْرُؤٌ وَلْيَفْعَلْ خَيْرًا، وَكَذَٰلِكَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿یَـٰۤأَیُّهَا ٱلَّذِینَ ءَامَنُوا۟ هَلۡ أَدُلُّكُمۡ عَلَىٰ تِجَـٰرَةࣲ تُنجِیكُم مِّنۡ عَذَابٍ أَلِیمࣲ ۝١٠ تُؤۡمِنُونَ بِٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦ وَتُجَـٰهِدُونَ فِی سَبِیلِ ٱللَّهِ بِأَمۡوَ ٰ⁠لِكُمۡ وَأَنفُسِكُمۡۚ ذَ ٰ⁠لِكُمۡ خَیۡرࣱ لَّكُمۡ إِن كُنتُمۡ تَعۡلَمُونَ ۝١١ یَغۡفِرۡ لَكُمۡ﴾ فَجَزْمُ يَغْفِرْ لِأَنَّهُ جَوَابٌ لِقَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: ﴿تُؤۡمِنُونَ بِٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦ وَتُجَـٰهِدُونَ﴾ لِكَوْنِهِ فِي مَعْنَى «آمِنُوا وَجَاهِدُوا»، وَلَيْسَ جَوَابًا لِلِٱسْتِفْهَامِ، لِأَنَّ غُفْرَانَ ٱلذُّنُوبِ لَا يَتَسَبَّبُ عَنْ نَفْسِ ٱلدَّلَالَةِ، بَلْ عَنِ ٱلْإِيمَانِ وَٱلْجِهَادِ.
      waʔammā qawlu l-ʕarabi: “ittaqā l-laha mruʔun faʕala ḵayran yuṯab ʕalayhi” bi-l-jazmi, fawajhuhu ʔanna “ttaqā l-laha” wa“faʕala ḵayran” waʔin kānā fiʕlayni māḍiyayni ẓāhiruhumā l-ḵabaru, ʔillā ʔanna l-murāda bihimā ṭ-ṭalabu, wal-maʕnā: liyattaqi l-laha mruʔun walyafʕal ḵayran, wakaḏālika qawluhu taʕālā: “yā ʔayyuhā llaḏīna ʔāmanū hal ʔadullukum ʕalā tijāratin tunjīkum min ʕaḏābin ʔalīmin? tuʔminūna bi-l-lāhi warasūlihī watujāhidūna fī sabīli l-lahi biʔamwālikum waʔanfusikum; ḏālikum ḵayrun lakum ʔin kuntum taʕlamūna, yaḡfir lakum” fajazmu yaḡfir liʔannahu jawābun liqawlihi taʕālā: “tuʔminūna bi-l-lahi warasūlihī watujāhidūna” likawnihi fī maʕnā “ʔāminū wajāhidū”, walaysa jawāban lilistifhāmi, liʔanna ḡufrāna ḏ-ḏunūbi lā yatasabbabu ʕan nafsi d-dalālati, bal ʕani l-ʔīmāni wal-jihādi.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
same used in the construct state, with a modifying noun in the genitive, or after the noun with an enclitic pronoun attached to it
نَفْسُ ٱلشَّيْءِ ― nafsu š-šayʔi ― the same thing

فِي نَفْسِ ٱلْيَوْمِ، فِي ٱلْيَوْمِ نَفْسِهِ
fī nafsi l-yawmi, fī l-yawmi nafsihi
on the same day
consciousness
psyche, mind
spirit, soul
life, breath
essence, nature
inclination, appetite, proclivity
personal identity

Inflection

Inflected forms

base form					نَفْسُ (nafsu)
Personal-pronoun including forms
	singular		dual	plural
	m	f	dual	m	f
1^st person	نَفْسِي (nafsī)		أَنْفُسُنَا (ʔanfusunā)
2^nd person	نَفْسُكَ (nafsuka)	نَفْسُكِ (nafsuki)	أَنْفُسُكُمَا (ʔanfusukumā)	أَنْفُسُكُمْ (ʔanfusukum)	أَنْفُسُكُنَّ (ʔanfusukunna)
3^rd person	نَفْسُهُ (nafsuhu)	نَفْسُهَا (nafsuhā)	أَنْفُسُهُمَا (ʔanfusuhumā)	أَنْفُسُهُمْ (ʔanfusuhum)	أَنْفُسُهُنَّ (ʔanfusuhunna)

Inflected forms

base form					نَفْسَ (nafsa)
Personal-pronoun including forms
	singular		dual	plural
	m	f	dual	m	f
1^st person	نَفْسِي (nafsī)		أَنْفُسَنَا (ʔanfusanā)
2^nd person	نَفْسَكَ (nafsaka)	نَفْسَكِ (nafsaki)	أَنْفُسَكُمَا (ʔanfusakumā)	أَنْفُسَكُمْ (ʔanfusakum)	أَنْفُسَكُنَّ (ʔanfusakunna)
3^rd person	نَفْسَهُ (nafsahu)	نَفْسَهَا (nafsahā)	أَنْفُسَهُمَا (ʔanfusahumā)	أَنْفُسَهُمْ (ʔanfusahum)	أَنْفُسَهُنَّ (ʔanfusahunna)

Inflected forms

base form					نَفْسِ (nafsi)
Personal-pronoun including forms
	singular		dual	plural
	m	f	dual	m	f
1^st person	نَفْسِي (nafsī)		أَنْفُسِنَا (ʔanfusinā)
2^nd person	نَفْسِكَ (nafsika)	نَفْسِكِ (nafsiki)	أَنْفُسِكُمَا (ʔanfusikumā)	أَنْفُسِكُمْ (ʔanfusikum)	أَنْفُسِكُنَّ (ʔanfusikunna)
3^rd person	نَفْسِهِ (nafsihi)	نَفْسِهَا (nafsihā)	أَنْفُسِهِمَا (ʔanfusihimā)	أَنْفُسِهِمْ (ʔanfusihim)	أَنْفُسِهِنَّ (ʔanfusihinna)

Declension

Declension of noun **نَفْس** (nafs)
singular	basic singular triptote
singular	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	نَفْس nafs	النَّفْس an-nafs	نَفْس nafs
nominative	نَفْسٌ nafsun	النَّفْسُ an-nafsu	نَفْسُ nafsu
accusative	نَفْسًا nafsan	النَّفْسَ an-nafsa	نَفْسَ nafsa
genitive	نَفْسٍ nafsin	النَّفْسِ an-nafsi	نَفْسِ nafsi
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	نَفْسَيْن nafsayn	النَّفْسَيْن an-nafsayn	نَفْسَيْ nafsay
nominative	نَفْسَانِ nafsāni	النَّفْسَانِ an-nafsāni	نَفْسَا nafsā
accusative	نَفْسَيْنِ nafsayni	النَّفْسَيْنِ an-nafsayni	نَفْسَيْ nafsay
genitive	نَفْسَيْنِ nafsayni	النَّفْسَيْنِ an-nafsayni	نَفْسَيْ nafsay
plural	basic broken plural triptote
plural	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	نُفُوس‎; أَنْفُس nufūs‎; ʔanfus	النُّفُوس‎; الْأَنْفُس an-nufūs‎; al-ʔanfus	نُفُوس‎; أَنْفُس nufūs‎; ʔanfus
nominative	نُفُوسٌ‎; أَنْفُسٌ nufūsun‎; ʔanfusun	النُّفُوسُ‎; الْأَنْفُسُ an-nufūsu‎; al-ʔanfusu	نُفُوسُ‎; أَنْفُسُ nufūsu‎; ʔanfusu
accusative	نُفُوسًا‎; أَنْفُسًا nufūsan‎; ʔanfusan	النُّفُوسَ‎; الْأَنْفُسَ an-nufūsa‎; al-ʔanfusa	نُفُوسَ‎; أَنْفُسَ nufūsa‎; ʔanfusa
genitive	نُفُوسٍ‎; أَنْفُسٍ nufūsin‎; ʔanfusin	النُّفُوسِ‎; الْأَنْفُسِ an-nufūsi‎; al-ʔanfusi	نُفُوسِ‎; أَنْفُسِ nufūsi‎; ʔanfusi

Synonyms

(emphatic): عَيْن (ʕayn)

Derived terms

بِنَفْسِهِ (binafsihi, “himself, in person, personally”)
صَغِيرُ ٱلنَّفْسِ (ṣaḡīru n-nafsi, “base-minded, low-minded”, literally “small of mind”)
عِلْمُ ٱلنَّفْسِ (ʕilmu n-nafsi, “psychology”)
كَبِيرُ ٱلنَّفْسِ (kabīru n-nafsi, “high-minded, proud”, literally “big of mind”)
مِنْ نَفْسِهِ (min nafsihi, “of his own accord”)
نَفْسِيّ (nafsiyy)
- نَفْسِيَّة (nafsiyya)

Etymology 2.2

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /nafs/

Noun

نَفْس • (nafs) m (plural نُفُوس (nufūs) or أَنْفُس (ʔanfus))

living creature, living being, human being, person

Declension

Declension of noun **نَفْس** (nafs)
singular	basic singular triptote
singular	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	نَفْس nafs	النَّفْس an-nafs	نَفْس nafs
nominative	نَفْسٌ nafsun	النَّفْسُ an-nafsu	نَفْسُ nafsu
accusative	نَفْسًا nafsan	النَّفْسَ an-nafsa	نَفْسَ nafsa
genitive	نَفْسٍ nafsin	النَّفْسِ an-nafsi	نَفْسِ nafsi
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	نَفْسَيْن nafsayn	النَّفْسَيْن an-nafsayn	نَفْسَيْ nafsay
nominative	نَفْسَانِ nafsāni	النَّفْسَانِ an-nafsāni	نَفْسَا nafsā
accusative	نَفْسَيْنِ nafsayni	النَّفْسَيْنِ an-nafsayni	نَفْسَيْ nafsay
genitive	نَفْسَيْنِ nafsayni	النَّفْسَيْنِ an-nafsayni	نَفْسَيْ nafsay
plural	basic broken plural triptote
plural	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	نُفُوس‎; أَنْفُس nufūs‎; ʔanfus	النُّفُوس‎; الْأَنْفُس an-nufūs‎; al-ʔanfus	نُفُوس‎; أَنْفُس nufūs‎; ʔanfus
nominative	نُفُوسٌ‎; أَنْفُسٌ nufūsun‎; ʔanfusun	النُّفُوسُ‎; الْأَنْفُسُ an-nufūsu‎; al-ʔanfusu	نُفُوسُ‎; أَنْفُسُ nufūsu‎; ʔanfusu
accusative	نُفُوسًا‎; أَنْفُسًا nufūsan‎; ʔanfusan	النُّفُوسَ‎; الْأَنْفُسَ an-nufūsa‎; al-ʔanfusa	نُفُوسَ‎; أَنْفُسَ nufūsa‎; ʔanfusa
genitive	نُفُوسٍ‎; أَنْفُسٍ nufūsin‎; ʔanfusin	النُّفُوسِ‎; الْأَنْفُسِ an-nufūsi‎; al-ʔanfusi	نُفُوسِ‎; أَنْفُسِ nufūsi‎; ʔanfusi

Etymology 2.3

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /na.fas/
Audio: (file)

Noun

نَفَس • (nafas) m (plural أَنْفَاس (ʔanfās))

verbal noun of نَفِسَ (nafisa) (form I)
verbal noun of نَفُسَ (nafusa) (form I)
breath
puff, draw (of smoke)
gulp, draught
freedom, liberty, convenience, discretion

Declension

Declension of noun **نَفَس** (nafas)
singular	basic singular triptote
singular	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	نَفَس nafas	النَّفَس an-nafas	نَفَس nafas
nominative	نَفَسٌ nafasun	النَّفَسُ an-nafasu	نَفَسُ nafasu
accusative	نَفَسًا nafasan	النَّفَسَ an-nafasa	نَفَسَ nafasa
genitive	نَفَسٍ nafasin	النَّفَسِ an-nafasi	نَفَسِ nafasi
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	نَفَسَيْن nafasayn	النَّفَسَيْن an-nafasayn	نَفَسَيْ nafasay
nominative	نَفَسَانِ nafasāni	النَّفَسَانِ an-nafasāni	نَفَسَا nafasā
accusative	نَفَسَيْنِ nafasayni	النَّفَسَيْنِ an-nafasayni	نَفَسَيْ nafasay
genitive	نَفَسَيْنِ nafasayni	النَّفَسَيْنِ an-nafasayni	نَفَسَيْ nafasay
plural	basic broken plural triptote
plural	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	أَنْفَاس ʔanfās	الْأَنْفَاس al-ʔanfās	أَنْفَاس ʔanfās
nominative	أَنْفَاسٌ ʔanfāsun	الْأَنْفَاسُ al-ʔanfāsu	أَنْفَاسُ ʔanfāsu
accusative	أَنْفَاسًا ʔanfāsan	الْأَنْفَاسَ al-ʔanfāsa	أَنْفَاسَ ʔanfāsa
genitive	أَنْفَاسٍ ʔanfāsin	الْأَنْفَاسِ al-ʔanfāsi	أَنْفَاسِ ʔanfāsi

Descendants

Maltese: nifs
→ Azerbaijani: nəfəs
→ Armenian: նաֆաս (nafas), նաֆս (nafs)
→ Baluchi: نپس (napas)
→ Khalaj: nəfəs
→ Malay: nafas
- Indonesian: napas, nonstandard Indonesian
  - → Amahai: napas
- → Tausug: napas
→ Persian: نفس (nafas)
→ Swahili: nafasi
→ Ottoman Turkish: نفس (nefes)
> Turkish: nefes (inherited)
→ Uyghur: نەپەس (nepes)
→ Uzbek: nafas

Etymology 3

Verb

نفس (form I)

نَفْسُ (nafsu) /naf.su/: first-person plural non-past active jussive of فَسَا (fasā)
نُفْسَ (nufsa) /nuf.sa/: first-person plural non-past passive jussive of فَسَا (fasā)

References

Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “نفس”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎ (in French), volume 2, Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 700–701
Freytag, Georg (1837) “نفس”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), volume 4, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 313
Wehr, Hans (1979) “نفس”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, pages 1155–1556

Khalaj

Noun

نَفَس (nəfəs) (definite accusative نَفَسی, plural نَفَسلَر)

Arabic spelling of nəfəs (“breath”)

Declension

Declension of
	singular	plural
nominative	نفس	نفسلَر
genitive	نفسۆݧ	نفسلَریݧ
dative	نفسکه	نفسلَرکه
definite accusative	نفسۆ	نفسلَری
locative	نفسچه	نفسلَرچه
ablative	نفسده	نفسلَرده
instrumental	نفسله	نفسلَرله
equative	نفسوارا	نفسلَروارا

Malay

Noun

نفس (plural نفس-نفس or نفس٢)

Jawi spelling of nafas.‎‎

Moroccan Arabic

Root
ن ف س
1 term

Etymology 1

From Arabic نَفَّسَ (naffasa).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /naf.fas/

Verb

نفس • (naffas) II (non-past ينفس (ynaffas))

to vent, to air
to let out air
to fart on (someone)
نفستينا يا صاحبي! ― naffastīna ya sāḥbi ― You farted on us, dude!

Conjugation

Conjugation of **نفس**
		singular			plural
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
past	m	نفّست (naffast)	نفّستي (naffasti)	نفّس (naffas)	نفّسنا (naffasna)	نفّستوا (naffastu)	نفّسوا (naffsu)
past	f	نفّست (naffast)	نفّستي (naffasti)	نفّست (naffsāt)	نفّسنا (naffasna)	نفّستوا (naffastu)	نفّسوا (naffsu)
non-past	m	ننفّس (nnaffas)	تنفّس (tnaffas)	ينفّس (ynaffas)	ننفّسوا (nnaffsu)	تنفّسوا (tnaffsu)	ينفّسوا (ynaffsu)
non-past	f	ننفّس (nnaffas)	تنفّسي (tnaffsi)	تنفّس (tnaffas)	ننفّسوا (nnaffsu)	تنفّسوا (tnaffsu)	ينفّسوا (ynaffsu)
imperative	m		نفّس (naffas)			نفّسوا (naffsu)
imperative	f		نفّسي (naffsi)			نفّسوا (naffsu)

Etymology 2

From Arabic نَفْس (nafs).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /nafs/
Audio: (file)

Noun

نفس • (nafs) m

same used in the construct state, with a modifying noun, or after the noun with an enclitic pronoun attached to it
نفس الشي ― nafs eš-ši ― the same thing

فنفس اليوم، فاليوم نفسه ― f-nafs el-yūm, f-el-yūm nafsu ― on the same day
life, breath
inclination, appetite, proclivity

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic نَفَس (nafas, “breath; soul”).

Noun

نفس • (nefes) (plural انفاس)

breath, the act or process of breathing
Synonyms: باد (bâd), دم (dam), صولوق (soluk)
the time of one breath, a brief moment of time
soul, the spirit of a person that lives on after one's death
Synonyms: اوز (öz), تن (tin), جان (can), روح (ruh), زات (zat)
self, one's individual personality, character or disposition
essence of anything, its very substance or reality

Derived terms

بالق نفسی (balık nefesi, “spermaceti”)
تك نفس (tek nefes, “asthma”)
صوڭ نفس (son nefes, “the moment just before death”)
ضیق النفس (dıyku'n-nefes, “asthma”)
ضیق نفس (dıyk-ı nefes, “asthma”)
نفس آلمق (nefes almak, “to breathe”)
نفس طارلغی (nefes darlığı, “asthma”)
نفس ویرمك (nefes vermek, “to exhale”)

Descendants

Turkish: nefes

Persian

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic نَفَس (nafas).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /na.ˈfas/

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key):
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key):
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key):

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key):

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key):

Readings
Classical reading^?	nafas
Dari reading^?	nafas
Iranian reading^?	nafas
Tajik reading^?	nafas

Noun

نفس • (nafas) (plural نفس‌ها (nafas-hā / nafas-hâ), or انفاس (anfâs), Tajik spelling нафас)

breath

Related terms

تنفس (tanaffos)
نفس کشیدن (nafas kešidan)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic نَفْس (nafs).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈnafs/

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key):
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key):
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key):

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key):

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key):

Readings
Classical reading^?	nafs
Dari reading^?	nafs
Iranian reading^?	nafs
Tajik reading^?	nafs

Noun

نفس • (nafs) (plural نفس‌ها (nafs-hā / nafs-hâ), or نفوس (nofus), Tajik spelling нафс)

self
(usually Islam, Sufism) soul, psyche, spirit, mind (split into multiple categories in Sufi psychology)
(usually Islam, Sufism) the carnal soul, the id, concupiscence
- c. 1260, Saʿdī, دیوان سعدی ‎:
  یار از برای نفس گرفتن طریق نیست
  ما نفْس خویشتن بکُشیم از برای یار
  yār az barā-yi nafs giriftan tarīq nēst
  mā nafs-e xwēštan bikušēm az barā-yi yār
  It is not the way to have a lover for the sake of concupiscence;
  We kill our carnal soul for the sake of the lover.
  (Classical Persian transliteration)

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ن ف س
2 terms

Etymology 1

From Arabic نَفْس (nafs).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /nafs/,
Audio (Ramallah): (file)

Noun

نفس • (nafs) m (plural أنفس (ʔanfos) or نفوس (nufūs))

soul, spirit, psyche, mind
desire, appetite
Synonym: شهيّة (šahiyye)

Pronoun

نفس • (nafs-)

(with personal suffix) -self, -selves (reflexive pronoun)
Synonym: حال (ḥāl-)

أقنعت نفسي. ― ʔaqnaʕt nafsi ― I convinced myself.

المشية ممكن تسمعوها ب أكتر من اسم، بس إحنا تركيزنا ع الحركة نفسها.
il-mašye mumken tismaʕūha bi-ʔaktar min ism, bas ʔeḥna tarkīzna ʕal-ḥarake nafsha
You can hear "il-Mashye" go by more than one name, but our focus is on the move itself.

Inflection

Inflection of **نفس**

base form			نفس (nafs)
Personal-pronoun including forms
	singular		plural
	m	f	plural
1^st person	نفسي (nafsi)		نفسنا (nafsna)
2^nd person	نفسك (nafsak)	نفسك (nafsek)	نفسكم (nafskom)
3^rd person	نفسه (nafso)	نفسها (nafsha)	نفسهم (nafshom)

Preposition

نفس • (nafs)

same
هادا نفس الشي. ― hāda nafs iš-šī ― That's the same thing.

Etymology 2

From Arabic نَفَّسَ (naffasa).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /naf.fas/,
Audio (al-Lidd): (file)

Verb

نفّس • (naffas) I (present بنفّس (binaffes))

to breathe out, to exhale
Antonym: تنفّس (tnaffas)
(intransitive) to deflate

Conjugation

Conjugation of **نفس**
		singular			plural
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
past	m	نفّست (naffast)	نفّست (naffast)	نفّس (naffas)	نفّسنا (naffasna)	نفّستو (naffastu)	نفّسو (naffasu)
past	f	نفّست (naffast)	نفّستي (naffasti)	نفّست (naffasat)	نفّسنا (naffasna)	نفّستو (naffastu)	نفّسو (naffasu)
present	m	بنفّس (banaffis)	بتنفّس (bitnaffis)	بنفّس (binaffis)	مننفّس (minnaffis)	بتنفّسو (bitnaffsu)	بنفّسو (binaffsu)
present	f	بنفّس (banaffis)	بتنفّسي (bitnaffsi)	بتنفّس (bitnaffis)	مننفّس (minnaffis)	بتنفّسو (bitnaffsu)	بنفّسو (binaffsu)
subjunctive	m	انفّس (anaffis)	تنفّس (tnaffis)	ينفّس (ynaffis)	ننفّس (nnaffis)	تنفّسو (tnaffsu)	ينفّسو (ynaffsu)
subjunctive	f	انفّس (anaffis)	تنفّسي (tnaffsi)	تنفّس (tnaffis)	ننفّس (nnaffis)	تنفّسو (tnaffsu)	ينفّسو (ynaffsu)
imperative	m		نفّس (naffis)			نفّسو (naffsu)
imperative	f		نفّسي (naffsi)			نفّسو (naffsu)

Etymology 3

From Arabic نَفَس (nafas).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /na.fas/,
Audio (Ramallah): (file)

Noun

نفس • (nafas) m

breathing, breath
nargileh, hookah, water pipe
Synonym: أرجيلة (ʔargīle)

Arabic

Etymology 1.1

Verb

Conjugation

Etymology 1.2

Verb

Conjugation

Verb

Conjugation

Verb

Conjugation

Etymology 1.3

Verb

Conjugation

Etymology 2.1

Pronunciation

Noun

Inflection

Declension

Synonyms

Derived terms

Etymology 2.2

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Etymology 2.3

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Descendants

Etymology 3

Verb

References

Khalaj

Noun

Declension

Malay

Noun

Moroccan Arabic

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Noun

Derived terms

Descendants

Further reading

Persian

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

Related terms

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

Further reading

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

Pronoun

Inflection

Preposition

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Noun

Wikious

Boobota

Sagapedia