京都

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Chinese

capital; Beijing (abbrev.)
metropolis; capital city; all
metropolis; capital city; all; both (if two things are involved); entirely; even; already
 
simp. and trad.
(京都) 		京 都

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Note:
  • kiaⁿ-to͘ - vernacular;
  • keng-to͘ - literary.
    Rime
    Character 京 都
    Reading # 1/1 1/1
    Initial (聲) 見 (28) 端 (5)
    Final (韻) 庚 (111) 模 (23)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open Open
    Division (等) III I
    Fanqie 舉卿切 當孤切
    Baxter kjaeng tu
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/kˠiæŋ/ /tuo/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/kᵚiaŋ/ /tuo/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/kiaŋ/ /to/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/kiajŋ/ /tɔ/
    Li
    Rong         		/kiɐŋ/ /to/
    Wang
    Li         		/kĭɐŋ/ /tu/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren         		/ki̯ɐŋ/ /tuo/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		jīng dū
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		ging1 dou1

    Noun

    京都

    1. (literary) capital city (of a country)
    Usage notes

    When translating the English term capital city, use 首都 (shǒudū) when referring to the capital of a country, 首府 (shǒufǔ) when referring to the capital of a state or autonomous region, and 省會／省会 (shěnghuì) when referring to the capital of a province. Alternative terms for the capital of a country include 國都／国都 (guódū), 京城 (jīngchéng), 京都 (jīngdū), 京邑 (jīngyì) and 都城 (dūchéng) all of which are more commonly used in literary language.

    Synonyms
    Derived terms
    Descendants
    Sino-Xenic (京都):
    • → Japanese: 京都(きょうと) (Kyōto)
    See also

    Etymology 2

    Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 京都 (Kyōto).

    Pronunciation

    Proper noun

    京都

    1. (～市) Kyoto (a city in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan)
    2. (～府) Kyoto (a prefecture of Japan)

    Japanese

    Kanji in this term
    京 都
    きょう
    Grade: 2     		と
    Grade: 3
    goon kan'on
    Alternative spelling
    京都 (kyūjitai)

    Etymology

    /kjauto/ → /kjɔːto/ → /kjoːto/

    From Middle Chinese 京都 (kˠiæŋ tuo, literally “capital city”).

    Pronunciation

    • Historical evolution of the Kyoto pitch accent
    ※ H for high and flat syllables (◌́), L for low and flat syllables (◌̀), F for high-to-low syllables (◌̂), R for low-to-high syllables (◌̌).
    ※ References: [1]

    Proper noun

    京(きょう)都(と) • (Kyōto) ←きやうと (Kyauto)?

    1. a placename, especially:
      1. Short for 京都府 (Kyōto-fu): Kyoto, Kyoto Prefecture (a prefecture of Japan)
      2. Short for 京都市 (Kyōto-shi): Kyoto (the capital city of Kyoto Prefecture, Japan)
        Synonyms: 京 (Kyō), 京の都 (Kyō no miyako)
    2. a surname
    3. a female given name

    Derived terms

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    See also

    References

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 “きょうと［キャウト］ 【京都】Paid subscription required”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here

    Okinawan

    Kanji in this term
    京 都
    Grade: 2 Grade: 3
    Alternative spelling
    京都 (kyūjitai)

    Etymology

    From Japanese 京都 (Kyōto).

    Pronunciation

    Proper noun

    京都(ちょーとぅ) (Chōtu) 

    1. Kyoto (a prefecture of Japan)
    2. Kyoto (the capital city of Kyoto Prefecture, Japan)

    References

    Vietnamese

    chữ Hán Nôm in this term
    京都

    Proper noun

    京都

    1. chữ Hán form of Kinh Đô (“Kyoto”)., a prefecture of Japan
    2. chữ Hán form of Kinh Đô (“Kyoto”)., the capital city of Kyoto Prefecture, Japan
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