居

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居 U+5C45, 居
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5C45
← 屄
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 屆 →

Translingual

Stroke order
8 strokes

Han character

居 (Kangxi radical 44, 尸+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 尸十口 (SJR), four-corner 77264, composition ⿸尸古)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 300, character 30
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7663
  • Dae Jaweon: page 597, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 968, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+5C45

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 居
alternative forms
凥
㝒
𡨢
㞐
𧿃
凥
㝒
𡨢
㞐
𧿃
𢨶
 

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 居
Spring and Autumn Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (古) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
箇 *kaːls
個 *kaːls
居 *kɯ, *kas
橭 *kaː, *kʰaː
嫴 *kaː
姑 *kaː
辜 *kaː
酤 *kaː, *kaːs, *ɡaːʔ
蛄 *kaː
鴣 *kaː
沽 *kaː, *kaːʔ, *kaːs
盬 *kaː, *kaːʔ
古 *kaːʔ
罟 *kaːʔ
估 *kaːʔ
鈷 *kaːʔ
詁 *kaːʔ
牯 *kaːʔ
故 *kaːs
固 *kaːs
稒 *kaːɡs
痼 *kaːɡs
錮 *kaːɡs
鯝 *kaːɡs
棝 *kaːɡs
凅 *kaːɡs
枯 *kʰaː
軲 *kʰaː
跍 *kʰaː
骷 *kʰaː
苦 *kʰaːʔ, *kʰaːs
葫 *qʰaː, *ɡaː
餬 *ɡaː
瑚 *ɡaː
湖 *ɡaː
鶘 *ɡaː
猢 *ɡaː
醐 *ɡaː
糊 *ɡaː
箶 *ɡaː
蝴 *ɡaː
胡 *ɡaː
瓳 *ɡaː
怙 *ɡaːʔ
祜 *ɡaːʔ
岵 *ɡaːʔ
婟 *ɡaːʔ, *ɡaːɡs
楛 *ɡaːʔ
据 *ka
裾 *ka
琚 *ka
椐 *ka, *kas, *kʰa
鶋 *ka
蜛 *ka
崌 *ka
涺 *ka
腒 *ka, *ɡa
鋸 *kas
倨 *kas
踞 *kas
涸 *ɡaːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kɯ, *kas): semantic 尸 + phonetic 古 (OC *kaːʔ).

Pronunciation 1

Note:
  • ge1 - Chaozhou, Shantou, Chenghai, Jieyang;
  • gu1 - Chaoyang.
Note: 1ke is vernacular.
Rime
Character 居
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 魚 (22)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 九魚切
Baxter kjo
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kɨʌ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kiɔ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kiɔ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kɨə̆/
Li
Rong 		/kiɔ/
Wang
Li 		/kĭo/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ki̯wo/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jū
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		geoi1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 居 居
Reading # 1/3 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		jū jū
Middle
Chinese 		‹ kjo › ‹ kjoH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*k(r)a/ /*k(r)a-s/ (based on rhyme evidence)
English squat; stay, dwell dwelling

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 居
Reading # 2/2
No. 4264
Phonetic
component 		古
Rime
group 		魚
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		居
Old
Chinese 		/*kas/

Definitions

居

  1. to live; to dwell; to reside
  2. to occupy (a place or position); to be located at; to rank
  3. to stay put; to sit down
  4. to store up; to stockpile
  5. to claim
  6. house; residence; dwelling
  7. restaurant
  8. 39th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "residence" (𝌬)
  9. a surname

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Rime
Character 居
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 之 (19)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 居之切
Baxter ki
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kɨ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kɨ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kie/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kɨ/
Li
Rong 		/kiə/
Wang
Li 		/kĭə/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ki/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jī
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		gei1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 居
Reading # 2/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		jū
Middle
Chinese 		‹ kjo ›
Old
Chinese 		/*ka/
English final particle

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 居
Reading # 1/2
No. 4209
Phonetic
component 		古
Rime
group 		之
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		姬
Old
Chinese 		/*kɯ/

Definitions

居

  1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) A modal particle.

Compounds

Pronunciation 3

Definitions

居

  1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 倨 (jù, “haughty”)
    羔裘豹袪、自我人居居。
    From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Gāoqiú bàoqū, zì wǒ rén jūjū.
    Lamb's fur and leopard's cuffs, you use us with unkindness.

References

Japanese

Kanji

居

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. to sit

Readings

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
居
きょ
Grade: 5
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 居 (kjo).

Pronunciation

Noun

居(きょ) • (kyo) ←きよ (kyo)?

  1. residence

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
居
い
Grade: 5
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

居(い) • (i) ←ゐ (wi)?

  1. being (in a place), sitting (in a place); a seat
Derived terms

Verb

居(い) • (i) 

  1. imperfective and stem (or continuative) forms of いる (iru)

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

居 • (geo, gi) (hangeul 거, 기)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

居: Hán Nôm readings: cư

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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