cár

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "car"

Hungarian

 cár on Hungarian Wikipedia

Etymology

From Russian царь (carʹ), from Old Church Slavonic цѣсарь (cěsarĭ), ultimately from Latin Caesar.

Pronunciation

Noun

cár (plural cárok)

  1. tsar, czar, tzar

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative cár cárok
accusative cárt cárokat
dative cárnak cároknak
instrumental cárral cárokkal
causal-final cárért cárokért
translative cárrá cárokká
terminative cárig cárokig
essive-formal cárként cárokként
essive-modal — —
inessive cárban cárokban
superessive cáron cárokon
adessive cárnál cároknál
illative cárba cárokba
sublative cárra cárokra
allative cárhoz cárokhoz
elative cárból cárokból
delative cárról cárokról
ablative cártól cároktól
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		cáré cároké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		cáréi cárokéi
Possessive forms of cár
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. cárom cárjaim
2nd person sing. cárod cárjaid
3rd person sing. cárja cárjai
1st person plural cárunk cárjaink
2nd person plural cárotok cárjaitok
3rd person plural cárjuk cárjaik

Derived terms

Compound words

Related terms

Further reading

  • cár in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
  • cár in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)

Anagrams

Irish

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

cár m (genitive singular cáir or cárach)

  1. mouth (showing teeth); grin, grimace
  2. (collective) teeth; set of teeth
Declension
Declension of cár

First declension

Bare forms (no plural of this noun)

Case Singular
Nominative cár
Vocative a cháir
Genitive cáir
Dative cár

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular
Nominative an cár
Genitive an cháir
Dative leis an gcár

don chár

Derived terms
  • cáraí m (“grinner, grimacer”)

Etymology 2

From cá +‎ -r.

Adverb

cár

  1. where
    Cár chodail tú aréir? ― Where did you sleep last night?
    Cár chuala tú é sin? ― Where did you hear that?
Usage notes

Used only with the past tense of regular and some irregular verbs. Triggers lenition of a following consonant.

Particle

cár (copular form used before a consonant, present/future form used before a vowel cárb, past/conditional form used before a vowel cárbh)

  1. where is..., what is...
    Cár locht ortsa é? ― What fault is it of yours?
  2. where was/would be..., what was/would be
    Cár thairbhe domsa é? ― What would it profit me?
    Cár chás má dúirt sé é? ― What would it matter if he said it?
Related terms
Irish copular forms
Simple copular forms
Present/future
Affirmative Negative Interrogative Neg. inter.
Main clauses is ní an nach
Direct relative clauses nach
Indirect relative clauses ar, arbv
Other subordinate clauses gur, gurbv an nach
Past/conditional
Affirmative Negative Interrogative Neg. inter.
Main clauses ba, b’v níor, níorbhv ar, arbhv nár, nárbhv
Direct relative clauses ba, abv nár, nárbhv
Indirect relative clauses ar, arbhv
Other subordinate clauses gur, gurbhv ar, arbhv nár, nárbhv
Present subjunctive
Affirmative Negative
gura, gurabv nára, nárabv
    Compound copular forms
Base word Present/future Past/conditional
cá cár, cárbv cár, cárbhv
cé cér, cérbv cér, cérbhv
dá dá mba, dá mb’v
de/do dar, darbv dar, darbhv
faoi faoinar, faoinarbv faoinar, faoinarbhv
i inar, inarbv inar, inarbhv
le lenar, lenarbv lenar, lenarbhv
má más má ba, má b’v
mura mura, murabv murar, murarbhv
ó (prep.) ónar, ónarbv ónar, ónarbhv
ó (conj.) ós ó ba, ó b’v
trí trínar, trínarbv trínar, trínarbhv
v Used before vowel sounds

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
cár chár gcár
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

  1. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 95

Further reading

Slovak

Etymology

Derived from Russian царь (carʹ), from Proto-Slavic *cěsařь, from a Germanic language, from Proto-Germanic *kaisaraz, from Latin Caesar.

Pronunciation

Noun

cár m anim (genitive singular cára, nominative plural cári, genitive plural cárov, declension pattern of chlap)

  1. emperor of Russia
  2. emperor of Bulgaria
  3. czar, tsar, tzar

Declension

Declension of cár
singular plural
nominative cár cári, cárovia
genitive cára cárov
dative cárovi cárom
accusative cára cárov
locative cárovi cároch
instrumental cárom cármi

Derived terms

See also

References

  • “cár”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024
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