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Stroke order | |||
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血 (Kangxi radical 143, 血+0, 6 strokes, cangjie input 竹月廿 (HBT), four-corner 27100, composition ⿱丿皿)
simp. and trad. |
血 | |
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2nd round simp. | ⿱丿𠀃 |
Historical forms of the character 血 | ||||
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Shang | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | |
Oracle bone script | Chu slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : 一 (“drop of blood”) + 皿 (“container”) - a drop of blood inside a chalice for sacrificial uses.
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-hjwəj-t (“blood”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007).
Baxter and Sagart (2014) reconstruct the Old Chinese as *m̥ˤik to account for word-family connections with 脈 (OC *C.mˤ<r>k, “vein”), 衊 (OC *mˤi, “defiled blood”) as well as its use as a phonetic component in 侐 (OC *m̥(r)ik, “still; quiet”), which is in the same word family as 宓 (OC *mi, “quiet; silent”) (Sagart, 1999b; Baxter and Sagart, 2017). Sagart (1999b) argues that this word is not genetically related to the Tibeto-Burman form with *s-hjw-, but that this word has been borrowed into Tibeto-Burman.
Variety | Location | 血 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /ɕiɛ²¹⁴/ |
Harbin | /ɕiɛ²¹³/ /ɕyɛ²¹³/ | |
Tianjin | /ɕie²¹/ /ɕye²¹/ | |
Jinan | /ɕyə²¹³/ 新 /ɕiə²¹³/ | |
Qingdao | /ɕiə⁵⁵/ | |
Zhengzhou | /ɕiɛ²⁴/ | |
Xi'an | /ɕiɛ²¹/ | |
Xining | /ɕi⁴⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /ɕie¹³/ | |
Lanzhou | /ɕyə¹³/ /ɕiə¹³/ | |
Ürümqi | /ɕiɤ²¹³/ | |
Wuhan | /ɕie²¹³/ | |
Chengdu | /ɕye³¹/ | |
Guiyang | /ɕie²¹/ | |
Kunming | /ɕiɛ³¹/ | |
Nanjing | /ɕyeʔ⁵/ | |
Hefei | /ɕyɐʔ⁵/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /ɕyəʔ²/ |
Pingyao | /ɕyʌʔ¹³/ | |
Hohhot | /ɕyaʔ⁴³/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /ɕioʔ⁵/ /ɕyɪʔ⁵/ |
Suzhou | /ɕyəʔ⁵/ | |
Hangzhou | /sz̩ʷəʔ⁵/ | |
Wenzhou | /ɕy²¹³/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /ɕyeʔ²¹/ |
Tunxi | /ɕyɛ⁵/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /ɕie²⁴/ |
Xiangtan | /ɕyæ²⁴/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /ɕyɵʔ⁵/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /hiat̚¹/ |
Taoyuan | /hiet̚²²/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /hyt̚³/ |
Nanning | /hyt̚³³/ | |
Hong Kong | /hyt̚³/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /hiat̚³²/ /huiʔ³²/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /haiʔ²³/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /xuai²⁴/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /hueʔ²/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /hue⁵⁵/ |
血
Variety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 血, 血液 | |
Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 血 |
Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 血 |
Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 血 |
Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 血 |
Wanrong | 血 | |
Xi'an | 血 | |
Xining | 血 | |
Xuzhou | 血 | |
Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 血 |
Lanzhou | 血 | |
Ürümqi | 血 | |
Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 血 |
Wuhan | 血 | |
Guiyang | 血 | |
Liuzhou | 血 | |
Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 血 |
Yangzhou | 血 | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | 血, 蚊飯 humorous, dated |
Hong Kong | 血, 蚊飯 humorous, dated | |
Taishan | 血 | |
Dongguan | 血 | |
Gan | Nanchang | 血 |
Lichuan | 血 | |
Pingxiang | 血 | |
Hakka | Meixian | 血 |
Yudu | 血 | |
Huizhou | Jixi | 血 |
Jin | Taiyuan | 血 |
Xinzhou | 血 | |
Northern Min | Jian'ou | 血 |
Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 血 |
Haikou | 血 | |
Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 血 |
Wu | Shanghai | 血 |
Shanghai (Chongming) | 血 | |
Suzhou | 血 | |
Danyang | 血 | |
Hangzhou | 血 | |
Ningbo | 血 | |
Wenzhou | 血 | |
Jinhua | 血 | |
Xiang | Loudi | 血 |
Kanji in this term |
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血 |
ち Grade: 3 |
kun’yomi |
From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *ti.
From Middle Chinese 血 (MC xwet).
Historical Readings | ||
---|---|---|
Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | ᄒᆑᇙ〮 (Yale: hyyélq) | |
Middle Korean | ||
Text | Eumhun | |
Gloss (hun) | Reading | |
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527 | 피〮 (Yale: phí) | 혈〮 (Yale: hyél) |
From Proto-Ryukyuan *ti, from Proto-Japonic *ti. Cognate with Japanese 血 (chi).
血 (chī)
血: Hán Nôm readings: huyết, hoét, tiết