仇

See also: 讐

仇	U+4EC7, 仇 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4EC7

← 仆

CJK Unified Ideographs

仈 →

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

仇 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 人大弓 (OKN), four-corner 2421₇, composition ⿰亻九)

Derived characters

𠯾, 𮇈, 𰫜, 𨥐, 𦬖, 𰣥, 㖌

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 91, character 15
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 355
Dae Jaweon: page 193, character 7
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 109, character 3
Unihan data for U+4EC7

Chinese

simp. and trad.		仇
alternative forms		讎／雠 “resentment” 㐜

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 仇
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Small seal script s05887 Transcribed ancient scripts L35394
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (九) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
尻	*kʰuː
訄	kʰuː, kʰu, *ɡu
艽	krɯːw, qʰrɯːw, ɡu, ɡʷrɯw
虓	*qʰruː
鳩	*ku
勼	*ku
九	*kuʔ
究	*kus
仇	*ɡu
鼽	*ɡu
犰	*ɡu
叴	*ɡu
厹	*ɡu
頄	ɡu, ɡʷrɯw
朹	ɡu, kʷrɯwʔ
馗	ɡu, ɡʷrɯw
扏	*ɡu
訅	*ɡu
釚	*ɡu
肍	*ɡu
軌	*kʷrɯwʔ
宄	*kʷrɯwʔ
氿	*kʷrɯwʔ
匭	*kʷrɯwʔ
泦	*kuɡ
旭	*qʰʷoɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡu): semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 九 (OC *kuʔ) – spouse.

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): chóu (chou²)

(Zhuyin): ㄔㄡˊ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): sau⁴ / cau⁴

(Taishan, Wiktionary): siu³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): sù

(Hailu, HRS): shiu

(Meixian, Guangdong): su²
Eastern Min (BUC): siù
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): siu²
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): siû

(Teochew, Peng'im): ciu⁵
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶zeu

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: chóu
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄡˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: chóu
  - Wade–Giles: chʻou²
  - Yale: chóu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chour
  - Palladius: чоу (čou)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰoʊ̯³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: sau⁴ / cau⁴
  - Yale: sàuh / chàuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sau⁴ / tsau⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: seo⁴ / ceo⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐu̯²¹/, /t͡sʰɐu̯²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: siu³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /siu²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sù
  - Hakka Romanization System: su^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: su²
  - Sinological IPA: /su¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: shiu
  - Sinological IPA: /ʃiu⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: su²
  - Sinological IPA: /su¹¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: siù
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sieu⁵³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: siu²
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: siú
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬiu¹³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: siu²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬiu²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siû
  - Tâi-lô: siû
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siuu
  - IPA (Xiamen): /siu²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /siu²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /siu¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /siu²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /siu²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ciu⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshiû
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiu⁵⁵/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶zeu
  - MiniDict: zeu^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³zeu
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zɤ²³/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 仇
Mandarin	Beijing	/ʈ͡ʂʰou³⁵/
	Harbin	/ʈ͡ʂʰou²⁴/
	Tianjin	/ʈ͡ʂʰou⁴⁵/ /t͡sʰou⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/ʈ͡ʂʰou⁴²/
	Qingdao	/tʃʰou⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/ʈ͡ʂʰou⁴²/
	Xi'an	/ʈ͡ʂʰou²⁴/
	Xining	/ʈ͡ʂʰɯ²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ʈ͡ʂʰəu⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/ʈ͡ʂʰou⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/ʈ͡ʂʰɤu⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/t͡sʰəu²¹³/
	Chengdu	/t͡sʰəu³¹/
	Guiyang	/t͡sʰəu²¹/ ～恨 /t͡ɕʰiəu²¹/ 姓
	Kunming	/ʈ͡ʂʰəu³¹/
	Nanjing	/ʈ͡ʂʰəɯ²⁴/
	Hefei	/ʈ͡ʂʰɯ⁵⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡sʰəu¹¹/
	Pingyao	/t͡sʰəu¹³/
	Hohhot	/t͡sʰəu³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/zɤ²³/
	Suzhou	/zɤ¹³/
	Hangzhou	/d͡zei²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/d͡ʑɤu³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡ɕʰiu⁴⁴/
Hui	Tunxi	/t͡ɕʰiu⁴⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/ʈ͡ʂəu¹³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/ɖ͡ʐəɯ¹²/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡sʰɨu²⁴/
Hakka	Meixian	/su¹¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/ʃu¹¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/sɐu²¹/
	Nanning	/t͡sʰɐu²¹/
	Hong Kong	/sɐu²¹/ /t͡sʰɐu²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/siu³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/sieu⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/t͡sʰiu²¹/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/t͡sʰiu⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/siu³¹/ /sɔu³¹/

Middle Chinese: gjuw

Rime
Character	仇
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	群 (30)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	巨鳩切
Baxter	gjuw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɡɨu/
Pan Wuyun	/ɡiu/
Shao Rongfen	/ɡiəu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/guw/
Li Rong	/ɡiu/
Wang Li	/ɡĭəu/
Bernhard Karlgren	/gi̯ə̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qiú
Expected Cantonese Reflex	kau⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*(r)u/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡu/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	仇
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qiú
Middle Chinese	‹ gjuw ›
Old Chinese	/*(r)u/
English	mate (*n.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be -t or -p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	仇
Reading #	1/1
No.	6944
Phonetic component	九
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	𧚍
Old Chinese	/*ɡu/

Definitions

仇

hatred; enmity; resentment
enemy; foe; adversary
- 我又要叫你和女人彼此為仇。你的後裔和女人的後裔也彼此為仇。
  我又要叫你和女人彼此为仇。你的后裔和女人的后裔也彼此为仇。
  Wǒ yòu yào jiào nǐ hé nǚrén bǐcǐ wéi chóu. Nǐ de hòuyì hé nǚrén de hòuyì yě bǐcǐ wéi chóu.
  And I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed.
to make reprisals; to retaliate
to proofread; to check against the original

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qiú (qiu²)

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄡˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): kau⁴
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): giu²
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kiû
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶jieu

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qiú
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄡˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cióu
  - Wade–Giles: chʻiu²
  - Yale: chyóu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyou
  - Palladius: цю (cju)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: kau⁴
  - Yale: kàuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: kau⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: keo⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɐu̯²¹/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: giu²
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: giú
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiu¹³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: giu²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiu²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiû
  - Tâi-lô: kiû
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kiuu
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kiu²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kiu²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiu¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kiu²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiu²³/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶jieu
  - MiniDict: jieu^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³jjieu
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /d͡ʑiɤ²³/

Middle Chinese: gjuw

Rime
Character	仇
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	群 (30)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	巨鳩切
Baxter	gjuw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɡɨu/
Pan Wuyun	/ɡiu/
Shao Rongfen	/ɡiəu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/guw/
Li Rong	/ɡiu/
Wang Li	/ɡĭəu/
Bernhard Karlgren	/gi̯ə̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qiú
Expected Cantonese Reflex	kau⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*(r)u/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡu/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	仇
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qiú
Middle Chinese	‹ gjuw ›
Old Chinese	/*(r)u/
English	mate (*n.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be -t or -p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	仇
Reading #	1/1
No.	6944
Phonetic component	九
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	𧚍
Old Chinese	/*ɡu/

Definitions

仇

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

仇

(Hyōgai kanji)

Readings

Go-on: ぐ (gu)
Kan-on: きゅう (kyū)
Kun: あだ (ada, 仇)、かたき (kataki, 仇)、あだする (adasuru, 仇する)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
仇
あだ Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) あだ (Odaka – )
IPA^(key):

Noun

仇(あだ) • (ada)

foe, enemy

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
仇
かたき Hyōgai
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 仇 – see the following entry.

【敵かたき】6

an enemy

revenge, vengeance

opponent (of the game or conflict)

(archaic, obsolete) marriage partner

(This term, 仇, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

仇 (eum 구 (gu))

Vietnamese

Han character

仇: Hán Nôm readings: cừu

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

仇

Translingual

Han character

Derived characters

References

Chinese

Glyph origin

Pronunciation 1

Definitions

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Definitions

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

Readings

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

Etymology 2

References

Korean

Hanja

Vietnamese

Han character

Wikious

Boobota

Sagapedia