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北京 . In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
北京 , but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
北京 in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
北京 you have here. The definition of the word
北京 will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
北京 , as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Chinese
north
capital; Beijing (abbrev.)
trad. (北京 )
北
京
simp. # (北京 )
北
京
Literally: “northern capital”.
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium .)
Pronunciation
Mandarin
(Standard )
(Pinyin ) : Běijīng
(Zhuyin ) : ㄅㄟˇ ㄐㄧㄥ
(Chengdu , Sichuanese Pinyin ) : be2 jin1
(Dungan , Cyrillic and Wiktionary ) : Быйҗин (Bɨyžin, I-I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou –Hong Kong , Jyutping ) : bak1 ging1
(Taishan , Wiktionary ) : bak2 gen1
Gan (Wiktionary ) : bet6 jin1
Hakka
(Sixian , PFS ) : Pet-kîn
(Meixian , Guangdong ) : bêd5 gin1
Jin (Wiktionary ) : bei2 jing1
Northern Min (KCR ) : Bă̤-géng
Eastern Min (BUC ) : Báe̤k-gĭng
Southern Min
(Hokkien , POJ ) : Pak-kiaⁿ
(Teochew , Peng'im ) : bag4 gian1
Wu (Wugniu )
Xiang (Changsha , Wiktionary ) : be6 jin1
Baxter –Sagart system 1.1 (2014 )
Character
北
京
Reading #
1/1
1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
běi
jīng
Middle Chinese
‹ pok ›
‹ kjæng ›
Old Chinese
/*pˁək/
/*raŋ/
English
north
hill; capital city
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
北
京
Reading #
1/1
1/1
No.
414
6828
Phonetic component
北
京
Rime group
職
陽
Rime subdivision
0
0
Corresponding MC rime
北
驚
Old Chinese
/*pɯːɡ/
/*kraŋ/
Proper noun
北京
( ~市 ) Beijing (a direct-administered municipality , the capital city of China )
中國 的 首都 是 北京 。 [MSC , trad. ] 中国 的 首都 是 北京 。 [MSC , simp. ] Zhōngguó de shǒudū shì Běijīng . The capital of China is Beijing .
北京 的 春天 很 適合 騎車 逛 衚衕 。 [MSC , trad. ] 北京 的 春天 很 适合 骑车 逛 胡同 。 [MSC , simp. ] Běijīng de chūntiān hěn shìhé qíchē guàng hútòng. Beijing ’s spring is very suitable for cycling around the hutongs.
原諒 我 不 能 陪 你 去 北京 。 [MSC , trad. ] 原谅 我 不 能 陪 你 去 北京 。 [MSC , simp. ] Yuánliàng wǒ bù néng péi nǐ qù Běijīng . Forgive me for not being able to go with you to Beijing .
這 話本 也 出 在 本朝 宣德 年 間 ,有 一 老者 ,姓 劉 ,名 德 ,家 佐 河西務 鎮 上 。這 鎮 在 運河 之 旁 ,離 北京 有 二百 里 田地 ,乃 各 省 出入 京都 的 要路 。 [Written Vernacular Chinese , trad. ] 这 话本 也 出 在 本朝 宣德 年 间 ,有 一 老者 ,姓 刘 ,名 德 ,家 佐 河西务 镇 上 。这 镇 在 运河 之 旁 ,离 北京 有 二百 里 田地 ,乃 各 省 出入 京都 的 要路 。 [Written Vernacular Chinese , simp. ] From: Feng Menglong , Stories to Awaken the World , 1627 CE Zhè huàběn yě chū zài běncháo Xuāndé nián jiān, yǒu yī lǎozhě, xìng Liú, míng Dé, jiā zuǒ Héxīwù zhèn shàng. Zhè zhèn zài yùnhé zhī páng, lí běijīng yǒu èrbǎi lǐ tiándì, nǎi gè shěng chūrù jīngdōu de yàolù. This story took place during the Xuande era of the current dynasty. There was an elderly man named Liu De who resided in Hexiwu town. This town is located beside the canal, about 200 lis away from Peking , and serves as a crucial route for people traveling to and from the capital from various provinces.
Synonyms: 北平 ( Běipíng ) ( historical ) , 燕京 ( Yānjīng ) ( historical )
( metonymically ) Beijing ( the government of the People's Republic of China )
( historical ) northern capital
Jiankang (capital of Liu Song dynasty )—in modern-day Nanjing , Jiangsu province
Jingkou (birthplace of Liu Song dynasty )—in modern-day Zhenjiang , Jiangsu province
Pingcheng (capital of Northern Wei dynasty )—in modern-day Datong , Shanxi province
Taiyuan Fu (birthplace of Tang dynasty and many subsequent states)—in modern-day Taiyuan , Shanxi province
Daming Fu (visited by Emperor Zhenzong )—in modern-day Handan , Hebei province
Shangjing Linhuang Fu (one of the capitals of Jin dynasty )—in modern-day Chifeng , Inner Mongolia
Zhongdu (one of the capitals of Jin dynasty )—in modern-day Beijing
Kaifeng Fu (Ming dynasty )—in modern-day Kaifeng , Henan province
Usage notes
Synonyms
( Beijing ) : ( historical ) 北平 (Běipíng ), ( literary, or ironic, humorous ) 帝都 (dìdū ), ( historical, archaic ) 燕京 (Yānjīng )
Derived terms
Descendants
Others :
→ Amis: Piking
→ Arabic: بِكِين ( bikīn )
→ Asturian: Beijing
→ Belarusian: Пекі́н ( Pjekín )
→ Bengali: বেইজিং ( beijiṅ )
→ Bouyei: Bagtjingl
→ Burmese: ပေကျင်း ( pe-kyang: ) , ပီကင်း ( pikang: )
→ Catalan: Pequín
→ Czech: Peking
→ Danish: Beijing , Peking
→ Dutch: Peking
→ English: Beijing , Peking , Pei-ching
→ French: Pékin
→ Finnish: Peking , Beijing
→ Georgian: პეკინი ( ṗeḳini )
→ German: Peking
→ Greek: Πεκίνο ( Pekíno )
→ Hebrew: בייג׳ינג ( beijing )
→ Hindi: बेजिंग ( bejiṅg )
→ Hlai: Bhakgengs
→ Hungarian: Peking
→ Italian: Pechino
→ Japanese: 北( ペ ) 京( キン ) ( Pekin )
→ Kazakh: Бейжің ( Beijıñ )
→ Khmer: ប៉េកាំង ( peekang )
→ Korean: 베이징 ( Beijing )
→ Lao: ປັກກິງ ( pak king )
→ Latin: Pechinum
→ Latvian: Pekina
→ Lithuanian: Pekinas
→ Lü: ᦵᦗᦲᧉᦋᦲᧃᧈ ( poe²tsiin¹ )
→ Macedonian: Пекинг ( Peking )
→ Manchu: ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ ( beging )
→ Mongolian: Бээжин ( Beežin ) / ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ ( begeǰiŋ )
→ Nepali: बेइजिङ ( beijiṅ )
→ Nuosu: ꀙꏢ ( bip ji )
→ Persian: پکن ( pekan )
→ Polish: Pekin
→ Portuguese: Pequim
→ Romanian: Beijing , Pekin
→ Russian: Пеки́н ( Pekín )
→ Armenian: Պեկին ( Pekin )
→ Serbo-Croatian: Пѐкинг / Pèking , Бејџинг / Bejdžing
→ Slovene: Peking
→ Spanish: Pekín , Pequín
→ Swedish: Peking , Beijing
→ Telugu: బీజింగ్ ( bījiṅg )
→ Thai: ปักกิ่ง ( bpàk-gìng )
→ Tibetan: པེ་ཅིན ( pe cin ) , པེ་ཅིང ( pe cing )
→ Urdu: بیجنگ ( bējiṅg )
→ Uyghur: بېيجىڭ ( bëyjing )
→ Zhuang: Baekging
See also
Other capitals in the Four Great Ancient Capitals of China: 南京 (Nánjīng ) — 洛陽 / 洛阳 (Luòyáng ) — 西安 (Xī'ān )
Other directions: 南京 (Nánjīng , “southern capital”) — 東京 / 东京 (Dōngjīng , “eastern capital”) — 西京 (Xījīng , “western capital”)
Japanese
Etymology 1
From dialectal Chinese 北京 ( Běijīng , literally “ northern capital ” ) .
Pronunciation
Proper noun
北京( ペキン ) • (Pekin )
Beijing (a direct-administered municipality , the capital city of China )
See also
Etymology 2
Compound of 北( ほく ) ( hoku , “ north ” ) + 京( きょう ) ( kyō , “ capital city ” ) . Attested from the 13th century.
Pronunciation
Proper noun
北( ほっ ) 京( きょう ) • (Hokkyō ) ←ほくきやう ( fokukyau ) ?
( history ) Kyoto the "Northern Capital ", as opposed to Nara the "Southern Capital "
References
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute , editor (1998 ), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary ] (in Japanese), Tōkyō : NHK Publishing , →ISBN
^ “ほっ‐きょう[ホクキャウ] 【北京】 ”, in 日本国語大辞典 ( Nihon Kokugo Daijiten , “ Nihon Kokugo Daijiten ” ) (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō : Shogakukan , 2000
^ Matsumura, Akira , editor (2006 ), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō : Sanseidō , →ISBN
Korean
Proper noun
北京 • (Bukgyeong ) (hangeul 북경 )
Hanja form? of 북경 ( “ Beijing ” ) .
Vietnamese
Proper noun
北京
chữ Hán form of Bắc Kinh ( “ Beijing ” ) .