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Chinese
| phonetic | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (喀什噶爾) | 喀 | 什 | 噶 | 爾 | |
| simp. (喀什噶尔) | 喀 | 什 | 噶 | 尔 | |
| alternative forms | 哈什哈爾／哈什哈尔 | ||||
Etymology
Borrowed from Manchu ᡴᠠᠰᡳᡤᠠᡵ (kasigar), from Written Oirat ᡍᠠᠱᡅᡎᠠᠷ (xašiɣar), from Classical Persian کاشغر (Kāšġar).
Compare also Uyghur قەشقەر (qeshqer), Chagatai قاشقار (Qāšqār /Qäšqär/); Classical Tibetan ཁ་ཤི་ཀར (kha shi kar); etc.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Pinyin): Kāshígá'ěr, Kàshígé'ěr
- (Zhuyin): ㄎㄚ ㄕˊ ㄍㄚˊ ㄦˇ, ㄎㄚˋ ㄕˊ ㄍㄜˊ ㄦˇ
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: Kāshígá'ěr
- Zhuyin: ㄎㄚ ㄕˊ ㄍㄚˊ ㄦˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: Kashíhgá-ěr
- Wade–Giles: Kʻa1-shih2-ka2-êrh3
- Yale: Kā-shŕ-gá-ěr
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Kashyrgareel
- Palladius: Кашигаэр (Kašigaer)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰä⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵ kä³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: Kàshígé'ěr
- Zhuyin: ㄎㄚˋ ㄕˊ ㄍㄜˊ ㄦˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: Kàshíhgé-ěr
- Wade–Giles: Kʻa4-shih2-ko2-êrh3
- Yale: Kà-shŕ-gé-ěr
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Kahshyrgereel
- Palladius: Кашигээр (Kašigɛer)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰä⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ kɤ³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
Proper noun
喀什噶爾
- (historical or poetic) Kashgar (a city in the Xinjiang autonomous region, China)
- 當我參觀禿忽魯·帖木兒汗——最後一位察合台蒙古可汗，大力鼓舞伊斯蘭教在該地區的傳播——的聖陵時，管理人告訴我紅衛兵強迫村民把豬隻養在聖陵裡面，新疆大部分地區都出現這樣的羞辱行為，喀什噶爾有個男人在一位朋友的孩子出世時朗誦古蘭經，他被迫塗黑臉、騎在驢子上遊街示眾，並拿著着一個上面寫著「我不該信舊規」的牌子。
- From: 2018/08/02, 尼克・霍史達克（Nick Holdstock）, 文革對維吾爾的迫害，讓新疆自治區永遠無法「自治」, The News Lens
- Dāng wǒ cānguān Tūhūlǔ Tièmù'ér Hàn — zuìhòu yī wèi Cháhétái Ménggǔ kěhàn, dàlì gǔwǔ Yīsīlánjiào zài gāi dìqū de chuánbò — de shènglíng shí, guǎnlǐ rén gàosù wǒ hóngwèibīng qiángpò cūnmín bǎ zhū zhī yǎng zài shènglíng lǐmiàn, Xīnjiāng dàbùfēn dìqū dōu chūxiàn zhèyàng de xiūrǔ xíngwéi, Kàshígé''ěr yǒu ge nánrén zài yī wèi péngyǒu de háizi chūshì shí lǎngsòng Gǔlánjīng, tā bèipò tú hēiliǎn, qí zài lǘzi shàng yóujiē shìzhòng, bìng názhùzhe yīge shàngmiàn xiězhe “wǒ bùgāi xìn jiù guī” de páizǐ.
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
当我参观秃忽鲁·帖木儿汗——最后一位察合台蒙古可汗，大力鼓舞伊斯兰教在该地区的传播——的圣陵时，管理人告诉我红卫兵强迫村民把猪只养在圣陵里面，新疆大部分地区都出现这样的羞辱行为，喀什噶尔有个男人在一位朋友的孩子出世时朗诵古兰经，他被迫涂黑脸、骑在驴子上游街示众，并拿著着一个上面写着「我不该信旧规」的牌子。
Synonyms
- 喀什 (Kāshí)