恨

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

恨 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 心日女 (PAV), four-corner 9703₂, composition ⿰忄艮)

Derived characters

• 𭉆, 𭦼, 𥈥, 𪬲, 𭏂, 𢝧

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 385, character 9
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10588
• Dae Jaweon: page 716, character 5
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2299, character 3
• Unihan data for U+6068

Chinese

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡɯːns) : semantic 忄 (“heart; thought; emotion”) + phonetic 艮 (OC *kɯːns).

Pronunciation

Definitions

恨

1. to resent; to hate

   可恨  ―  kěhèn  ―  abominable

   我恨死你了！  ―  Wǒ hèn sǐ nǐ le!  ―  I hate you to death!

2. to regret; to pity

   恨不得  ―  hènbùdé  ―  to wish that one could ("to regret that one may not")

   恨鐵不成鋼／恨铁不成钢  ―  hèntiěbùchénggāng  ―  to pity someone's lack of improvement

   1. (chiefly literary) to pine; to long for; to miss; to suffer from intense desire

      • 輟耕之壟上，悵恨久之，曰：「苟富貴，無相忘。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
        辍耕之垄上，怅恨久之，曰：「苟富贵，无相忘。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

        From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE

        Chuò gēng zhī lǒng shàng, chànghèn jiǔzhī, yuē: “Gǒu fùguì, wú xiāngwàng.”

        Taking a break from the work, he went up a raised slope by the fields. Full of care and discontent with himself for quite a while, he burst out, "Lest we forget one another when greatness is achieved!"

      • 解釋春風無限恨 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
        解释春风无限恨 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

        From: c. the early 740s, Li Bai (李白), Qing Ping Diao (《清平調》). English translation by Shigeyoshi Obata (小畑薫良), 1922.

        jiěshì chūnfēng wúxiàn hèn

        Vanquished are the endless longings of love

3. hatred; dislike

   抱恨  ―  bàohèn  ―  to be bitterly regretful

   懷恨在心／怀恨在心  ―  huáihènzàixīn  ―  to harbour hatred; to entertain hateful thoughts

   • 世上決沒有無緣無故的愛，也沒有無緣無故的恨。 [MSC, trad.]
     世上决没有无缘无故的爱，也没有无缘无故的恨。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 1942, 毛澤東 (Mao Zedong), 《在延安文藝座談會上的講話》 (Talks at the Yenan Forum on Literature and Art), 《毛澤東選集》. English translation based on the Foreign Languages Press edition

     Shìshàng jué méiyǒu wúyuánwúgù de ài, yě méiyǒu wúyuánwúgù de hèn.

     There is absolutely no such thing in the world as love or hatred with out reason or cause.

4. (Cantonese) to be eager for something

Synonyms

Compounds

Descendants

Japanese

Kanji

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. to resent; to hate; be hostile to

Readings

• Go-on: ごん (gon)
• Kan-on: こん (kon, Jōyō)
• Kun: うらむ (uramu, 恨む, Jōyō); うらめしい (urameshii, 恨めしい, Jōyō)

Compounds

• 遺恨
• 怨恨
• 憎恨
• 憤恨

Etymology

From Korean 한(恨) (han).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ハ​ン (Atamadaka – )
• IPA^(key):

Noun

恨(ハン) • (han) 

1. han (resentment as a part of the Korean cultural identity)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 恨 (MC honH).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key):
• Phonetic hangul:
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

恨

Wikisource

恨 (eumhun 한탄할 한 (hantanhal han))

1. Hanja form^? of 한 (“deep-seated resentment”).
2. Hanja form^? of 한 (“to resent; to hate”).

Compounds

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

恨: Hán Nôm readings: hận, giận, hằn, hờn

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