仕

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

仕 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+3, 5 strokes, cangjie input 人土 (OG), four-corner 2421₀, composition ⿰亻士)

Derived characters

• 茌

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 92, character 7
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 368
• Dae Jaweon: page 195, character 10
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 112, character 3
• Unihan data for U+4ED5

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 仕
Bronze inscriptions b12243 Small seal script s05662 Transcribed ancient scripts L34132 L34133
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Etymology 1

See 士 "servant, retainer, officer, scholar, gentleman"

Pronunciation

Definitions

仕

1. scholar; official; guardian

   • 有仕於此，而子悅之，不告於王而私與之吾子之祿爵；夫仕也，亦無王命而私受之於子，則可乎？ [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     有仕于此，而子悦之，不告于王而私与之吾子之禄爵；夫仕也，亦无王命而私受之于子，则可乎？ [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Yǒu shì yú cǐ, ér zǐ yuè zhī, bùgào yú wáng ér sī yǔ zhī wúzǐ zhī lùjué; fú shì yě, yì wú wángmìng ér sī shòu zhī yú zǐ, zé kě hū?

     Suppose there were an officer here, with whom you, Sir, were pleased, and that, without informing the king, you were privately to give to him your salary and rank; and suppose that this officer, also without the king's orders, were privately to receive them from you - would such a transaction be allowable?

2. to serve in the government

   • 士之仕也，猶農夫之耕也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     士之仕也，犹农夫之耕也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Shì zhī shì yě, yóu nóngfū zhī gēng yě.

     An officer's being in office is like the ploughing of a husbandman.

3. (xiangqi) adviser; guard; minister (on the red side)
4. a surname

Coordinate terms

• (Chinese chess pieces) 帥／帅 (shuài) / 將／将, 仕 (shì) / 士 (shì), 相 / 象 (xiàng), 俥／伡 / 車／车, 傌 / 㐷 / 馬／马 (mǎ), 炮 / 砲／炮, 兵 (bīng) / 卒

Compounds

Etymology 2

From 亻 (denoting one octave lower in Cantonese opera) + 士 (si⁶).

Pronunciation

Definitions

仕

1. (music) Cantonese opera gongche notation for the note an octave below low la (6̣̣).

   Synonym: 𪛘 (sì) (Kunqu)

Japanese

Kanji

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: じ (ji, Jōyō ^†)
• Kan-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
• Kun: つかえる (tsukaeru, 仕える, Jōyō)^{←つかへる (tukaferu, 仕へる, historical)}; つかまつる (tsukamatsuru, 仕る); つこうまつる (tsukōmatsuru, 仕る)
• Nanori: つこう (tsukō)

Compounds

Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 仕 (MC dzriX).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) し​ (Atamadaka – )
• IPA^(key):

Noun

仕(し) • (shi) ^{←し (si)?}

1. official, civil service

   仕(し)を致(いた)す

   shi o itasu

   to resign from public office

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Verb

仕(し) • (shi) ^{←し (si)?}

1. Alternative spelling of し (shi, continuative of する (suru))

Usage notes

• Used primarily as the first element in verb-verb and verb-noun compounds.

References

Korean

Hanja

仕 (eumhun 섬길 사 (seomgil sa))

1. Hanja form^? of 사 (“serve; official”).

Vietnamese

Han character

仕: Hán Nôm readings: sĩ, sải, sảy, sãi, sẻ, sễ, sẽ, sì, sẩy, sè, sõi, sỡi, xảy

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation