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Stroke order | |||
Japanese |
塔 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+10 in Chinese, 土+9 in Japanese, 13 strokes in Chinese, 12 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 土廿人口 (GTOR), four-corner 44161, composition ⿰土荅)
trad. | 塔 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 塔 | |
alternative forms | 㙮 墖 𩫊 |
Old Chinese | |
---|---|
龕 | *kʰuːm |
媕 | *quːm, *qromʔ, *qɯːm, *qramʔ, *qɯːb |
頜 | *ɡuːmʔ, *kuːb |
答 | *tkuːb |
畣 | *tkuːb |
荅 | *tkuːb |
嗒 | *tuːb, *tʰoːb |
褡 | *tuːb, *toːb |
撘 | *tuːb |
搭 | *tuːb, *tʰoːb |
榙 | *tkuːb, *ɡuːb |
佮 | *tkʰuːb, *kuːb, *quːb, *quːb |
蛤 | *kuːb |
鴿 | *kuːb |
合 | *kuːb, *ɡuːb |
郃 | *kuːb, *ɡuːb |
匌 | *kuːb, *kʰuːb |
鉿 | *kuːb |
閤 | *kuːb |
鞈 | *kuːb, *kruːb |
韐 | *kuːb, *kruːb |
鮯 | *kuːb |
哈 | *ŋɡuːb |
姶 | *quːb, *quːb |
欱 | *qʰuːb, *qʰruːb |
盒 | *ɡuːb |
耠 | *ɡuːb |
詥 | *ɡuːb |
塔 | *tʰuːb |
鞳 | *tʰoːb |
劄 | *rtuːb |
跲 | *kruːb, *kob, *ɡob |
袷 | *kruːb, *ŋkob |
餄 | *kruːb |
恰 | *kʰruːb |
帢 | *kʰruːb |
洽 | *ɡruːb |
祫 | *ɡruːb |
珨 | *ɡruːb |
烚 | *ɡruːb |
歙 | *qʰjob, *qʰrub |
湁 | *tkʰub |
拾 | *ɡjub |
給 | *krub |
翕 | *qʰrub |
噏 | *qʰrub |
潝 | *qʰrub |
熻 | *qʰrub |
嬆 | *qʰrub |
翖 | *qʰrub |
闟 | *qʰrub |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *tʰuːb) : semantic 土 + phonetic 荅 (OC *tkuːb).
Borrowed from a Middle Indo-Aryan language into the late Old Chinese of Eastern Han (alternatively considered an early form of Middle Chinese), for example in the translations attributed to Lokakṣema. Cf. Ashokan Prakrit 𑀣𑀼𑀩𑁂 (thube), Gandhari 𐨠𐨂𐨬 (thuva) and other forms, Pali thūpa, vs. Sanskrit स्तूप (stūpa).
Variety | Location | 塔 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /tʰa²¹⁴/ |
Harbin | /tʰa²¹³/ | |
Tianjin | /tʰɑ¹³/ | |
Jinan | /tʰa²¹³/ | |
Qingdao | /tʰa⁵⁵/ | |
Zhengzhou | /tʰa²⁴/ | |
Xi'an | /tʰa²¹/ | |
Xining | /tʰa⁴⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /tʰa¹³/ | |
Lanzhou | /tʰa¹³/ | |
Ürümqi | /tʰa²¹³/ | |
Wuhan | /tʰa²¹³/ | |
Chengdu | /tʰa³¹/ | |
Guiyang | /tʰa²¹/ | |
Kunming | /tʰa̠³¹/ | |
Nanjing | /tʰɑʔ⁵/ | |
Hefei | /tʰɐʔ⁵/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /tʰaʔ²/ |
Pingyao | /tʰʌʔ⁵³/ | |
Hohhot | /tʰaʔ⁴³/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /tʰaʔ⁵/ |
Suzhou | /tʰaʔ⁵/ | |
Hangzhou | /tʰɑʔ⁵/ | |
Wenzhou | /tʰa²¹³/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /tʰaʔ²¹/ |
Tunxi | /tʰɔ⁵/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /tʰa²⁴/ |
Xiangtan | /tʰɒ²⁴/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /tʰaʔ⁵/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /tʰap̚¹/ |
Taoyuan | /tʰɑp̚²²/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /tʰap̚³/ |
Nanning | /tʰap̚³³/ | |
Hong Kong | /tʰap̚³/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /tʰap̚³²/ /tʰaʔ³²/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /tʰɑʔ²³/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /tʰa²⁴/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /tʰaʔ²/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /ha⁵⁵/ |
塔
Others:
(Jōyō kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 墖)
Kanji in this term |
---|
塔 |
とう Grade: S |
on'yomi |
/tapu/ → /taɸu/ → */tawu/ → /tau/ → /tɔː/ → /toː/
From Middle Chinese 塔 (MC thap, “tower, pagoda, spire”).
An abbreviation for 卒塔婆 (sotoba, sotōba), a transliteration of Sanskrit स्तूप (stūpa, “heap”).[1]
Kanji in this term |
---|
塔 |
あららぎ Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
First appears in the Engishiki compilation of laws created in the early 900s, spelled phonetically in kanji as 阿良良伎.[1] Spelled as 蘭, araragi literally means “wild onion” and refers to the wild rocambole, possibly hardneck garlic, notable for its tall green stalk sticking straight up. Used as a euphemism for 塔 (tafu at the time),[1][2] as that word's Buddhist connotations were viewed as taboo in contexts having to do with the religious center of Itsuki no Miya (斎宮, also known as Saikū).
塔: Hán Việt readings: tháp[1][2][3][4][5], đáp[3]
塔: Nôm readings: tháp[1][2], thạp[2], thóp[2], đắp[1]