. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
you have here. The definition of the word
will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Commons:Category
Translingual
Stroke order
Stroke order
Han character
父 (Kangxi radical 88, 父 +0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 金大 (CK ), four-corner 80400 , composition ⿱八 乂 (G H J T V ) or ⿱八 ⿻乀 丿 (K ))
Kangxi radical #88, ⽗ .
Derived characters
Appendix:Chinese radical/父
𠇑 , 㕮 , 𡵛 , 㳇 , 𣏤 , 蚥 , 𨊽 , 䭸 , 𫙉 , 𩵹 (𩽻 ), 𨚅 , 𨾝 , 𩾿
𠛈 , 𫷁 , 斧 , 𭷕 , 𤤎 , 𤱇 , 𧉊 , 釜 , 𬥐 , 𨥏 , 𮮕 , 𫇫 , 𢨰 , 𠀱 , 𤱀 , 𩂎
References
Kangxi Dictionary: page 690 , character 1
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19721
Dae Jaweon: page 1103, character 1
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2039, character 1
Unihan data for U+7236
Further reading
Chinese
Glyph origin
Old Chinese
抪
*paː, *paːs
布
*paːs
佈
*paːs
怖
*pʰaːs
斧
*paʔ
父
*paʔ, *baʔ
蚥
*paʔ, *baʔ
滏
*baʔ
釜
*baʔ
Pictogram (象形 ) – A hand holding a stone blade, referring to a man working with a stone axe .
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *p/ba ( “ male ; father ” ) .
Regular development from Middle Chinese would lead to the labiodental fù in Mandarin, but the colloquial word resisted the sound changes and is now written as 爸 (bà ), with the 巴 (bā ) phonetic component added to it to indicate the unchanged bilabial initial.
Pronunciation 1
Note : hô - literary.
Note :
hu6 - literary;
bê6 - semantic (original character is 爸 ).
Baxter –Sagart system 1.1 (2014 )
Character
父
Reading #
2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
fù
Middle Chinese
‹ bjuX ›
Old Chinese
/*(r)aʔ/
English
father
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
父
Reading #
2/2
No.
3504
Phonetic component
父
Rime group
魚
Rime subdivision
0
Corresponding MC rime
父
Old Chinese
/*baʔ/
Definitions
父
father
父 親/ 父 亲 ― fù qīn ― ( formal ) father
父 母 ― fù mǔ ― parents; father and mother
父 子 ― fù zǐ ― father and son
父 女 ― fù nǚ ― father and daughter
父 輩/ 父 辈 ― fù bèi ― one's father' s generation
家父 ― jiāfù ― ( humble ) my father
生父 ― shēngfù ― biological father
養父 / 养父 ― yǎngfù ― adoptive father
繼父 / 继父 ― jìfù ― stepfather
天父 ― tiānfù ― ( Christianity ) Heavenly Father
國父 / 国父 ― guófù ― father of a nation; ( specifically ) Father of the Republic (Sun Yat-sen )
雜交 水稻 之 父 / 杂交 水稻 之 父 ― zájiāo shuǐdào zhī fù ― ( specifically ) Father of Hybrid Rice (Yuan Longping )
Antonym: 母 ( mǔ )
Used to address a male elder member of a family.
祖父 ― zǔfù ― paternal grandfather (one's father's father)
伯父 ― bófù ― paternal uncle (father's elder brother)
叔父 ― shūfù ― paternal uncle (father's younger brother)
岳父 ― yuèfù ― father -in-law (wife's father)
舅父 ― jiùfù ― maternal uncle (mother's brother)
姨父 ― yífù ― maternal uncle (husband of mother's sister)
姑父 ― gūfù ― paternal uncle (husband of father's sister)
Antonym: 母 ( mǔ )
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of
爸爸 (“dad”)
Variety
Location
Words
Classical Chinese
父 , 爺 , 嚴 honorific
Formal (Written Standard Chinese )
父親
Northeastern Mandarin
Beijing
爸爸 , 爸 , 爹 , 父親 , 老頭兒
Taiwan
爸爸 , 爸
Chengde
爸爸
Chifeng
爸爸
Hulunbuir (Hailar)
爸爸
Heihe
父親 , 爸爸
Qiqihar
爸爸
Harbin
爸爸 , 爸 , 爹 , 父親
Jiamusi
父親 , 爸爸
Baicheng
父親 , 爸爸 , 爹
Changchun
爸爸 , 爸 , 爹
Tonghua
爸爸 , 爹
Shenyang
爸爸 , 父親 , 爹 , 阿瑪 dated, Manchus
Jinzhou
父親 , 爸爸 , 爸 , 爹
Malaysia
爸爸 , 爸 , 爹哋
Singapore
爸爸 , 爸 , 老爸 <>
Jilu Mandarin
Tianjin
爸爸 , 老爸 , 爹
Tangshan
父親 , 爸爸 , 爹
Cangzhou
爸爸 , 爹 , 伯
Baoding
爸爸
Shijiazhuang
爸爸 , 爹
Lijin
爹
Jinan
爸爸 , 爹 , 大 Hui , 大大 Hui
Jiaoliao Mandarin
Dalian
爸爸
Dandong
父親 , 爸爸 , 爸 , 爹
Yantai
爹
Yantai (Muping)
爹 , 爸爸
Qingdao
爸爸 , 爹
Zhucheng
大大 , 爺 , 爸爸
Central Plains Mandarin
Luoyang
爹 , 爸爸
Lingbao
爹 , 大
Jining
爸爸 , 大
Wanrong
爸 , 爹
Linfen
爸
Shangqiu
爸爸 , 爹 , 大
Yuanyang
父親 , 爸爸 , 爹
Zhengzhou
爹 , 伯 , 達 Hui or suburbs
Xinyang
爸
Baihe
父親 , 爹 , 爸爸
Xi'an
爸 , 爸爸 , 達 Hui
Baoji
父親 , 爸 , 爹 , 伯
Tianshui
爸爸 , 大
Xining
阿達 , 達達 , 爹
Yanqi
爹 , 達達 Hui , 阿達 Hui , 老爹 <>
Xuzhou
答答 , 爸爸 , 父親
Fuyang
父親 , 爹 , 爸爸 , 爸 , 大大 , 大
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)
達達 , 達 , 阿達
Lanyin Mandarin
Yinchuan
爹 , 爸爸 , 父親
Lanzhou
爹 , 爸爸 , 老子 <> , 老爹 <> , 父親
Dunhuang
大大 , 爸 , 爹爹
Hami
大大
Ürümqi
爸爸 , 爹 , 爹爹 , 達 , 達達 , 阿達 Hui , 先人 <> , 老爹 <> , 達當子 <>
Southwestern Mandarin
Chengdu
爸爸 , 爸 , 老頭兒 <> , 老把子 <> , 老漢兒 <>
Nanchong
父親 , 爸爸
Dazhou
爸爸 , 爹
Hanyuan
父親 , 爸爸 , 爸爸
Xichang
父親 , 爸爸
Zigong
父親 , 大大 , 爺 , 爸爸 , 爹
Chongqing
老漢兒 , 爸爸
Wuhan
爸爸 , 爹 dated , 伯伯 <>, dated , 老子 <> , 老頭 <> , 點頭磕 <>, dated , 父老二 <>, dated, casual , 八叉 <>, dated, slang , 父親
Xiangyang
父親 , 爸爸 , 伯伯
Tianmen
父親 , 爸爸 , 爹 , 大大
Guiyang
爸爸 , 爹 dated , 老爹 <> , 老者 <> , 老者者 <>
Zunyi
爹 , 爸爸
Bijie
爸爸 , 老伯
Liping
爹
Zhaotong
爸爸 , 爺爺 , 大爹
Dali
阿爹
Kunming
爸爸 , 父親 , 爹
Mengzi
爸爸
Guilin
爸爸
Liuzhou
爸 , 阿爸 , 爹 , 老爹 <> , 爹老 <> , 爺老 <> , 老頭子 <>
Jishou
父親 , 爸爸 , 爹
Changde
爹
Hanzhong
父親 , 爸爸
Mae Salong (Lancang)
阿爸 , 阿爹 , 爸爸
Mae Sai (Tengchong)
爸 , 爹 , 爺
Jianghuai Mandarin
Nanjing
爹 , 爸爸 , 伯伯 , 爹爹
Yangzhou
爸爸 , 爹爹 , 老子 <> , 父親
Lianyungang
父親 , 爸爸 , 大大
Lianshui
父親 , 爺
Nantong
父 , 父啊 , 爸 , 爸爸 , 爺 <>
Anqing
父親 , 爸爸 , 伯伯 , 大大
Wuhu
爸爸 , 大大
Hefei
伯伯 , 爺
Huanggang
伯
Hong'an
父親 , 父 , 爸爸 , 伯伯 , 伯
Cantonese
Guangzhou
阿爸 , 爸爸 , 爹哋 , 老豆 <> , 伯爺 <>
Hong Kong
阿爸 , 爸爸 , 爸 , 爹哋 , 爸B , 老豆 <> , 伯爺 <>
Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)
阿爸 , 老豆 <>
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)
爹 , 阿爸 <> , 爸 <>
Hong Kong (Ting Kok)
爸爸
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)
阿爸
Macau
阿爸 , 爹哋 , 老豆 <>
Guangzhou (Xinjiao, Haizhu)
爸爸 , 阿爸
Guangzhou (Longxi, Liwan)
阿叔 , 阿爸 , 阿大
Guangzhou (Huangpu)
阿叔 , 阿爸
Guangzhou (Xinshi, Baiyun)
阿叔 , 阿爸 , 阿大 , 阿伯
Guangzhou (Shijing, Baiyun)
阿叔 , 阿爸 , 阿哥
Guangzhou (Jiangcun, Baiyun)
阿叔 , 阿爸
Guangzhou (Longgui, Baiyun)
阿叔 , 阿爸
Guangzhou (Renhe, Baiyun)
阿叔
Guangzhou (Zhuliao, Baiyun)
阿叔 , 阿爸
Guangzhou (Zhongluotan, Baiyun)
阿叔
Guangzhou (Jiufo, Huangpu)
阿叔 , 阿哥
Guangzhou (Panyu)
阿爸 , 爸爸 , 老豆 <>
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)
爸爸 , 阿叔 dated , 老豆 <>
Guangzhou (Conghua)
阿叔 , 阿伯 , 老豆 <>
Guangzhou (Zengcheng)
阿爸 , 爸爸 , 阿哥 , 阿叔 , 奶公 , 阿爺 , 老豆 <>
Foshan
阿爸 , 老豆 <>
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)
阿叔 , 老豆 <>
Foshan (Shunde)
阿爹 , 老豆 <>
Foshan (Sanshui)
阿爸 , 阿爹 , 老豆 <> , 伯爺 <>, dated
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)
阿爸 , 老豆 <>
Zhongshan (Shiqi)
阿爸 , 老子 <> , 老豆 <>
Zhongshan (Huancheng)
阿爸
Zhongshan (Nanlang)
阿爸
Zhongshan (Xiaolan)
阿爸 , 阿爹
Zhongshan (Dongsheng, Xiaolan)
阿爸
Zhongshan (Tanbei, Xiaolan)
阿爸
Zhongshan (Henglan)
阿爸
Zhongshan (Dongfeng)
阿爸 , 阿爹
Zhongshan (Nantou)
阿爸 , 阿爹
Zhongshan (Fusha)
阿爸
Zhongshan (Shalang)
阿爸
Zhongshan (Gangkou)
阿爸
Zhongshan (Huangpu)
阿爸 , 爸爸 , 阿爹
Zhongshan (Sanjiao)
阿大 , 爸爸
Zhongshan (Langwang, Minzhong)
阿爸 , 爸爸 , 阿爹
Zhongshan (Minzhong)
阿爸 , 爸爸 , 阿爹
Zhongshan (Guzhen)
阿爹
Zhongshan (Banfu)
阿爸
Zhongshan (Tanzhou)
阿爸
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)
阿爸 , 老豆 <>
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)
阿爸 , 老豆 <>
Zhuhai (Doumen)
阿爸 , 老豆 <>
Jiangmen (Baisha)
阿爸 , 阿爹 , 老豆 <>
Jiangmen (Xinhui)
阿爸 , 老豆 <>
Taishan
阿爸 , 阿爹 , 阿爺 , 老豆 <>
Kaiping (Chikan)
阿爹 , 老豆 <>
Enping (Niujiang)
阿爹 , 老豆 <>
Heshan (Yayao)
阿爸 , 老豆 <>
Dongguan
阿爸 , 阿叔 , 老豆 <> , 爸爸 childish , 爹哋 childish , 爸B childish , 阿大 rare , 老子 <>
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)
阿爸 , 爸爸 , 老豆 <>
Shaoguan
老豆 , 阿爸
Yunfu
老豆 , 阿爸
Yangjiang
阿爸 , 阿爹 <> , 老豆 <>
Xinyi
老豆 , 阿爸
Lianjiang
阿爸 , 老豆 , 爸爸
Lianjiang (Cheban)
阿爸
Wuchuan (Wuyang)
阿爸
Wuchuan (Meilu)
老豆
Nanning
阿爸 , 爸 , 老豆 , 老嘢 <>
Hepu (Lianzhou)
爸爸 , 阿叔 , 叔公 , 阿哥 , 俺老子 <> , 老豆 <>
Hepu (Shatian)
爸爸 , 阿公 , 俺公 <>
Beihai
爸爸 , 阿叔 , 老豆 <>
Beihai (Nankang)
爸爸 , 阿叔 , 老豆 <>
Beihai (Yingpan)
阿爸 , 阿叔 , 阿哥 , 老豆 <>
Danzhou
爺
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)
老豆 , 阿爸 , 爹哋 , 老頭子 <>
Singapore (Guangfu)
阿爸 , 爸爸 , 老豆 <>
Gan
Nanchang
爸爸 , 爺 , 老子 <> , 爺老子 <>
Lichuan
爺 , 伯伯 , 家父 <>
Pingxiang
爺爺 , 爹爹 , 爸爸 , 爺老子 <>
Hakka
Meixian
阿爸 , 爺仔 <>
Xingning
阿爸
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)
阿爸 , 爸爸 , 老豆 <>
Huiyang
阿爸
Huidong (Daling)
阿爸
Dongguan (Qingxi)
阿爸 , 爸爸
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)
阿爸 , 爸爸
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)
阿爸 , 爺子 <>
Wuhua (Shuizhai)
阿爸
Wuhua (Huacheng)
阿爸
Wuhua (Changbu)
阿爺 , 阿爸
Wuhua (Mianyang)
阿爸
Wuhua (Meilin)
阿爸
Heyuan (Bendihua)
阿爸
Wengyuan
阿爸
Shaoguan (Qujiang)
阿爸
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)
阿爸
Liannan
爸
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)
阿爸 , 父親 <>
Jiexi
爺
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)
阿爸
Changting
爹爹 , 哥哥 , 爹哩
Wuping
阿哥 , 伯
Wuping (Yanqian)
爺哩
Wuping (Pingyu)
爸
Liancheng
伯
Ninghua
哥哥 , 爹
Yudu
爸爸 , 爺老 <>
Ningdu
爹
Ruijin
爹爹 , 爹子
Shicheng
爹 , 爸爸
Shangyou (Shexi)
爸爸
Tonggu (Sandu)
爸爸
Ganzhou (Panlong)
爸爸
Dayu
爸爸 , 爺爺
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
阿爸 , 爺仔 <>
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
阿爸 , 爺仔 <>
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
阿爸 , 爺仔 <>
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
阿爸
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
阿爸 , 爺仔 <>
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
阿怙 , 阿爺 <>
Hong Kong
阿爸
Yangxi (Tangkou)
老子
Yangchun (Sanjia)
阿爸
Xinyi (Sihe)
阿爸 , 老子
Xinyi (Qianpai)
阿爸 , 老豆
Gaozhou (Xindong)
阿爸
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)
阿叔 , 阿爹 , 阿哥 , 阿爸
Huazhou (Xin'an)
老子
Lianjiang (Shijiao)
阿爸
Lianjiang (Qingping)
阿爸
Mengshan (Xihe)
爸 , 哥
Luchuan
阿爸
Sabah (Longchuan)
阿爸
Senai (Huiyang)
阿爸
Singkawang
阿爸
Huizhou
Jixi
伯伯 , 爹 , 老子 <>
Shexian
伯 , 爺 , 相 , 爸爸 , 大
Huangshan (Tunxi)
爹 , 爺 , 爸
Xiuning
爺 , 阿爺
Yixian
爹爹 , 爸爸 , 官人
Qimen
爺兒 , 伯兒
Wuyuan
爸爸 , 爺
Jin
Taiyuan
爸爸 , 大大 , 大 , 爹 , 老子 <>
Pingyao
爹
Yangyuan
父親 , 爹 , 爸爸 , 爸
Datong
父親 , 爸爸 , 爹
Xinzhou
大大 , 大
Lüliang (Lishi)
父親 , 爸爸 , 爹 , 老子
Changzhi
爸爸 , 爹
Linhe
父親 , 爸爸 , 大 , 老子
Jining
爸爸 , 大
Hohhot
父親 , 爸爸 , 大 , 老子
Erenhot
父親 , 爸爸 , 大
Pingshan
爹
Zhangjiakou
父親 , 爸爸 , 爸 , 爹 , 大
Handan
父親 , 爹
Linzhou
爹
Suide
爸爸 , 老子
Northern Min
Jian'ou
爸爸 , 爺爺 dated , 爹 <>
Eastern Min
Fuzhou
依爹 , 依爸 , 依爺 dated , 郎爸 <>
Fuqing
爸 , 爸爸 , 官 , 阿伯 , 阿哥 , 阿叔
Matsu
依爹
Singapore (Fuqing)
爸爸
Southern Min
Xiamen
阿爸 , 阿叔 euphemistic , 老爸 <> , 老的 <> , 娘爸 <>, dated
Xiamen (Tong'an)
老爸 <> , 俺爸
Quanzhou
阿爸 , 阿叔 euphemistic , 老爸 <> , 老的 <>
Jinjiang
老爸 <>
Zhangzhou
阿爸 , 阿官 , 阿叔 euphemistic , 老爸 <> , 老的 <> , 娘爸 <>, dated
Pinghe
娘爸 <>
Zhao'an
爸 , 老大 <> , 老爸 <>
Taipei
爸爸 , 阿爸 , 老爸 <>
New Taipei (Sanxia)
老歲仔 , 老的 , 阿爸 , 老爸 <>
Kaohsiung
爸爸 , 阿丈 , 阿爸 , 阿將 , 老爸 <>
Yilan
阿丈 , 阿叔 , 阿爸 , 老爸 <>
Changhua (Lukang)
阿府 , 阿爸 , 老爸 <>
Taichung
爸爸 , 老爸 <>
Tainan
多桑 , 爸爸 , 阿叔 , 阿爸 , 俺二仔 , 俺爹 , 俺爸 , 老爸 <>
Hsinchu
阿爹 , 爸爸 , 老爸 <>
Kinmen
俺爹 , 俺爸
Penghu (Magong)
阿爸 , 爹 , 二仔 , 爸爸 , 老爸 <>
Penang (Hokkien)
阿爸 , 爸 , 爸爸 , 老爸 <> , 爹 <> , 老的 <>
Singapore (Hokkien)
爸 , 爸爸 , 阿爸 , 老爸 <>
Manila (Hokkien)
爸爸 , 爸 , 阿爸 , 老爸 <>
Chaozhou
阿爸 , 阿爹 , 阿父 <> , 父 <>
Shantou
阿爸 , 阿父 <> , 父 <> , 大人 <>, honorific
Shantou (Chenghai)
阿爸 , 父 <> , 大人 <>, honorific
Jieyang
阿爸 , 阿父 , 阿爹
Haifeng
爸 , 爸爸 , 阿爸 , 父 , 爹
Johor Bahru (Teochew)
阿爸 , 爸爸 , 阿父 <> , 爸 <>
Singapore (Teochew)
阿父 , 父 <> , 老父 <>
Batam (Teochew)
阿父
Leizhou
爸 , 兄 dated , 阿 dated , 尼父 <> , 父 <> , 尼阿 <>, dated
Haikou
阿爹 , 阿兄 , 阿官 , 阿爸 , 爸 <>
Puxian Min
Putian
阿爸 , 郎爸 <>
Xianyou
郎爸 <>
Zhongshan Min
Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)
爸爸 , 爹 , 老子 <>
Southern Pinghua
Nanning (Tingzi)
爸 , 數字 , 數老 , 阿叔 dated , 老子 <>
Wu
Shanghai
爸爸 , 老爸 , 爹爹 dated , 阿伯 dated
Shanghai (Chongming)
爹爹 , 阿爹 uncommon , 爺 , 爺爺
Suzhou
爹爹
Danyang
爹爹 , 爹 , 爸爸
Hangzhou
爹 , 阿伯 , 爸爸 , 老子 <>
Ningbo
阿伯 , 爸爸 , 爹 <> , 阿爹 <> , 老頭子
Wenzhou
阿爸 , 阿伯 , 阿大
Jinhua
伯伯 , 爹爹 , 爸爸
Jinhua (Tangxi)
伯
Xiang
Changsha
爹爹 , 爺爺 , 爺 , 爺老倌 <> , 爺老子 <>
Loudi
爹爹 , 爺老倌 <> , 爺老子 <> , 爺 <> , 老人家 <>
Shuangfeng
爹爹 , 爺
Hengyang
爸爸 new-style , 爹爹 old style , 爺老子 <> , 爺 <> , 爺老倌子 <> , 老子 <>
Xiangnan Tuhua
Jiangyong
大 , 爹爹 , 爸爸 , 爺子 <> , 大子 <>
Note
<> - non-face-to-face
Pronunciation 2
Baxter –Sagart system 1.1 (2014 )
Character
父
Reading #
1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
fǔ
Middle Chinese
‹ pjuX ›
Old Chinese
/*p(r)aʔ/
English
(respectful suffix in male names)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
父
Reading #
1/2
No.
3500
Phonetic component
父
Rime group
魚
Rime subdivision
0
Corresponding MC rime
甫
Old Chinese
/*paʔ/
Definitions
父
( literary , respectful) old man ; elderly man
漁父 / 渔父 ― yúfǔ ― old fisherman
田父 ― tiánfǔ ― old farmer
( literary ) Alternative form of 甫 ( “ honorific suffix used after a man's name; courtesy name ” )
梁父 山 (梁甫山 ) [MSC , trad. and simp. ] Liángfǔ shān (Liángfǔshān) Mount Liangfu (alternately, Mount Liangfu) (in Shandong, China)
a surname
Compounds
References
Japanese
Kanji
父
(Second grade kyōiku kanji )
Readings
Compounds
Etymology 1
From Old Japanese 父 ( titi ) , from Proto-Japonic *titi .
Still in modern usage.
Pronunciation
Noun
父( ちち ) • (chichi )
father
野比( のび ) のび助( すけ ) は、主( しゅ ) 人( じん ) 公( こう ) のび太( た ) の父( ちち ) 。Nobi Nobisuke wa, shujinkō Nobita no chichi . Nobi Nobisuke is the father of the protagonist Nobita.
父( ちち ) 爲( す ) 考( こう ) 、和( わ ) 名( めい ) 知( ち ) 々( ち ) 、日( に ) 本( ほん ) 紀( き ) 私( し ) 記( き ) 云( いう ) 加( カ ) 曾( ソ ) chichi sukō, wamei chichi , Nihon Ki Shiki iu kaso Father: considered in Japanese as chichi ; in the Nihon Shoki Shiki it is pronounced kaso
( by extension, figurative ) a father figure ( male initiator or founder of something)
近( きん ) 代( だい ) 医( い ) 学( がく ) の父( ちち ) kindai igaku no chichi the father of modern medicine
( Christianity ) God , the Holy Father
Usage notes
This term conveys neither positive nor negative connotations. However, using it to describe someone the speaker knows personally is often considered lacking respect, where more polite forms like お父( とう ) さん ( otōsan ) are preferred.
This term is sometimes used in objective narrations, but for this purpose, 父( ちち ) 親( おや ) ( chichioya ) is more common.
Antonyms
Derived terms
Etymology 2
Appears in the Utsubo Monogatari of roughly 970 CE .[ 3]
Glossed as “I , chichi . Pay ” (“same as chichi . Father ”) in Nippo Jisho .[ 4]
Shift from chichi .[ 3] [ 5]
Usage continued until at least the early 1700s.[ 3]
Pronunciation
Noun
父( てて ) • (tete )
( archaic ) one 's own father
Derived terms
Etymology 3
Appears in the Nippo Jisho of 1603.[ 3]
Originally a shift from chichi or tete in baby talk , used by children to refer to their own father.
Still in modern usage.
Pronunciation
Noun
父( とと ) • (toto )
( childish ) one 's own father : daddy
Coordinate term: 母 ( kaka )
( by later extension ) a husband , master of the house
Derived terms
Etymology 4
/totosan/ → /totːɕan/ → /t͡ɕan/
Likely a contraction of 父さん ( toto-san ) .
Pronunciation
Noun
父( ちゃん ) • (chan )
( informal , possibly dialect ) one 's own father
( by later extension ) the head or master of an establishment such as a teahouse , boathouse , etc.
Etymology 5
The “father ” and “uncle ” affixes is from Middle Chinese 父 (MC bjuX ).
The “old man ” affix is from Middle Chinese 父 (MC pjuX ).
Pronunciation
Affix
父( ふ ) • (fu )
father
father figure
uncle
old man , elderly man
Derived terms
Etymology 6
From a corruption of Middle Chinese 父 (MC pjuX ).
Pronunciation
Affix
父( ほ ) • (ho )
( honorific ) old man
Derived terms
Etymology 7
⟨kaso2 ⟩ → */kasə/ → /kaso/ → /kazo/
From Old Japanese . Appears in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE as unvoiced kaso .[ 1] [ 3] Further derivation unknown.[ 3]
May have fallen out of use by 1603, when neither kaso nor kazo are found in the Nippo Jisho . Kaso would be here as the sixth entry from the bottom on the left, and kazo would be here as the eighth from the bottom on the right.
Pronunciation
Noun
父( かぞ ) • (kazo )
( obsolete ) one 's own father
父( ちち ) 爲( す ) 考( こう ) 、和( わ ) 名( めい ) 知( ち ) 々( ち ) 、日( に ) 本( ほん ) 紀( き ) 私( し ) 記( き ) 云( いう ) 加( カ ) 曾( ソ ) chichi sukō, wamei chichi, Nihon Ki Shiki iu kaso Father: considered in Japanese as chichi ; in the Nihon Shoki Shiki it is pronounced kaso
Derived terms
References
↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Matsumura, Akira , editor (2006 ), 大辞林 [Daijirin ] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo : Sanseidō , →ISBN
↑ 2.0 2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute , editor (1998 ), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary ] (in Japanese), Tokyo : NHK Publishing, Inc. , →ISBN
↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Shōgaku Tosho (1988 ) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition) ] (in Japanese), Tōkyō : Shogakukan , →ISBN
^ “Tete”, in Nippo Jisho , 1604 , page 256
^ Matsumura, Akira (1995 ) 大辞泉 [Daijisen ] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo : Shogakukan , →ISBN
^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997 ), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten ] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo : Sanseidō , →ISBN
Korean
Etymology 1
From Middle Chinese 父 (MC bjuX , “father”).
Pronunciation
Hanja
Wikisource
父 (eumhun 아비 부 ( abi bu ) )
Hanja form? of 부 ( “ father ” ) .
Hanja form? of 부 ( “ elderly male relative ” ) .
Compounds
Compounds
부계 (父系 , bugye )
부권 (父權 , bugwon )
부녀 (父女 , bunyeo )
부도 (父道 , budo )
부로 (父老 , buro )
부명 (父命 , bumyeong )
부모 (父母 , bumo )
부사 (父師 , busa )
부자 (父子 , buja )
부조 (父祖 , bujo )
부집 (父執 , bujip )
부친 (父親 , buchin )
부형 (父兄 , buhyeong )
가부 (家父 , gabu )
계부 (繼父 , gyebu )
군부 (君父 , gunbu )
내부 (乃父 , naebu )
노부 /로부 (老父 , nobu/robu )
대부 (代父 , daebu )
망부 (亡父 , mangbu )
백부 (伯父 , baekbu )
빙부 (聘父 , bingbu )
사부 (師父 , sabu )
생부 (生父 , saengbu )
성부 (聖父 , seongbu )
숙부 (叔父 , sukbu )
신부 (神父 , sinbu )
악부 (岳父 , akbu )
양부 (養父 , yangbu )
어부 (漁父 , eobu )
엄부 (嚴父 , eombu )
왕부 (王父 , wangbu )
유부 (猶父 , yubu )
의부 (義父 , uibu )
이부 (李父 , ibu )
자부 (慈父 , jabu )
제부 (諸父 , jebu )
조부 (祖父 , jobu )
천부 (天父 , cheonbu )
친부 (親父 , chinbu )
부사지 (父事之 , busaji )
부선망 (父先亡 , buseonmang )
부주전 (父主前 , bujujeon )
조부모 (祖父母 , jobumo )
고조부 (高祖父 , gojobu )
족대부 (族大父 , jokdaebu )
족조부 (族祖父 , jokjobu )
증조부 (曾祖父 , jeungjobu )
Etymology 2
From Middle Chinese 父 (MC pjuX , “old man; elderly man”).
Pronunciation
Hanja
父 (eumhun 사내 보 ( sanae bo ) )
( literary ) Hanja form? of 보 ( “ respectful term for an elderly man ” ) .
Synonym: 甫 ( 보 ( bo ) )
Compounds
References
국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典 .
Old Japanese
Etymology 1
Reduplication of ti below.[ 1]
Noun
父 (titi ) (kana ちち )
one 's own father
Coordinate term: 母 ( omo, papa )
, text here
...奥床仁母者睡有外床丹父 者寐有... ...okuto2 ko2 ni papa pa inetari to1 do2 ko2 ni titi pa inetari... (please add an English translation of this usage example)
Derived terms
父母 ( titipapa )
母父 ( omotiti )
Descendants
Japanese: 父 ( chichi, tete, toto )
Etymology 2
Eastern dialect of titi above.
Noun
父 (sisi ) (kana しし )
( regional , Northern Eastern Old Japanese ) one 's own father
Antonym: 母 ( amo )
Derived terms
Etymology 3
From Proto-Japonic *ti .
Noun
父 (ti ) (kana ち )
( honorific ) a term of respect for males
加志能布邇余久須袁都久理余久須邇迦美斯意富美岐宇麻良爾岐許志母知袁勢麻呂賀知 kasi no2 pu ni yo2 kusu wo tukuri yo2 kusu ni kami1 si opomi1 ki1 umara ni ki1 ko2 simo2 tiwose maro2 ga ti (please add an English translation of this usage example)
Note: Poem 39 of the Nihon Shoki is similar to this but replaces 迦美斯 ( kami1 si ) with 伽綿蘆 ( kame1 ru ) .
Derived terms
Etymology 4
Unknown.[ 2]
Noun
父 (kaso2 ) (kana かそ )
one 's own father
Antonym: 母 ( iro2 pa )
720 , Nihon Shoki , Emperor Ninken , entry 11: sixth year, ninth month in autumn:菱城邑人鹿父〈鹿父、人名也。俗、呼父為柯曾 〉聞而向前曰「何哭之哀甚、若此乎」。 A man of Pisikï village, Kakasö (his name is Kakasö ; it was customary to call one's father kasö ) heard cries, turned to her, and asked, “Why these cries of grief, young one?”
Descendants
References
Vietnamese
Han character
父 : Hán Việt readings: phụ (扶 ( phù ) 雨 ( vũ ) 切 ( thiết ) )[ 1] [ 2] [ 3] [ 4]
父 : Nôm readings: phụ [ 1] [ 3] [ 5] , phủ [ 1]
Affix
父 (phụ )
Chữ Hán form of phụ ( “ father ” ) .
Chữ Hán form of phụ ( “ elderly male relative ” ) .
Compounds
References