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in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
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Translingual
Symbol
ter
- (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Terêna.
English
Particle
ter
- (dialectal) Eye dialect spelling of to.
1946, Elizabeth Metzger Howard, Before the Sun Goes Down, page 31:
Preposition
ter
- (dialectal) Eye dialect spelling of to.
1913, Eleanor H. Porter, chapter 8, in Pollyanna, L.C. Page, →OCLC:"But he never speaks ter anybody, child—he hain't for years, I guess, except when he just has to, for business, and all that."
Adverb
ter (not comparable)
- (dialectal) Eye dialect spelling of to.
Anagrams
Abinomn
Noun
ter
- river
Albanian
Etymology 1
From Proto-Albanian *taura, from Proto-Indo-European *táwros.
Noun
ter m (plural tera, definite teri, definite plural terat)
- bull
- Synonym: dem
Declension
Derived terms
Etymology 2
From Proto-Albanian *tarsja, from *torseje, from Proto-Indo-European *torséyeti (“to make dry”), from *ters- (“dry”). Cognate to Sanskrit तृष्यति (tṛṣyati), Latin torreo, Old Norse þerra.
Verb
ter (aorist tera, participle terur)
- to dry, dry off
Derived terms
Related terms
References
Chuukese
Adjective
ter
- devastated, ruined
- disabled
Dutch
Etymology
Contraction of te + der (“the”, dative singular feminine).
Pronunciation
Contraction
ter
- for, for the (followed by a feminine singular noun, e.g., one ending in -ing).
Stichting ter Bevordering van de Duiksport- Foundation for the Advancement of Scubadiving
- in the
De Katholieke Universiteit Leuven is de oudste universiteit van de Nederlanden en tevens de oudste nog bestaande katholieke universiteit ter wereld.- The Catholic University of Leuven is the oldest university of the Low Countries and also the oldest still existing catholic university in the world.
Usage notes
Like ten, ter occurs mostly in fixed idiomatic expressions, while voor and in (+ de/het) are the standard. With feminine nouns ending in -ing, -te, -heid, etc., it still enjoys limited productivity:
- ter wikifiëring ― intended to be wikified (literally, “for the wikification”)
Derived terms
Related terms
French
Pronunciation
Adverb
ter
- (in street numbering) b; designating a third house with the same number
- 34 ter rue de Dunkerque ― 34b Dunkirk Street
Descendants
Further reading
Galician
Etymology
From Old Galician-Portuguese teer, from earlier tẽer, from Latin tenēre (“to hold, to have”), present active infinitive of teneō (“I hold, I have”).
Pronunciation
Verb
ter (first-person singular present teño, first-person singular preterite tiven, past participle tido)
ter (first-person singular present tenho, first-person singular preterite tivem or tive, past participle tido, reintegrationist norm)
- to hold, have
- to possess
- Synonym: posuír
- (auxiliary, with the preposition de) ought to
Murmurai murmuradores / non fartaivos de murmurar / que an'que vos salten os ollos / teño de rir e cantar (folk song)- Let's gossip, you gossipers / Never get tired of gossiping / 'cause even if your eyes pop out / I ought to laugh and sing.
1707, Salvador Francisco Roel, Entremés ao real e feliz parto da nosa raíña:Afonso:
E como està o afillado?
Christobo:
Esse jà quer ir a Escola,
pero porque non tèn sayo
està decote na Eyra
para escorrentar o Gando.
Afonso:
Pois esso non e ben feyto,
porque e vivo coma vn allo,
fino coma vnha pimenta,
e se quer ser Lecenceado
an que venda os bois do jugo
lle teño de dar estado.- Afonso:
How is doing my godchild?
Christobo:
He already want to go to school,
but since he has no robe
is all the time in the field
to drive away the livestock.
Afonso:
But this is not correct,
because he is smart as a whip,
acute as a pepper grain,
and if he wants to be a bachelor,
even if I have to sell the yoke oxen,
I ought to give him estate.
Conjugation
Conjugation of ter (irregular)
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
First-person (eu)
|
Second-person (ti / tu)
|
Third-person (ele / ela / você)
|
First-person (nós)
|
Second-person (vós)
|
Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
|
Infinitive
|
Impersonal
|
ter
|
Personal
|
ter
|
teres
|
ter
|
termos
|
terdes
|
terem
|
Gerund
|
|
tendo
|
Past participle
|
Masculine
|
tido
|
tidos
|
Feminine
|
tida
|
tidas
|
Indicative
|
Present
|
tenho
|
tés, tens
|
tem
|
temos
|
tendes
|
tenhem, têm, tém1
|
Imperfect
|
tinha
|
tinhas
|
tinha
|
tínhamos
|
tínhades, tínheis, tínhais1
|
tinham
|
Preterite
|
tivem, tive
|
tiveste, tiveche1
|
tivo, teve
|
tivemos
|
tivestes
|
tivérom, tiveram
|
Pluperfect
|
tivera
|
tiveras
|
tivera
|
tivéramos
|
tivérades, tivéreis, tivérais1
|
tiveram
|
Future
|
terei
|
terás
|
terá
|
teremos
|
teredes, tereis
|
terám, terão
|
Conditional
|
teria
|
terias
|
teria
|
teríamos
|
teríades, teríeis, teríais1
|
teriam
|
Subjunctive
|
Present
|
tenha
|
tenhas
|
tenha
|
tenhamos
|
tenhades, tenhais
|
tenham
|
Imperfect
|
tivesse
|
tivesses
|
tivesse
|
tivéssemos
|
tivéssedes, tivésseis
|
tivessem
|
Future
|
tiver
|
tiveres
|
tiver
|
tivermos
|
tiverdes
|
tiverem
|
Imperative
|
Affirmative
|
|
tem
|
tenha
|
tenhamos
|
tende
|
tenham
|
Negative (nom)
|
nom tenhas
|
nom tenha
|
nom tenhamos
|
nom tenhades, nom tenhais
|
nom tenham
|
Derived terms
Related terms
See also
References
- “te_er” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “teer” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “ter” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “ter” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “ter” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Indonesian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /tɛr/
- Hyphenation: tèr
Etymology 1
From Dutch teer (“tar”), from Proto-Germanic *terwą, from Proto-Indo-European *derwo-.
Noun
tèr (first-person possessive terku, second-person possessive termu, third-person possessive ternya)
- tar, the black, oily, sticky, viscous substance, consisting mainly of hydrocarbons derived from organic materials such as wood, peat, or coal.
Alternative forms
Etymology 2
Unknown.
Noun
tèr (first-person possessive terku, second-person possessive termu, third-person possessive ternya)
- Alternative spelling of tir.
Etymology 3
Learned borrowing from Latin ter (“thrice”).
Noun
tèr (first-person possessive terku, second-person possessive termu, third-person possessive ternya)
- (law) thrice, following bis (“second”)
Further reading
Latin
Etymology
From earlier terr, from Old Latin *tris, from Proto-Italic *tris, from Proto-Indo-European *trís.
Pronunciation
Adverb
ter (not comparable)
- thrice, three times
8 CE,
Ovid,
Fasti 5.247–248:
- ‘ter voluī prōmittere opem, ter lingua retenta est:
īra Iovis magnī causa timōris erat’- “Thrice I wanted to promise help, thrice tongue was stayed:
the anger of mighty Jupiter was the reason for fear.”
(The poetic voice is that of Flora.)
2004, Ephemeris:Olafur Ragnar Grimsson ter iam primarius minister Islandiae electus est.- Olafur Ragnar Grimsson has been elected as the president of Iceland for a third time.
Usage notes
- Ter is a prefix or suffix designating the third instance of a thing, thus following bis (“second”) and preceding quater (“fourth”).
Derived terms
References
- “ter”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ter”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- hence these tears; there's the rub: hinc illae lacrimae (proverb.) (Ter. And. 1. 1. 99; Cael. 25. 61)
- I'm undone! it's all up with me: perii! actum est de me! (Ter. Ad. 3. 2. 26)
- one thing still makes me hesitate: unus mihi restat scrupulus (Ter. Andr. 5. 4. 37) (cf. too religio, sect. XI. 2)
- to hiss a play: fabulam exigere (Ter. Andr. Pol.)
- these are mere empty phrases: haec verba sunt (Ter. Phorm. 3. 2. 32)
- what will become of me: quid (de) me fiet? (Ter. Heaut. 4. 3. 37)
- to love and make a bosom friend of a person: aliquem in sinu gestare (aliquis est in sinu alicuius) (Ter. Ad. 4. 5. 75)
- monstrous: o facinus indignum! (Ter. Andr. 1. 1. 118)
Middle Dutch
Contraction
ter
- Contraction of te der.
Middle English
Etymology 1
From Old English teoru, teru, from Proto-Germanic *terwą, from Proto-Indo-European *dérwom. Forms with a short vowel are possibly from an Old English form *teor with loss of the final vowel.
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
Noun
ter (uncountable)
- Tar or a similar substance.
Descendants
References
Etymology 2
Noun
ter
- Alternative form of teer (“tear”)
Etymology 3
Noun
ter
- Alternative form of teer (“good”)
Norwegian Bokmål
Verb
ter
- present of te (reflexive), (behave)
Anagrams
Old Prussian
Etymology
Perhaps cognate to Lithuanian and Latvian te (“here!, here you are!”), or to the related Lithuanian prefix te-, which can either express the hortative mood — as in tedirba, "may he work" — or, more pertinently, the meaning "only" — as in teturiu, "I have only". Possibly more distantly related to Russian тепе́рь (tepérʹ, “now”) and to Ancient Greek τῆ (tê, “here!”).
Alternatively, the Prussian morpheme -er- may be functionally equivalent to Latvian -ik-, Lithuanian -ik-, -iek-. For example, er (“until”) parallels Lithuanian iki, ik, and erains (“everyone”) parallels Latvian ikviens. Under this hypothesis, ter would be composed of t- (demonstrative prefix) + -er (suffix denoting extent), and thus be equivalent to Lithuanian tik (“only”) or tiek (“that much”).
Adverb
ter
- The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include: 1. only, merely; 2. than, other than.
- ter ains ― alone (literally, “only one”)
1561, Martin Luther, translated by Abel Will & Paul Megott, Stas Likuts Catechismus [The Small Catechism], →OCLC, page 115, line 25:bhe kai ſteſmu nimaſſi kittawidin pogalbton boūt / ter kai tans praſtan Crixtiſnan is Deiwan naunagimton- and that he may not be helped in any other way / that he was born new through baptism out of God
Usage notes
In the Old Prussian corpus, this only occurs one time outside of the combination ter ains; see the quotation above. In the original German text of the Catechism, the word denn (“than”) was used:
vnnd das jhm nicht anders geholffen werden moͤge / denn das es durch die Tauffe auß Gott Newgeboren- and that he may not be helped in any other way / than that he was born new through baptism out of God
Accordingly, Nesselmann glosses ter as als (“than”), which has displaced denn in this sense in modern German. However, there are good reasons to think that it may literally mean "only", discussed in the etymology above, and this is the meaning assumed by Fraenkel, Endzelīns, and Mažiulis. Schmalstieg mentions both potential meanings.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Fraenkel, Ernst (1955, 1962–1965), “tè”, in Litauisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume II, Heidelberg-Göttingen: Carl Winter and Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, page 1071
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 William R. Schmalstieg (1974) An Old Prussian Grammar, Pennsylvania State UP, →ISBN, pages 106, 112, 113
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Jānis Endzelīns (transl. W. R. Schmalstieg & B. Jēgers) (1971) Comparative phonology and morphology of the Baltic languages, De Gruyter, →ISBN, 458a, page 288
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 462
- ^ Jānis Endzelīns (1944) Altpreussische Grammatik (in German), Riga: Latvju Grāmata, →OCLC, 202b, page 143
- ^ Daniel Petit (2015), “On distributive pronouns in the Baltic languages”, in Baltic Linguistics, volume 6, →ISSN
- ^ G. H. F. Nesselmann (1873), “ter”, in Thesaurus linguae prussicae. Der preussische Vocabelvorrath (in German), Berlin: Harrwitz & Gossmann, page 187
- ^ Mažiulis, Vytautas (1988–1997), “ter”, in Prūsų kalbos etimologijos žodynas [Etymological dictionary of Old Prussian] (in Lithuanian), Vilnius
- ^ Vytautas Mažiulis (1981) Prūsų kalbos paminklai [Prussian-language monuments] (in Lithuanian), volume 2, Vilnius: Mokslas, page 221
Portuguese
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Old Galician-Portuguese teer, from earlier Old Galician-Portuguese tẽer, Latin tenēre.
Pronunciation
Verb
ter (first-person singular present tenho, first-person singular preterite tive, past participle tido)
- to have
- (transitive) to own; to possess; to have; to have got
Tenho uma bela casa.- I have a beautiful house.
- (intransitive) to be rich, to have plenty of money; or, to have enough money to live comfortably
Os caridosos sempre ajudam os que menos têm.- The charitable always help those who don’t have enough.
- (transitive) to have as a component or to consist of
Esta frase tem cinco palavras.- This sentence has five words.
As lanças têm cabos compridos.- Spears have long shafts.
- (transitive) to have (to be related in some way to, with the object identifying the relationship)
Este livro tem dono.- This book has an owner.
Tenho três irmãs.- I have three sisters.
- (transitive) to be in possession of; to have as part of one’s personal effects; to have in hand
O senhor tem a sua carteira?- Do you have your wallet on you?
- (transitive) to consist of a certain amount of units of measurement
Tenho quarenta anos.- I am forty years old.
- (literally, “I have forty years”)
Tenho 1,78 m de altura.- I am 1.78 m tall.
Esta caneta tem dez centímetros.- This pen is ten centimeters long.
- (transitive) to have a certain characteristic
Este jogo não tem graça.- This game isn’t fun.
- (literally, “this game doesn’t have fun”)
As palavras que dizes têm significado.- The words you say have meaning.
- (transitive) to be afflicted with a certain disease or other medical condition
Tens um resfriado.- You have a cold.
- (transitive) indicates that the subject has an event (the object) scheduled
Temos uma partida de xadrez daqui a uma semana.- We have a chess match in a week.
- (Brazil, intransitive) to receive one’s wage
Ainda não tive esse mês.- I still haven’t received my wage this month.
- (auxiliary with de or que and a verb in the infinitive) must; to have to
2003, J. K. Rowling, Lia Wyler, Harry Potter e a Ordem da Fênix, Rocco, page 538:Sinto muito ter de contradizê-la, Minerva, mas, como pode ver no meu bilhete, Harry tem obtido resultados muito fracos nas minhas aulas...- I'm sorry to contradict you, Minerva, but, as you can see in my note, Harry has obtained very weak results in my classes...
- (auxiliary) to have
- (imperfect indicative forms followed by a masculine singular past participle) forms the past perfect
Tínhamos já comido bolo.- We had eaten cake already.
- (present indicative forms followed by a masculine singular past participle) forms the present perfect progressive
Tenho comido muita carne ultimamente.- I have been eating a lot of meat lately.
- (conditional forms followed by a masculine singular past participle) forms the conditional perfect
Eu o teria comprado, se tivesse dinheiro.- I would have bought it, if I had money.
- (Brazil, impersonal, transitive) there be (to exist, physically or abstractly)
- Synonym: haver
Amanhã terá aula.- There will be class tomorrow.
Tem países em guerra naquela região.- There are countries at war in that region.
- (transitive) to give birth to
A vaca terá um bezerro.- The cow will give birth to a calf.
Estou tendo gêmeos!- I'm having twins!
- (copulative or transitive with por or como) to consider (assign some quality to)
Todos têm João por inteligente.- Everyone considers John to be intelligent.
João o tinha como amigo.- John considered him a friend.
- (transitive with com) to go to; to interact with somebody
Vá ter com a formiga, ó preguiçoso; considera os seus caminhos e sê sábio.- Go to the ant, you sluggard; consider its ways and be wise.
Usage notes
For verbs that distinguish between particípio passado curto (short past participle) and particípio passado longo (long past participle) — for example morrer (“to die”), whose short past participle is morto and long is morrido — when ter is used as an auxiliary verb, the long past participle must be used (like haver, and unlike ser and estar).
Conjugation
Quotations
For quotations using this term, see Citations:ter.
Synonyms
Derived terms
Related terms
Further reading
- “ter” in Dicionário Online de Português.
Salar
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic *dẹr (“sweat”).
Noun
ter
- sweat
References
Tenishev, Edhem (1976), “ter”, in Stroj salárskovo jazyká [Grammar of Salar], Moscow
Serbo-Croatian
Alternative forms
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *teže, from Proto-Slavic *te + *že.
Pronunciation
Conjunction
ter (Cyrillic spelling тер)
- (Croatia, poetic, archaic) and
- Synonyms: i, te
Sumerian
Romanization
ter
- Romanization of 𒌁 (ter)
Swedish
Verb
ter
- present indicative of te
Anagrams
Turkish
Etymology
From Ottoman Turkish تر (ter, “sweat”), from Proto-Turkic *tẹr (“sweat”). Cognate with Old Turkic (ter), Karakhanid تَرْ (ter), Azerbaijani tər, etc.
Pronunciation
Noun
ter
- sweat
Declension
Derived terms
Further reading
- “ter”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
Uzbek
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic *dẹr (“sweat”).
Noun
ter
- sweat
Vietnamese
Etymology
From French ter, from Latin ter (“thrice”).
Adverb
ter
- (in street numbering) b; designating a third house with the same number.
See also
References
- Đỗ Phi Hùng (2012-02-13), “Vẫn loay hoay trong "mê hồn trận" số nhà”, in Tuổi Trẻ (in Vietnamese), Ho Chi Minh City, retrieved 2022-03-12
Volapük
Pronunciation
Noun
ter (nominative plural ters)
- aunt or uncle
Declension
declension of ter
- 1 status as a case is disputed
- 2 in later, non-classical Volapük only
Hyponyms
Derived terms