stan

See also: Stan, stań, śtan, stán, ştan, -stan, stan', and -стан

English

Etymology 1

From Stan (“Stanley”), after the song Stan by Eminem (2000), a fictitious account of the rapper's encounter with an overly obsessive fan named Stan. Sometimes assumed to be a blend of stalker +‎ fan, but perhaps simply chosen for the rhyme.

Alternative forms

Stan

Pronunciation

(UK, North America) IPA^(key): /stæn/
enPR: stăn
Rhymes: -æn
Audio (AU) (file)
Audio (Southern England) (file)

Noun

stan (plural stans)

(Internet slang, sometimes derogatory) An extremely obsessive fan of a person, group, character, or creative work, particularly one whose fixation is unhealthy or intrusive.
IU stan

K-pop stan

Dream stan
- 2011 October 11, Vanessa Spates, “Whether in Britney's Army or Rihanna's Navy, stans need to surrender to sanity”, in The Lantern, volume 132, number 16, Ohio State University, page 9A:
  I know the in-depth detailed life of a stan because I am one. I'm one of those Lady Gaga fans, […]
- 2013 March 17, “Selena Gomez: She Is My Queen”, in Sunday Tribune, South Africa:
  I am the biggest stan for Selena because she is my queen. She made Disney interesting and I have always watched her.
- 2013 December 5, Jake Folsom, “Stans take dedication to extreme heights online, in real life”, in Washington Square News, volume 41, number 104, page 11:
  Incidents have occurred with stans showing up to pop stars' residences, as has happened with Madonna, Taylor Swift and others.
- 2020 June 21, “TikTok Teens and K-Pop Stans Say They Sank Trump Rally”, in New York Times‎:
  K-pop stans have been getting increasingly involved in American politics in recent months. After the Trump campaign solicited messages for the president’s birthday on June 8, K-pop stans submitted a stream of prank messages.
- 2022 April 29, Ezra Marcus, “Johnny Depp Case Brings Stan Culture Into the Courtroom”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN:
  “Stans will literally go to any extent to defend anyone,” he said of Mr. Depp’s supporters, adding: “Amber Heard, she has not got that fan base.”

Hypernyms

Hyponyms

sasaeng (K-pop fandom)

Derived terms

Verb

stan (third-person singular simple present stans, present participle stanning, simple past and past participle stanned)

(slang, transitive, intransitive) To act as a stan (for); to be an obsessive fan (of).
We stan a queen.
- For quotations using this term, see Citations:stan.

Translations

to be an obsessive fan (of)

Russian: стэнить (stä:nit')
Spanish: estanear

Etymology 2

Back-formation from -stan.

Alternative forms

Stan, 'Stan, 'stan, -stan, -Stan

Pronunciation

(Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /stɑːn/
- Audio (Southern England) (file)
(US) IPA^(key): /stæn/
enPR: stän

Noun

stan (plural stans)

One of the stans; any of the ex-Soviet countries and their neighbours whose name ends with "-stan" such as Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Kazakhstan.
- 2015 July 30, Jules Boykoff, “Beijing and Almaty contest Winter Olympics in human rights nightmare”, in The Guardian‎:
  This is a stan with a plan. Unlike Uzbekistan […] .

References

^ Eminem, Dido, Paul Herman (lyrics and music) (2000) “Stan”, in The Marshall Mathers LP, performed by Eminem: “[…] truly yours, your biggest fan, this is Stan”
^ Lili Feinberg (2015 July 20) “The emergence of the ‘stan’”, in Oxford Dictionaries Blog‎, archived from the original on 2015-07-23

Anagrams

ASNT, NTAs, Nast, Nats, Sant, Tans, Tsan, ants, nats, tans

Albanian

FWOTD – 4 February 2024

Etymology

Borrowed from South Slavic, from Proto-Slavic *stanъ (“camp”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈstan/

Noun

stan m (plural stane, definite stani)

place with huts and pens for shepherds and cattle; shed, fold, barn; hut, shelter
Synonyms: tëbanë, bun
- 1910–1947, “Kur më vjen burri nga stani”, Lasgush Poradeci (lyrics), Kristo Kono (music), performed by Tefta Tashko:
  Kur më vjen burri nga stani // kur më vjen ×3 // fërr-fërr-fërr më bën fustani // fërr-fërr-fërr ×3
  When my husband comes from the barn furr-furr-furr my dress flies.
flock of sheep
Synonyms: kope, grigjë
(derogatory) hostile group, gang, unit
Synonyms: grup, kamp

Declension

Declension of stan

	indefinite		definite
	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	stan	stane	stani	stanet
accusative	stan	stane	stanin	stanet
dative	stani	staneve	stanit	stanevet
ablative	stani	stanesh	stanit	stanevet

Derived terms

References

^ Meyer, G. (1891) “stan”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch der albanesischen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the Albanian Language] (in German), Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, →DOI, pages 391–392
^ Ylli, Xhelal (1997) Das slavische Lehngut im Albanischen (Slavistische Beiträge; 350)‎, volume 1. Lehnwörter, Munich: Otto Sagner, page 243
^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “stan”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 401
^ Omari, Anila (2012) “stan”, in Marrëdhëniet Gjuhësore Shqiptaro-Serbe, Tirana, Albania: Krishtalina KH, pages 268–269

Czech

Czech Wikipedia has an article on:

stan

Wikipedia ^cs

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech stan, from Proto-Slavic *stanъ.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key):
Rhymes: -an

Noun

stan m inan

tent

Declension

Declension of stan (hard masculine inanimate)

	singular	plural
nominative	stan	stany
genitive	stanu	stanů
dative	stanu	stanům
accusative	stan	stany
vocative	stane	stany
locative	stanu	stanech
instrumental	stanem	stany

Derived terms

Middle English

Noun

stan (plural stanes or stan)

Alternative form of stone

Old Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *stanъ.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): (13^th CE) /ˈstan/
IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /ˈstan/

Noun

stan m inan

Declension

Declension of stan (u-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	stan	stany	stanové, stani
genitive	stanu	stanú	stanóv
dative	stanovi, stanu	stanoma	stanóm
accusative	stan	stany	stany
vocative	stane	stany	stanové, stani
locative	stanu	stanú	staniech
instrumental	stanem	stanoma	stany

This table shows the most common forms around the 13th century.
See also Appendix:Old Czech nouns and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.

Descendants

Czech: stan

References

Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “stan”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění

Old Dutch

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *stān, from Proto-Germanic *stāną.

Verb

stān

To stand.

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Derived terms

Descendants

Middle Dutch: stâen
- Dutch: staan
  - Afrikaans: staan
  - Berbice Creole Dutch: tan
  - Jersey Dutch: stân
  - Negerhollands: staan, tan
  - → Biak: vestan
- Limburgish: staon

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *stain, from Proto-Germanic *stainaz, from Proto-Indo-European *steyh₂no-, *stih₂-no- (a suffixed form of *steyh₂- (“to be solid, to crowd together”)).

Cognate with Old Frisian stēn, Old Saxon stēn (German Low German Steen), Old Dutch sten, stein (Dutch steen), Old High German stein (German Stein), Old Norse steinn (Icelandic steinn, Faroese steinur, Norwegian Nynorsk stein, Norwegian Bokmål stein, sten, Danish sten, Swedish sten), Gothic 𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃 (stains). The Indo-European root is also the source of Ancient Greek στῖον (stîon, “pebble”), Proto-Slavic *stěnà (Bulgarian стена (stena), Russian стена́ (stená), Czech stěna (“wall”)).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /stɑːn/

Noun

stān m

stone

Declension

Declension of stan (strong a-stem)

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	stān	stānas
accusative	stān	stānas
genitive	stānes	stāna
dative	stāne	stānum

Derived terms

byrþenstān (“mill-stone”)
cweornstān (“quernstone”)
cynningstān (“trying-stone, die”)
eorcnanstān (“precious-stone”)
flōrstān (“floor-stone, pavement”)
fōtstān (“foot-stone, pedastal”)
fȳrstān (“firestone, flint”)
grundstān (“groundstone, cornerstone, foundation”)
hagolstān (“hailstone”)
hrōfstān (“roof-stone”)
hwamstān (“cornerstone, foundation”)
hwetstān (“whetstone”)
marmstān (“marble”)
mǣrstān (“mere-stone, boundary-mark”)
mylenstān (“millstone”)
sincstān (“jewel”)
stānbeorg (“stone-hill”)
stānbill (“stoneworking tool”)
stānbucca (“mountain goat”)
stānclif (“cliff, rock”)
stānclūd (“rock”)
stāncnoll (“rock summit, peak”)
stāncropp (“stonecrop”)
stāncynn (“a kind of stone”)
stānfæt (“stone vessel”)
stānfāh (“decorated with stones”)
stānhliþ (“rocky slope”)
stānhīewet (“stone quarry”)
stāniġ (“stony, rocky”)
stānlīm (“cement, mortar”)
stānmereċe (“parsley”)
stānweall (“stonewall”)
stānweorc (“stonework”)
stānweorþung (“worship of stones”)
stānweġ (“stoneway, stone path, pavement”)
stānwyrhta (“stone-wright”)
stānġiella (“stone-yeller, pelican”)
tæflstān (“die, game pawn”)
tigelstān (“tilestone”)
Wulfstān
ċealcstān (“chalk-stone”)
ċeosolstān (“sandstone, gravel”)
ġicelstān (“piece of ice, hailstone”)
ġimstān (“gemstone”)

Descendants

Middle English: ston, stan, stane, stoan, stone, stoon, stoone
- English: stone (see there for further descendants)
- Geordie English: styen
- Scots: stane
- Yola: sthoan
- → Anglo-Norman: ston

Old Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *stanъ. First attested in the 12th century.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE) /staːn/
IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /stɒn/

Noun

stan m ? (diminutive stanek, augmentative stanowisko or stanowiszcze, related adjective stanowy)

duty to support a ruler and his court, officials or team during a trip around the country, imposed on the rural population, converted over time into a tribute in kind or a pecuniary fee
- 1863 [1239], Jan Tadeusz Lubomirski, editor, Kodeks dyplomatyczny księstwa mazowieckiego‎, page 12:
  Quod neque przewoz, neque stan ducale et exercitus... ab eisdem hominibuis dux terre... expetet
  [Quod neque przewoz, neque stan ducale et exercitus... ab eisdem hominibuis dux terre... expetet]
- 1863 [1447], Jan Tadeusz Lubomirski, editor, Kodeks dyplomatyczny księstwa mazowieckiego‎, page 213:
  Ab eisdem serviciis, videlicet portacione pabulorum al. pycza, a coquina, ac tentoriis et habitaculorum al. stany laboribus absoluimus et liberamus
  [Ab eisdem serviciis, videlicet portacione pabulorum al. picia, a coquina, ac tentoriis et habitaculorum al. stany laboribus absoluimus et liberamus]
stopping, halting
- 1856-1870 [1497], Antoni Zygmunt Helcel, editor, Starodawne Prawa Polskiego Pomniki, volume VII, number 70:
  Quia nobilis Martinus... liberum misit nobilem Bernardum... a iuramento pro eo, quia ipsum reconvenit, quia ipse misit familiam suam in viam in stationibus al. w stanyech et qui vulneraverunt ipsum Martinum
  [Quia nobilis Martinus... liberum misit nobilem Bernardum... a iuramento pro eo, quia ipsum reconvenit, quia ipse misit familiam suam in viam in stationibus al. w staniech et qui vulneraverunt ipsum Martinum]
place of stopping or halting
- 1895 [1448–1450], Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, page 21:
  Wstawyami, aby ryczerz... pod pewną podnyeszoną chorangwyą na yey stanye (cum sua statione) staal
  [Ustawiamy, aby rycerz... pod pewną podniesioną chorągwią na jej stanie (cum sua statione) stał]
natural or artificial dwelling; temporary shelter, especially a tent
- 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Latin-Polish-German Florian Psalter]‎, Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 17, 13:
  W okrødze iego stan (tabernaculum) iego
  [W okrędze jego stan (tabernaculum) jego]
- 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Latin-Polish-German Florian Psalter]‎, Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 59, 6:
  Nyzinø stanow (convallem tabernaculorum) rozmerzø
  [Nizinę stanow (convallem tabernaculorum) rozmierzę]
- 1974 [1410], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty kaliskie, volume IV, number 315:
  Jaco Janusz ne beszal gwaltem na Stanislaw[ow] stan ani mu ran dal
  [Jako Janusz nie bieżał gwałtem na Stanisław[ow] stan ani mu ran dał]
place to stand; position
- 1930 [Fifteenth century], “Gen”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)‎, 7, 16:
  A ktore gest weszlo samyecz a samycza wszelkyego stworzenya, to gest kaszde w gego stan wwyodl, yakosz mu (sc. Noemu) to bil bog przikazal
  [A ktore jest weszło samiec a samica wszelkiego stworzenia, to jest każde w jego stan wwiodł, jakoż mu (sc. Noemu) to był Bog przykazał]
(in the plural, sometimes military)encampment, (area of the camp)
- 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Latin-Polish-German Florian Psalter]‎, Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 105, 17:
  Rozgnyewaly... Moyszesza w stanyech (in castris)
  [Rozgniewali... Mojiżesza w staniech (in castris)]
hunting lodge
- 1921 [1471], Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editor, Procesy twórcze formowania się społeczeństwa polskiego w wiekach średnich‎, page 197:
  Jako Rawa... w xanzeyi pusczyey podle swogych stanow w szwem sznamyenyv syeczy any stampycz na swyerz nye *stawyam
  [Jako Rawa... w księżej puszczej podle swojich stanow w swem znamieniu sieci ani stępic na źwierz nie stawia[m]]
storage building; granary
- 1856-1870 [1497], Antoni Zygmunt Helcel, editor, Starodawne Prawa Polskiego Pomniki, volume VII, number 6:
  Qui Albertus et Iacobus non venerunt, neque ipsam solutionem... fecerunt et domini iudicio praesidentes.. decreverunt ipsi nobili Ioni Boyanszki et iudicio domini palatini pignus de ipsius reposito al. sztanu et dederunt ac decreverunt sibi ministerialem ad expignorandum
  [Qui Albertus et Iacobus non venerunt, neque ipsam solutionem... fecerunt et domini iudicio praesidentes.. decreverunt ipsi nobili Joni Bojański et iudicio domini palatini pignus de ipsius reposito al. stanu et dederunt ac decreverunt sibi ministerialem ad expignorandum]
circle, circumference, region
- 1880 [Middle of the fifteenth century], Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności, volume V, page 253:
  Et ita fuit descriptum, quot homines erant in civitatibus, quot ciuitates in regione, w kalsdem gbycze, stanye, et quot regiones in orbe stanow bylo na szwyecze
  [Et ita fuit descriptum, quot homines erant in civitatibus, quot ciuitates in regione, w kalżdem gbicie, stanie, et quot regiones in orbe stanow było na świecie]
armed host of angel
- 1874-1891 [Fifteenth century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXIV, page 69:
  Inter quos (sc. angelos)... principem milicie, stanu, constituerat, sc. Luciferum
  [Inter quos (sc. angelos)... principem milicie, stanu, constituerat, sc. Luciferum]
state (set of circumstances applying at any given time)
- 1461–1467, Sermones. Rękopiśmienne ekscerpty pochodzące z rkpsu Archiwum i Biblioteki Krakowskiej Kapituły Katedralnej o sygn. 230 (dawna sygn. 1421/108 Mns) z roku 1461-1467, page 91v:
  Mutatur a presentis statu, [od] sta[nu] nineszego, dileccionis ad carenciam diuine uisionis [ku p]ostradanyv [wi]dzena bozego
  [Mutatur a presentis statu, [od] sta[nu] ninieszego, dileccionis ad carenciam diuine uisionis [ku p]ostradaniu [wi]dzenia bożego]

Derived terms

nouns

Related terms

verbs

stać impf

Descendants

Polish: stan
Silesian: stōn

References

Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “stan”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “stan”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Old Saxon

Alternative forms

standan

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *stān, from Proto-Germanic *stāną.

Verb

stān

To stand.

Conjugation

Conjugation of stān (irregular)

indicative	present	past
infinitive	stān
1st person singular	*stā	stōd
2nd person singular	stēs	stōdi
3rd person singular	stēd	stōd
plural	stād	stōdun
subjunctive	present	past
1st person singular	*stāe	stōdi
2nd person singular	*stāes	stōdis
3rd person singular	*stāe	stōdi
plural	*stāen	stōdin
imperative	present
singular	stā
plural	stād
participle	present	past
	stāndi	gistandan, standan

Descendants

Middle Low German: stān
- German Low German: stahn

Polish

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:

stan

Wikipedia ^pl

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish stan. Sense 1, sense 2 and sense 10 are semantic loans from Latin status.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /stan/
(Middle Polish) IPA^(key): /ˈstɒn/
Audio (file)
Rhymes: -an
Syllabification: stan

Noun

stan m inan (abbreviation st.)

state (a condition; a set of circumstances applying at any given time)
Synonym: kondycja
(politics) state (political division of a federation retaining a notable degree of autonomy, as in the United States, Mexico, Nigeria, or India)
(historical) state, echelon; caste; level (layer of society during the Middle Ages)
ring (group of people based on their profession or social function)
(literary, anatomy) waist (the part of the body between the pelvis and the stomach)
Synonym: talia
(literary) waist (a part of a piece of clothing that covers the waist)
(dated, anatomy) upper body
clothing for the upper body (Is there an English equivalent to this definition?)
part of clothing worn on the lower body between the crotch and belt (Is there an English equivalent to this definition?)
(obsolete) state (sovereign polity)
shape, form
Synonyms: forma, postać
state, mood
Synonyms: nastrój, usposobienie
(obsolete) number, amount
Synonyms: ilość, liczba
(Middle Polish, now historical) obligation to provide room and board during the journey of the ruler and his retinue, later changed into an annual monetary tribute
Synonym: stacja
(obsolete) four cubits of linen
(obsolete) profession
Synonym: zawód
(obsolete) bra, small corset
Synonyms: stanik, gorsecik
(obsolete, bureaucracy) document containing the office hours and location of a given official
(obsolete, beekeeping) beekeeper's shelter in the woods
(obsolete) flowerpot
Synonyms: donica, wazon
(obsolete) four wheels

Declension

Declension of stan

	singular	plural
nominative	stan	stany
genitive	stanu	stanów
dative	stanowi	stanom
accusative	stan	stany
instrumental	stanem	stanami
locative	stanie	stanach
vocative	stanie	stany

Derived terms

adjective

stanowy

adverbs

nouns

verbs

być w stanie impf
postawić w stan pf, stawiać w stan impf

Related terms

verbs

stać impf

Romanian

Noun

stan n (plural stanuri)

Alternative form of stană

Declension

Declension of stan

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) stan	stanul	(niște) stanuri	stanurile
genitive/dative	(unui) stan	stanului	(unor) stanuri	stanurilor
vocative	stanule		stanurilor

Serbo-Croatian

Serbo-Croatian Wikipedia has an article on:

stan

Wikipedia ^sh

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *stanъ.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /stâːn/
Rhymes: -âːn

Noun

stȃn m (Cyrillic spelling ста̑н)

flat, apartment
loom (tkàlačkī stȃn)

Declension

Declension of stan

	singular	plural
nominative	stȃn	stȁnovi
genitive	stana	stanova
dative	stanu	stanovima
accusative	stan	stanove
vocative	stane	stanovi
locative	stanu	stanovima
instrumental	stanom	stanovima

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:stan.

Derived terms

References

“stan” in Hrvatski jezični portal

Slovak

Slovak Wikipedia has an article on:

stan

Wikipedia ^sk

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *stanъ.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈstan/
Rhymes: -an

Noun

stan m inan (genitive singular stanu, nominative plural stany, genitive plural stanov, declension pattern of dub)

tent
(slang) erection, hard-on

Declension

Declension of stan

	singular	plural
nominative	stan	stany
genitive	stanu	stanov
dative	stanu	stanom
accusative	stan	stany
locative	stane	stanoch
instrumental	stanom	stanmi

Swedish

Alternative forms

sta'n

Etymology

Contraction of staden, the definite singular of stad.

Noun

stan

(colloquial) The town, the city.
på stan
downtown

Usage notes

Stockholmers insist that stan always refers to Stockholm and no other cities. The phrase inte i stan (“not in the town”) to them means outside of Stockholm, but to other Swedes it means outside of any town, i.e., in the countryside.

Anagrams

sant

[1] Eminem, Dido, Paul Herman (lyrics and music) (2000) “Stan”, in The Marshall Mathers LP, performed by Eminem: “[…] truly yours, your biggest fan, this is Stan”

[2] Lili Feinberg (2015 July 20) “The emergence of the ‘stan’”, in Oxford Dictionaries Blog‎, archived from the original on 2015-07-23

[3] Meyer, G. (1891) “stan”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch der albanesischen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the Albanian Language] (in German), Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, →DOI, pages 391–392

[4] Ylli, Xhelal (1997) Das slavische Lehngut im Albanischen (Slavistische Beiträge; 350)‎, volume 1. Lehnwörter, Munich: Otto Sagner, page 243

[5] Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “stan”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 401

[6] Omari, Anila (2012) “stan”, in Marrëdhëniet Gjuhësore Shqiptaro-Serbe, Tirana, Albania: Krishtalina KH, pages 268–269

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