發明

發明

1. to invent

   中國人發明了指南針、火藥、造紙和印刷術，這些被稱為中國四大發明。
   中国人发明了指南针、火药、造纸和印刷术，这些被称为中国四大发明。

   Zhōngguórén fāmíng le zhǐnánzhēn, huǒyào, zàozhǐ hé yìnshuāshù, zhèxiē bèi chēngwéi Zhōngguó Sì Dà Fāmíng.

   The Chinese invented the compass, gunpowder, papermaking and printing. They are known as the Four Great Chinese Inventions.

2. (literary) to expound

   • 皆學黃老道德之術，因發明序其指意。
     皆学黄老道德之术，因发明序其指意。

     From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE

     Jiē xué huánglǎo dàodé zhī shù, yīn fāmíng xù qí zhǐyì.

     These men studied the doctrines of the Yellow Emperor and Lao Tzu and propounded their own ideas according to these.

   • 崇一於此等處見得當已分曉，今日之問，正為發明此學，於同志中極有益。
     崇一于此等处见得当已分晓，今日之问，正为发明此学，于同志中极有益。

     From: 1524, 王陽明,《傳習錄》第168, translated by Chan Wing-tsit

     Chóngyī yú cǐ děng chù jiàn dé dāng yǐ fēnxiǎo, jīnrì zhī wèn, zhèng wèi fāmíng cǐ xué, yú tóngzhì zhōng jí yǒuyì.

     I believe you, Ch’ung-i, have understood these points clearly. Your question today is precisely for the purpose of elucidating this learning and is extremely beneficial to fellow students.

3. (literary) to show; to prove

   • 乃撰《搜神記》二十卷，以「發明神道之不誣」（自序中語），見《晉書》本傳。
     乃撰《搜神记》二十卷，以「发明神道之不诬」（自序中语），见《晋书》本传。

     From: 1924, Lu Xun, A Brief History of Chinese Fiction（《中國小說史略》）, translated in English by Yang Hsien-yi and Gladys Yang

     Nǎi zhuàn “Sōushénjì” èrshí juàn, yǐ “fāmíng shéndào zhī bù wū” (zìxù zhōng yǔ), jiàn “Jìnshū” běnzhuàn.

     He (Kan Pao) compiled his Records of Spirits in twenty books to prove the existence of supernatural beings. All this is related in his biography in the Tsin Dynasty History.

4. (Classical) to enlighten; to inspire

   • 清清冷冷，愈病析酲，發明耳目，寧體便人。此所謂大王之雄風也。
     清清冷冷，愈病析酲，发明耳目，宁体便人。此所谓大王之雄风也。

     From: c. mid-3rd century BCE, Song Yu (宋玉),《風賦》, translated into English as Wind by Herbert Giles, 1922

     Qīngqīng lěnglěng, yù bìng xī chéng, fāmíng ěrmù, níngtǐ biànrén. Cǐ suǒwèi dàwáng zhī xióngfēng yě.

     The effect of this wind upon those who are in it, is to make them look sad, and chilled, even to sobbing. Pure and fresh, it cures disease and sobers the drunk; it sharpens one’s sight and hearing; it gives repose to the body and comfort to the man; and thus it is called the virile wind of the sovereign.

5. (Korean Classical Chinese) to make excuses; to claim an alibi; to lie

   • 申檣、尹淮、鄭招等以爲：「憲府啓辭明白，而陞之上書，無所發明，宜勿復辨。」

     From: 《朝鮮王朝實錄》 (Journal of the Royal Secretariat), 1431

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

   • 其謀逆之書，吾見之，汝何敢發明乎？

     From: 《朝鮮王朝實錄》 (Joseon Veritable Records), 1730

     Gi moyeok ji seo, o gyeon ji, yeo ha gam balmyeong ho?

     As for those documents of treason, I have seen them myself! So how do you dare lie?

   • 汝言八月以前，無上京事，其果爲發明之端乎？

     From: 《朝鮮王朝實錄》 (Joseon Veritable Records), 1733

     Yeo eon par-wol ijeon, mu sanggyeong sa, gi gwa wi balmyeong ji dan ho?

     You say that before the eighth month, there is no time when you have come to the capital. Does that truly suffice to make an alibi?

發明

1. invention (Classifier: 個／个 m; 項／项 m)
2. (mythology) a kind of legendary bird from the east

   See also: 鷦明, 鷫鷞, 幽昌

發明 • (balmyeong) (hangeul 발명)

1. hanja form^? of 발명 (“invention; (archaic) elucidation, explanation; excuse”)

發明

1. chữ Hán form of phát minh (“invention”)

發明

1. chữ Hán form of phát minh (“to invent”)