. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
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in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
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neuter
no ending in lemma
with u-mutation in plural if possible
- The default for neuters without ending is gen -s, nom/acc pl - with u-mutation
- borð (“table; board”) (strauborð (“ironing board”)); many others; also ár (“year”), aldin (“fruit”) (greipaldin (“grapefruit”)), atóm (“atom”), bein (“bone”), blóm (“flower”), brauð (“bread”), bréf (“letter”), brekán (“coarse blanket”) (synonym: brekan), brjóst (“breast”), bú (“housekeeping; estate, farm”) (býflugnabú (“beehive”)), dýr (“animal”), geð (“mood, temper, disposition; mind, spirit; liking”), gólf (“floor”), , gull (“gold”), hár (“hair”), hjól (“wheel; bicycle”), hlé (“pause, break; lee”), hljóð (“sound”), horn (“horn; angle, corner”), hótel (“hotel”), hrísgrjón (“rice”), hús (“house”) (eldhús (“kitchen”), gróðurhús (“greenhouse”)), járn (“iron”) (hlújárn (“hoe”), hreykijárn (“hoe”), skrúfjárn (“screwdriver”), straujárn (“clothes iron”)), klósett (“closet”), korn (“grain, corn”), kort (“card; map”), krem (“cream”) (tannkrem (“toothpaste”)), kvöld (“evening”), lauf (“foliage”), léreft (“linen”), líf (“life”), lím (“glue, adhesive”), ljós (“light”), lok (“lid”), mál (“speech, language; matter, affair”) (tungumál (“language”)), naut (“bull”), orgel (“organ”), oxíð (“oxide”), píanó (“piano”), pródúkt (“product”), rúm (“bed; place, room, space”), sement (“cement”), skáld (“poet”), skinn (“hide, skin”), spil (“playing card; game of cards”), stál (“steel”), stígvél (“boot”), strá (“straw”) , stökk (“jump; gallop”), súlfít (“sulfite”), sverð (“sword”), systkin (“brother(s) and sister(s)”), tungl (“moon”), vé (“sanctuary”), ver (“sea; station, area; (pillow)case, cover”), verð (“price”), verk (“work”) (málverk (“painting”)), vín (“wine”) (brennivín (“brandy”)), vopn (“weapon”), þorp (“village”), þúsund (“thousand”) (also feminine), eð (“letter ð”), ypsílon (“letter Y; letter ypsilon”)
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Declension of borð (neuter)
- blað (“leaf; sheet of paper; newspaper”); many others; note that u-mutation without -u or -v in the ending is indicated by ^^; also afl (“power, strength”), bað (“bath”) (steypibað (“shower (when washing oneself)”)), bak (“back”), ball (“ball, dance”), band (“band, binding”) (límband (“adhesive tape”), málband (“measuring tape”), segulband (“magnetic recording tape”)), bar (“bar (unit)”), barn (“child”), fat (“dish; barrel; garment”), fjall (“mountain”) (eldfjall (“volcano”)), gagn (“use, advantage; (plural) data”), gas (“gas”), gat (“hole”), gramm (“gram”), gras (“grass”), lag (“layer; shape, condition; melody; (plural) law”), lak (“bedsheet”), lakk (“varnish”), land (“land, country”), magn (“quantity; strength, power”), nafn (“name”), raf (“amber; electricity (in compounds)”), salt (“salt”), sjónvarp (“television”), tal (“speech, conversation; enumeration, list”) (samtal (“conversation”)), útvarp (“broadcasting”), vatn (“water; lake”), vatt (“wadding; watt”), vaff (“letter V”)
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Declension of blað (neuter)
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Declension of andlit (neuter)
- bíó (“movie theater”); also óbó (“oboe”)
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Declension of bíó (neuter)
- bón (“polish”), bygg (“barley”), duft (“powder, dust”), gúmmí (“gum”) (tyggigúmmí (“chewing gum”)), kál (“cabbage”) (blómkál (“cauliflower”), hvítkál (“white cabbage”), rauðkál (“red cabbage”), rósakál (“Brussels sprouts”)), kjöt (“meat”), rafmagn (“electricity”), mjöl (“flour”), nælon (“nylon”), óson (“ozone”), sag (“sawdust”), sink (“zinc”), skrök (“falsehood, lie”), smjör (“butter”), sorp (“garbage, trash”), spé (“mockery”), súlfíð (“sulfide”), te (“tea”), tin (“tin”), viskí (“whiskey”)
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Declension of bón (sg-only neuter)
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Declension of emj (sg-only neuter)
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Declension of feðgin (pl-only neuter)
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Declension of trúsystkin (pl-only neuter)
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Declension of högg (neuter)
- jarðgöng (“tunnel”); unumut should be the default
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Declension of jarðgöng (pl-only neuter)
- kex (“cracker, dry cookie”); gen kex because clusters of consonant + ss not allowed; also pils (“skirt”)
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Declension of kex (neuter)
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Declension of pils (neuter)
- vax (“wax”); gen vax because clusters of consonant + ss not allowed
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Declension of vax (neuter)
- Ísland (“Iceland”); singular by default
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Declension of Ísland (sg-only neuter)
- bé (“letter B”); also cé (“letter C”), dé (“letter D”), eff (“letter F”), gé (“letter G”) (also ge), há (“letter H”), joð (“letter J”), ká (“letter K”), ell (“letter L”), emm (“letter M”), enn (“letter N”), pé (“letter P”), kú (“letter Q”), err (“letter R”), té (“letter T”)
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Declension of bé (neuter)
- ess (“letter S”), ex (“letter X”)
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Declension of ess (neuter)
- frí (“vacation”); listed as j-inserting in Thomson; likewise men (“necklace, collar”)
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Declension of frí (neuter)
- flet (“couch, interior bed”); listed as optionally j-inserting in Thomson; likewise kið (“goat kid”), net (“net”), veð (“pledge”)
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Declension of flet (neuter)
- folald (“foal”); also áhald (“appliance, instrument”), afsal (“conveyance (legal)”), akarn (“acorn”), almanak (“calendar”), átvagl (“glutton”), brekan (“coarse blanket”) (synonym: brekán), félag (“company, society”), fóarn (“gizzard”), forlag (“publishing house”), fosfat (“phosphate”), gímald (“large opening; vast space”), kafald (“snowfall”), karat (“carat”), karbónat (“carbonate”), kerald (“tub”), kjarald (“tub”), kolhýdrat (“carbohydrate”), líkan (“model; statue”), organ (“organ (musical; archaic)”), rekald (“flotsam”), salat (“salad; lettuce”), súlfat (“sulfate”)
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Declension of folald (neuter)
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Declension of meðal (neuter)
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Declension of hundrað (neuter)
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Declension of aðal (sg-only neuter)
- hafald (“heddle (guide thread in loom)”); uumut indicates double u-mutation with both a's going to ö
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Declension of hafald (neuter)
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Declension of hérað (neuter)
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Declension of óðal (neuter)
- söl (“dulse”) (plural-only, v-infixing, no unumut)
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Declension of söl (pl-only neuter)
irregular, ending in -é
- tré (“tree; wood”); def nom/acc sg -ð (no -i-); dat sg -; def nom/acc pl -n (no -i-); dat pl -m; def gen pl has no -a ending); all handled by <já> indicator; also hné (“knee”), kné (“knee”)
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Declension of tré (neuter)
- fé (“sheep; cattle; money”)
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Declension of fé (sg-only neuter)
with contraction, ending in -ur
- hreiður (“nest”); contraction is the default here; note that defcon (extra definite contraction) is also the default; also blómstur (“flower”), dægur (“day, night (12 hours)”), eitur (“poison”), fóður (“fodder; lining”), klaustur (“monastery”), kögur (“fringe”), leður (“leather”), myrkur (“darkness”), slátur (“sheep innards”), slíður (“scabbard”) (synonym: slíðrar, feminine plural), tjóður (“tether”), veður (“weather; storm”), öskur (“cry, roar”)
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Declension of hreiður (neuter)
- austur (“east”); contraction and defcon are the default here; also daður (“flirting; tailwagging”), fiður (“feathers; down”), veggfóður (“wallpaper”), gaspur (“idle talk, twaddle”), hreistur (“fish scale”), jórtur (“cud; cud chewing”), lamstur (“thrashing, beating”), norður (“north”), okur (“usury, profiteering”), púður (“gunpowder; (cosmetic) powder”), rökkur (“twilight”), silfur (“silver”), suður (“south”), sykur (“sugar”) (also masculine), timbur (“wood, lumber”), vestur (“west”), vikur (“pumice”) (also masculine), þvaður (“idle talk, twaddle”)
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Declension of austur (sg-only neuter)
- mastur (“mast”); contraction and defcon are the default here; u-mutation produces möstur in the plural
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Declension of mastur (neuter)
with contraction, a different ending
- höfuð (“head”); contraction is not the default here and defcon doesn't occur
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Declension of höfuð (neuter)
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Declension of gaman (sg-only neuter)
- megin (“power, strength”)
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Declension of megin (sg-only neuter)
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Declension of sumar (neuter)
- regin (“gods”); declension given as <regin, regin, rögnum, ragna> in Thomson but this must be obsolete; not in BÍN
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Declension of regin (pl-only neuter)
with -j- insertion
- kyn (“sex, gender; family, kind”); also ben (“wound”) (also feminine ben, also with j-insertion), ber (“berry”) (bláber (“blueberry, whortleberry, bilberry”), hindber (“raspberry”), jarðarber (“strawberry”), kirsuber (“cherry”), kirsiber (“cherry (proscribed)”), rifsber (“red or white currant”), sólber (“black currant”), stöngulber (“gooseberry”), týtuber (“red whortleberry”), vínber (“grape”)), dý (“bog”), egg (“egg”), él (“snow/hail snower”), , fen (“bog”), fley (“ship (poetic)”), fræ (“seed”), fyl (“unborn foal”), gil (“gorge, canyon”), gren (“lair, earth”) (also neuter greni), grey (“dog; poor wretch”), hey (“hay”), hregg (“storm”), hræ (“carcass, carrion”), lyf (“drug”), mý (“gnat; letter mu”), nef (“nose; beak”), nes (“ness, headland”), sel (“mountain cowhouse”), skegg (“beard”), sker (“skerry”), ský (“cloud”), stef (“verse, stanza; main point”), þil (“panel, partition”)
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Declension of kyn (neuter)
- blý (“lead (metal)”); listed as non-j-inserting in Thomson
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Declension of blý (neuter)
- ker (“large vessel, tub”) (baðker (“bathtub”)); listed as non-j-inserting in Thomson
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Declension of ker (neuter)
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Declension of rif (neuter)
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Declension of gler (neuter)
lemma ends in -i
without -j- insertion
- kvæði (“poem; song”); -i -i -i -is in singular, -i -i -um -a in plural; also anddyri (“entrance hall”), afmæli (“birthday”), akkeri (“anchor”), ankeri (“anchor”) (uncommon), atriði (“point, matter”), beisli (“bridle”), belti (“belt”), bindi (“volume; binding; necktie”), dæmi (“example”), efni (“substance, material”), frumefni (“element”), enni (“forehead”), epli (“apple”), fangelsi (“prison”), fiðrildi (“butterfly”), færi (“opportunity; fishing line”) (hljóðfæri (“musical instrument”), veiðarfæri (“fishing line”), verkfæri (“tool”)), gildi (“value”), heimili (“home”), heiti (“name, term”), hænsni (“hens, chickens”), kerfi (“system”), klæði (“cloth; (plural) clothes”) (handklæði (“towel”)), leyni (“hiding place”), limgerði (“hedge”), lýðveldi (“republic”), miðnætti (“midnight”), minni (“memory”), ráðuneyti (“ministry, government department”), rifrildi (“quarrel, banter”), salerni (“lavatory”), skeyti (“telegram”) (símskeyti (“telegram”)), slifsi (“necktie”), slipsi (“necktie”), stræti (“street”), stæði (“base, site; place”) (bílastæði (“parking place”)), verkstæði (“workshop”), sæti (“seat”), teppi (“cover, bedcover; carpet, rug”), gólfteppi (“carpet, rug”), kolvetni (“hydrocarbon”), viðskipti (“business, trade (plural except in fixed expressions)”), virði (“value”), þjóðerni (“nationality”)
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Declension of klæði (neuter)
- bindindi (“teetotalism, abstinence”); also eðli (“nature”), súrefni (“oxygen”), fæði (“food, board”), hveiti (“wheat, corn”), ildi (“oxygen”), kaffi (“coffee”), minnisleysi (“forgetfulness”), reynsluleysi (“inexperience”), leyti (“respect, extent”), hreinlæti (“cleanliness”), þakklæti (“gratitude”), marmelaði (“marmalade, jam”), fiskmeti (“fish for eating”), grænmeti (“vegetables”), hrámeti (“raw food”), léttmeti (“light food”), ljósmeti (“lamp fuel (e.g. oil)”), nýmeti (“fresh food”), næði (“rest, peace”) (húsnæði (“lodging, accommodations”)), sjálfstæði (“independence”), smjörlíki (“margarine”), súkkulaði (“chocolate”), umhverfi (“surroundings, environment”), vetni (“hydrogen”),
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Declension of bindindi (sg-only neuter)
- fræði (“branch of knowledge”), jafndægri (“equinox”), meðmæli (“recommendation”), mótmæli (“protest”), munnmæli (“tradition”), sannindi (“truth”), skæri (“(pair of) scissors”), bílastæði (“parking”), vísindi (“knowledge, learning”), raunvísindi (“science”), þægindi (“comfort”)
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Declension of fræði (pl-only neuter)
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Declension of trúarsystkini (pl-only neuter)
irregular
- læti (“behavior, demeanor”); likewise ólæti (“noise, racket”)
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Declension of læti (pl-only neuter)
- altari (“altar”); u-mutates to pl ölturu
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Declension of altari (neuter)
in -ki, -gi or with -j- insertion
- NOTE: Per Thomson, -j- insertion occurs in all neuter words ending in -ki and -gi, so it should be automatic.
- öryggi (“safety; fuse (electrical)”); Thomson lists it as without -j- insertion (possibly an error)
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Declension of öryggi (neuter)
- ríki (“state, kingdom”); also, engi (“meadow”), fylki (“county, district”), gengi (“exchange rate”), herbergi (“room”), líkneski (“statue”), lægi (“berth, anchorage; lay (of land)”), merki (“mark, sign; signal; symptom”) (frímerki (“postage stamp”), ), síki (“channel, ditch”), stykki (“piece”) (skrúfstykki (“vise”)), tæki (“appliance, apparatus, tool”) (farartæki (“vehicle”), fyrirtæki (“firm”), viðtæki (“radio receiver”)), veski (“lady's purse; billfold”), vígi (“fortress”), virki (“work, fortress”) (illvirki (“crime”), mannvirki (“erection, construction”)), æki (“wagon load”)
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Declension of ríki (neuter)
- áfengi (“alcoholic liquor”); also birki (“birch”), fiski (“fishing;large fish”) (also feminine meaning "fishing", mostly in fixed expressions) (heilagfiski (“halibut”)), fylgi (“support, following”), greni (“spruce; fir”), silki (“silk”),
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Declension of áfengi (sg-only neuter)
- Alþingi (“the Icelandic parliament”); should be singular-only, indefinite-only
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Declension of Alþingi (sg-only neuter)
- hádegi (“noon, midday”); Thomson lists it with -j- insertion but BÍN says without
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Declension of hádegi (neuter)
- greni (“den, lair (of some animals)”)
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Declension of greni (neuter)
lemma ends in -a
common nouns
- auga (“eye”); forms are -a -a -a -a, -u -u -um -a/-na (where the -u- endings trigger u-mutation); in the definite, -i- always drop out; all this should be the default for neuters in -a; also, gagnauga (“temple (at side of head)”), glerauga (“glass eye”), bjúga (“sausage”) (rarely feminine), eista (“testicle”), eyra (“ear”), , , lunga (“lung”), milta (“spleen”) (also neuter milti), nýra (“kidney”),þrúga (“snowshoe”) (more often feminine)
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Declension of auga (neuter)
- hjarta (“heart”); with u-mutation in nom/acc/dat pl
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Declension of hjarta (neuter)
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Declension of gleraugu (pl-only neuter)
- with genpl -a (the default): firma (“firm”), hnoða (“ball of yarn (archaic; also feminine)”), jóta (“iota”), sigma (“sigma”), síma (“string, cord (archaic)”), skema (“scheme”), tema (“theme, subject”), þema (“theme, subject”), esophagus
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Declension of firma (neuter)
- with genpl -a (the default) and u-mutation: lambda (“lambda”)
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Declension of lambda (neuter)
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Declension of allrahanda (sg-only neuter)
place names
- Flórída (“Florida”); sg-only, indef-only; also Kanada (“Canada”), Kína (“China”), , etc.
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Declension of Flórída (sg-only neuter)
two-part words
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- langabak (“?”) (with u-mutation in the plural löngubök)
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definite-only
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