today; modern; present today; modern; present; current; this; now |
morning; to face; towards morning; to face; towards; facing; direct; a dynasty; the imperial court; Korea, esp. N. Korea (abbrev.) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (今朝) | 今 | 朝 | |
| simp. #(今朝) | 今 | 朝 | |
| alternative forms | 跟朝 dialectal 根朝 dialectal | ||
今朝
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 今 | 朝 |
| けさ | |
| Grade: 2 | Grade: 2 |
| jukujikun | |
From Old Japanese. Originally a compound of 此 (ke, “this”) + 朝 (asa, “morning”).
The initial /ke/ is an alternative form of the initial /ko/ (此, “this”) seen in words such as ここ (koko, “this place → here”) or これ (kore, “this → this”), and the final /sa/ is a contraction from */ke.asa/ to /kesa/ with the medial -a- falling out, as Old Japanese did not permit vowel clusters.
It is the same element found in 今日 (kepu→kyō, “today”).
The use of the kanji 今 (“now”) instead of 此 (“this”) is an example of jukujikun (熟字訓).
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 今 | 朝 |
| こん Grade: 2 |
ちょう Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi | |
/konteu/ → /kontjoː/
From Middle Chinese compound 今朝 (MC kim trjew, literally “now morning”). The /eu/ → /joː/ sound shift is a regular phonological change.
| 時 (“Time”) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 日 (“Day”) | 週 (“Week”) | 月 (“Month”) | 年 (“Year”) | 暁 (“Morning”) | 朝 (“Morning”) | 夕 (“Evening”) | 晩 (“Evening”) | 夜 (“Night”) | ||
| Every | 毎日, 日日 | 毎週 | 毎月, 月月 | 毎年, 年年 | 毎朝 | 毎晩 | 毎夜 | |||
| Every other | 隔週 | 隔月 | 隔年 | |||||||
| Whole | 日間, 日中, 終日 | 週間 | 月間 | 年間, 年中, 終年 | 夜間, 夜中, 終夜 | |||||
| Half | 半日 | 半月 | 半年 | |||||||
| Absolute | −3 | 一昨昨日, 一昨々日 | 一昨昨年, 再昨年 | |||||||
| −2 | 一昨日 | 先々週 | 先々月 | 一昨年 | 一昨朝 | 一昨晩 | 一昨夜 | |||
| −1 | 昨日 | 先週, 昨週 | 先月, 後月, 去月, 昨月 | 去年, 昨年, 旧年 | 昨暁 | 昨朝 | 昨夕 | 昨晩 | 昨夜 | |
| 0 | 今日, 本日 | 今週 | 今月, 本月 | 今年, 本年 | 今暁 | 今朝 | 今夕 | 今晩, 今宵 | 今夜 | |
| +1 | 明日 | 来週, 次週 | 来月 | 来年, 明年 | 明朝 | 明晩 | 明夜 | |||
| +2 | 明後日 | 再来週 | 再来月 | 再来年, 明後年 | ||||||
| +3 | 明明後日, 弥の明後日 | |||||||||
| +4 | 弥の明後日, 明明後日, 明明明後日 | |||||||||
| Relative | −2 | 前前日 | 前前週 | 前前月 | 前前年 | |||||
| −1 | 前日 | 前週 | 前月 | 前年 | 前夕 | 前夜 | ||||
| 0 | 当日, 同日 | 当週 | 当月 | 当年, 同年 | 当夜 | |||||
| +1 | 翌日 | 翌週 | 翌月 | 翌年 | 翌朝 | 翌晩 | ||||
| +2 | 翌翌日 | 翌翌週 | 翌翌月 | 翌翌年 | ||||||
| Usage note: 前 and 翌 may be repeated further or instead use the 々 iteration mark | ||||||||||