mer

See also: Appendix:Variations of "mer"

English

Etymology 1

Noun

mer (plural mers)

(chemistry) A repeat unit: a structural unit which through repetition forms a polymer.
- 2010, Mikell P. Groover, Fundamentals of Modern Manufacturing (4th Edition), page 9:
  A polymer is a compound formed of repeating structural units called mers, whose atoms share electrons to form very large molecules.

Etymology 2

Noun

mer pl (plural only)

(fantasy) merpeople
- 2013, Missy Fleming, Into the Deep, page 65:
  There are mermaids and mermen everywhere. They swim above us and linger in nooks and arched doorways. It's impossible not to stare. The mer are as diverse as humans—all ages, size, shape, and color.

Etymology 3

See mayor.

Noun

mer (plural mers)

(obsolete) Alternative form of mayor and mair.

Anagrams

EMR, ERM, MRE, R.E.M., REM, Rem, erm, rem

Aromanian

Alternative forms

meru

Etymology 1

From Late Latin mēlum, from Latin mālum. Compare Daco-Romanian măr.

Noun

mer n (plural meari/meare)

apple

Derived terms

mirush

Etymology 2

From Vulgar Latin *mēlus, from Latin mālus.

Noun

mer m (plural meri)

apple tree

Derived terms

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin merus.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencian)

Adjective

mer (feminine mera, masculine plural mers, feminine plural meres)

mere, simple

Derived terms

merament

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse merr, from Proto-Germanic *marhijō.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /meːɹ/
Rhymes: -eːɹ

Noun

mer f (genitive singular merar, plural merar)

mare, female horse
Synonym: ryssa

Declension

f6	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	mer	merin	merar	merarnar
Accusative	mer	merina	merar	merarnar
Dative	mer	merini	merum	merunum
Genitive	merar	merarinnar	mera	meranna

French

Etymology

Inherited from Middle French mer, from Old French mer, from Latin mare, from Proto-Italic *mari, from Proto-Indo-European *móri.

The word is almost unparalleled as a Latin neuter that has become feminine without being a backformation from a plural in -a (French -e). This has been ascribed to the influence of terre (“land”). In most other Romance languages it is a masculine, the main exception being Romanian mare f.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /mɛʁ/
Audio (France, Paris) (file)
Audio (CAN) (file)
Rhymes: -ɛʁ
Homophones: maire, maires, mère, mères, mers

Noun

mer f (plural mers)

(countable) sea (large body of water)
- 2018, Zaz, J'aime, j'aime:
  J’aime, j’aime, j’aime la solitude parfois. mais j’aime pas les cris quand ils ne s’arrêtent pas, quand les émotions me plongent en mer enragée, quand le manque de moi me fait divaguer.
  I love, I love, I sometimes love the loneliness/solitude. But I don't love the crying when it won't stop, when the emotions plunge me into the enraged sea, when the absence of myself makes me wander.
(uncountable, used with the definite article) the ocean (the continuous body of salt water covering a majority of the Earth's surface)
Synonym: océan

Derived terms

Related terms

marin
marine

Descendants

Antillean Creole: lanmè
Haitian Creole: lanmè
→ Volapük: mel

Hungarian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key):
Audio (file)
Rhymes: -ɛr

Etymology 1

From Proto-Ugric *märɜ- (“to believe, have faith in dare”).

Verb

mer

(auxiliary with an infinitive) to dare (to have the courage to do something)
Nem merek bemenni. ― I don’t dare to enter / I daren’t enter.

Conjugation

conjugation of mer

Other forms	Verbal noun		Present part.	Past part.	Future part.	Adverbial participle		Causative
Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indicative mood	Present	Indef.	merek	mersz	mer	merünk	mertek	mernek
		Def.	merem	mered	meri	merjük	meritek	merik
		2nd-p. o.	merlek	―
	Past	Indef.	mertem	mertél	mert	mertünk	mertetek	mertek
		Def.	mertem	merted	merte	mertük	mertétek	merték
		2nd-p. o.	mertelek	―
	Future		Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. merni fog.
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	merék	merél	mere	merénk	merétek	merének
		Def.	merém	meréd	meré	merénk	merétek	merék
		2nd-p. o.	merélek	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. mer vala, mert vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	merendek	merendesz	merend	merendünk	merendetek	merendenek
		Def.	merendem	merended	merendi	merendjük	merenditek	merendik
		2nd-p. o.	merendelek	―
Conditional mood	Present	Indef.	mernék	mernél	merne	mernénk	mernétek	mernének
		Def.	merném	mernéd	merné	mernénk (or mernők)	mernétek	mernék
		2nd-p. o.	mernélek	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. mert volna
Subjunctive mood	Present	Indef.	merjek	merj or merjél	merjen	merjünk	merjetek	merjenek
		Def.	merjem	merd or merjed	merje	merjük	merjétek	merjék
		2nd-p. o.	merjelek	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. mert légyen
Infinitive	merni		mernem	merned	mernie	mernünk	mernetek	merniük
Other forms	merés		merő	mert	merendő	merve (mervén)
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs).

potential conjugation of mer

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indicative mood	Present	Indef.	merhetek	merhetsz	merhet	merhetünk	merhettek	merhetnek
		Def.	merhetem	merheted	merheti	merhetjük	merhetitek	merhetik
		2nd-p. o.	merhetlek	―
	Past	Indef.	merhettem	merhettél	merhetett	merhettünk	merhettetek	merhettek
		Def.	merhettem	merhetted	merhette	merhettük	merhettétek	merhették
		2nd-p. o.	merhettelek	―
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	merheték	merhetél	merhete	merheténk	merhetétek	merhetének
		Def.	merhetém	merhetéd	merheté	merheténk	merhetétek	merheték
		2nd-p. o.	merhetélek	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. merhet vala, merhetett vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	merhetendek or merandhatok	merhetendesz or merandhatsz	merhetend or merandhat	merhetendünk or merandhatunk	merhetendetek or merandhattok	merhetendenek or merandhatnak
		Def.	merhetendem or merandhatom	merhetended or merandhatod	merhetendi or merandhatja	merhetendjük or merandhatjuk	merhetenditek or merandhatjátok	merhetendik or merandhatják
		2nd-p. o.	merhetendelek or merandhatlak	―
Conditional mood	Present	Indef.	merhetnék	merhetnél	merhetne	merhetnénk	merhetnétek	merhetnének
		Def.	merhetném	merhetnéd	merhetné	merhetnénk (or merhetnők)	merhetnétek	merhetnék
		2nd-p. o.	merhetnélek	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. merhetett volna
Subjunctive mood	Present	Indef.	merhessek	merhess or merhessél	merhessen	merhessünk	merhessetek	merhessenek
		Def.	merhessem	merhesd or merhessed	merhesse	merhessük	merhessétek	merhessék
		2nd-p. o.	merhesselek	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. merhetett légyen
Inf.	(merhetni)		(merhetnem)	(merhetned)	(merhetnie)	(merhetnünk)	(merhetnetek)	(merhetniük)
Positive adjective			merhető	Neg. adj.	merhetetlen	Adv. part.	(merhetve / merhetvén)

Derived terms

(merény (archaic) → merényel (archaic) →) merénylet, merénylő
merész

Compound words

(merő →) vakmerő

Expressions

aki mer, az nyer

Etymology 2

From Proto-Ugric *märɜ- (“to dive, plunge”).

Verb

mer

(transitive) to ladle, scoop (to get some liquid or grainy substance out of somewhere by turning in a bowl-shaped object and let it fill)

Conjugation

conjugation of mer

Other forms	Verbal noun		Present part.	Past part.	Future part.	Adverbial participle		Causative
Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indicative mood	Present	Indef.	merek	mersz	mer	merünk	mertek	mernek
		Def.	merem	mered	meri	merjük	meritek	merik
		2nd-p. o.	merlek	―
	Past	Indef.	mertem	mertél	mert	mertünk	mertetek	mertek
		Def.	mertem	merted	merte	mertük	mertétek	merték
		2nd-p. o.	mertelek	―
	Future		Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. merni fog.
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	merék	merél	mere	merénk	merétek	merének
		Def.	merém	meréd	meré	merénk	merétek	merék
		2nd-p. o.	merélek	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. mer vala, mert vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	merendek	merendesz	merend	merendünk	merendetek	merendenek
		Def.	merendem	merended	merendi	merendjük	merenditek	merendik
		2nd-p. o.	merendelek	―
Conditional mood	Present	Indef.	mernék	mernél	merne	mernénk	mernétek	mernének
		Def.	merném	mernéd	merné	mernénk (or mernők)	mernétek	mernék
		2nd-p. o.	mernélek	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. mert volna
Subjunctive mood	Present	Indef.	merjek	merj or merjél	merjen	merjünk	merjetek	merjenek
		Def.	merjem	merd or merjed	merje	merjük	merjétek	merjék
		2nd-p. o.	merjelek	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. mert légyen
Infinitive	merni		mernem	merned	mernie	mernünk	mernetek	merniük
Other forms	merés		merő	mert	merendő	merve (mervén)
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs).

potential conjugation of mer

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indicative mood	Present	Indef.	merhetek	merhetsz	merhet	merhetünk	merhettek	merhetnek
		Def.	merhetem	merheted	merheti	merhetjük	merhetitek	merhetik
		2nd-p. o.	merhetlek	―
	Past	Indef.	merhettem	merhettél	merhetett	merhettünk	merhettetek	merhettek
		Def.	merhettem	merhetted	merhette	merhettük	merhettétek	merhették
		2nd-p. o.	merhettelek	―
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	merheték	merhetél	merhete	merheténk	merhetétek	merhetének
		Def.	merhetém	merhetéd	merheté	merheténk	merhetétek	merheték
		2nd-p. o.	merhetélek	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. merhet vala, merhetett vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	merhetendek or merandhatok	merhetendesz or merandhatsz	merhetend or merandhat	merhetendünk or merandhatunk	merhetendetek or merandhattok	merhetendenek or merandhatnak
		Def.	merhetendem or merandhatom	merhetended or merandhatod	merhetendi or merandhatja	merhetendjük or merandhatjuk	merhetenditek or merandhatjátok	merhetendik or merandhatják
		2nd-p. o.	merhetendelek or merandhatlak	―
Conditional mood	Present	Indef.	merhetnék	merhetnél	merhetne	merhetnénk	merhetnétek	merhetnének
		Def.	merhetném	merhetnéd	merhetné	merhetnénk (or merhetnők)	merhetnétek	merhetnék
		2nd-p. o.	merhetnélek	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. merhetett volna
Subjunctive mood	Present	Indef.	merhessek	merhess or merhessél	merhessen	merhessünk	merhessetek	merhessenek
		Def.	merhessem	merhesd or merhessed	merhesse	merhessük	merhessétek	merhessék
		2nd-p. o.	merhesselek	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. merhetett légyen
Inf.	(merhetni)		(merhetnem)	(merhetned)	(merhetnie)	(merhetnünk)	(merhetnetek)	(merhetniük)
Positive adjective			merhető	Neg. adj.	merhetetlen	Adv. part.	(merhetve / merhetvén)

Derived terms

(With verbal prefixes):

References

^ Entry #1806 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
^ Entry #1805 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.

Hunsrik

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /mɐ/

Pronoun

mer

unstressed dative of ich.

Inflection

Hunsrik personal pronouns

	nominative		accusative		dative
	Proclitic	Enclitic	str.	unstr.	str.	unstr.
1st person singular	ich eich	-ich	mich meich		meer	mer m'r
2nd person singular (informal)	du dau/Dau	-du, -de -Dau, -De	dich deich/Deich		deer	der d'r/D'r
3rd person singular (m.)	er; där	-er	ihn	en	ihm	em
3rd person singular (f.)	sie; die	-se	sie / ihns	se	eer ehr	re
3rd person singular (n.)	es; das et, 't	's	es et	-et, -'t	ihm	em
1st person plural	meer	mer	uns uhs
2nd person plural	deer Ehr, Dehr	der	eich Auch
3rd person plural	sie; die	-se	sie	se	denne

Livonian

Alternative forms

mie'r, meŕ (Courland)

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *meri. Akin to Finnish meri.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /mer/

Noun

me'r

sea

Declension

Declension of mer (83)

	singular (ikšlug)	plural (pǟgiņlug)
nominative (nominatīv)	mer	mierūd
genitive (genitīv)	mier	mierūd
partitive (partitīv)	mīerda	meŗḑi
dative (datīv)	mierrõn	mierūdõn
instrumental (instrumentāl)	mierkõks	mierūdõks
illative (illatīv)	mierrõ	mierīž
inessive (inesīv)	miersõ	meŗši
elative (elatīv)	mierstõ	meŗšti

Derived terms

Lolopo

Etymology

From Proto-Loloish *mo² (Bradley). Cognate with Nuosu ꂿꃅ (mo mu).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key):

Noun

mer

(Yao'an) sky, heaven

Luxembourgish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /mɐ/

Pronoun

mer

unstressed form of mir

Declension

Luxembourgish personal pronouns

		nominative		accusative		dative		reflexive
		str.	unstr.	str.	unstr.	str.	unstr.	reflexive
1st person singular		ech	—	mech	—	mir	mer	like dat. and acc.
2nd person singular (informal)		du	de	dech	—	dir	der	like dat. and acc.
2nd person singular (formal)		Dir	Der	Iech	Iech	Iech	Iech	Iech
3rd person singular	m	hien	en	hien	en	him	em	sech
	f	si	se	si	se	hir	er	sech
	n	hatt	et ('t)	hatt	et ('t)	him	em	sech
1st person plural		mir	mer	eis (ons)	—	eis (ons)	—	eis (ons)
2nd person plural		dir	der	iech	iech	iech	iech	iech
3rd person plural		si	se	si	se	hinnen	en	sech

Middle French

Etymology

From Old French mer, from Latin mare, from Proto-Indo-European *móri.

Noun

mer f (plural mers)

sea (large body of water)

Related terms

marin

Descendants

French: mer

Mòcheno

Etymology

From Middle High German mir, from Old High German mir, from Proto-Germanic *miz, dative and instrumental of *ek. Cognate with German mir, English me.

Pronoun

mer

dative of i: me, to me

References

“mer” in Cimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples. 2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.

Northern Kurdish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /mɛɾ/

Noun

mer f

spade (a garden tool with a handle and a flat blade for digging)

Norwegian Bokmål

Alternative forms

mere

Etymology

From Old Norse meiri.

Adjective

mer

comparative degree of mye

Adverb

mer

more; used in forming the comparative form of long/foreign adjectives

Derived terms

mer eller mindre

References

“mer” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Old French

Etymology

From Latin mare, from Proto-Indo-European *móri.

Noun

mer oblique singular, f (oblique plural mers, nominative singular mer, nominative plural mers)

sea (large body of water)

Related terms

marin

Descendants

French: mer
- Antillean Creole: lanmè
- Haitian Creole: lanmè
- → Volapük: mel
Norman: mé (Jersey)
Walloon: mer

Old Saxon

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *maiz.

Adverb

mēr

more

Pennsylvania German

Etymology 1

Cognate to German wir, mir.

Pronoun

mer

we, first person plural nominative pronoun.

Declension

Pennsylvania German personal pronouns

	1st person	2nd person familiar	2nd person polite/formal	3rd person			1st person	2nd person	3rd person
	singular						plural
	1st person	2nd person familiar	2nd person polite/formal	m	f	n	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
nominative	ich	du de¹	dihr der¹ Sie	er	sie se¹	es	mir mer¹	dihr der¹	sie
dative	mir mer¹	dir der¹	eich Ihne Ne¹	ihm em¹	ihre re¹	ihm em¹	uns	eich	ihne ne¹
accusative	mich	dich	eich Sie	ihn en¹	sie se¹	es	uns	eich	sie

¹unstressed

Alternative forms

mir

Etymology 2

Cognate to German mir.

Pronoun

mer

dative of ich: me, to me

Declension

Pennsylvania German personal pronouns

	1st person	2nd person familiar	2nd person polite/formal	3rd person			1st person	2nd person	3rd person
	singular						plural
	1st person	2nd person familiar	2nd person polite/formal	m	f	n	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
nominative	ich	du de¹	dihr der¹ Sie	er	sie se¹	es	mir mer¹	dihr der¹	sie
dative	mir mer¹	dir der¹	eich Ihne Ne¹	ihm em¹	ihre re¹	ihm em¹	uns	eich	ihne ne¹
accusative	mich	dich	eich Sie	ihn en¹	sie se¹	es	uns	eich	sie

¹unstressed

Alternative forms

mir

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronoun

mer

one, indefinite third person singular nominative pronoun.

References

Kate Burridge, Changes with Pennsylvania German, in Ethnosyntax (2002), page 226: mer saage nett (we don't say )

Polish

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:

Mer (urzędnik)

Wikipedia ^pl

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:

Mer (chemia)

Wikipedia ^pl

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /mɛr/
Audio (file)
Rhymes: -ɛr
Syllabification: mer

Etymology 1

Borrowed from French maire. Doublet of major.

Noun

mer m pers

mayor (in France and other countries, the chief executive of the municipal government of a city, borough, etc.)

Declension

Declension of mer

	singular	plural
nominative	mer	merowie
genitive	mera	merów
dative	merowi	merom
accusative	mera	merów
instrumental	merem	merami
locative	merze	merach
vocative	merze	merowie

Derived terms

adjective

merowski

noun

merostwo

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English mer, from Ancient Greek μέρος (méros).

Noun

mer m inan

(chemistry) mer, repeat unit

Declension

Declension of mer

	singular	plural
nominative	mer	mery
genitive	meru	merów
dative	merowi	merom
accusative	mer	mery
instrumental	merem	merami
locative	merze	merach
vocative	merze	mery

Related terms

noun

polimer

Romansch

Alternative forms

mar (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Vallader)

Etymology

From Latin mare, from Proto-Indo-European *móri.

Noun

mer m (plural mers)

(Puter) sea

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish mēr, from Old Norse meir, from Proto-Germanic *maiz.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /meːr/
audio (file)

Adjective

mer

Comparative form of mycket, used in construction of comparative form of certain adjectives; more.

References

mer in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
mer in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)

Anagrams

rem

Walloon

Etymology

From Old French mer, from Latin mare, from Proto-Indo-European *móri.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /meʀ/

Noun

mer ? (plural mers)

sea

Welsh

Adjective

mer

Nasal mutation of ber (“short”).

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
ber	fer	mer	unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

[1] Entry #1806 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.

[2] Entry #1805 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.

Wikious

Boobota

Sagapedia