孔

Stroke order

孔 (Kangxi radical 39, 子+1, 4 strokes, cangjie input 弓木山 (NDU), four-corner 1241₀, composition ⿰子乚)

• 吼, 𪣂, 𢗵, 𢪬, 犼, 𭥛, 𦙥, 𣏺, 𤆺, 𬗆, 𧉔, 𫁎, 𡰼, 芤, 𥥅, 𩫂, 𡵾, 𥤾, 𡦀

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 277, character 9
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6933
• Dae Jaweon: page 544, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1008, character 4
• Unihan data for U+5B54

Historical forms of the character 孔
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Bronze inscriptions: Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 丿 (“opening”) + 子 (“child”) – opening in the skull of a newborn, i.e. fontanelle.

"hole"

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(g/k)uŋ (“hole; orifice; inner part”). 孔 (OC *kʰloːŋʔ, “hole”) is probably the endoactive derivation of 空 (OC *kʰoːŋ, “hollow; empty”) (Schuessler, 2007). Cognate with Tibetan ཁུང (khung, “hole”), Jingpho ladi hku (lədî hkū, “nostril”), Chepang घाङ् (gʰaŋ, “hole”), Burmese အခေါင်း (a.hkaung:, “hollow place; cavity”), Naxi kho³³ (“cave; hole; pit”) (STEDT).

"peacock"

Starostin reconstructs 孔 (OC *khōŋ) and compares it to Proto-Vietic *k-voːŋ. Compare also Semai kuwok, Semnam kwɔːŋ.

孔

1. hole; aperture; opening

   鼻孔  ―  bíkǒng  ―  nostril

2. classifier for cave dwellings, oil wells, etc..
3. (literary, for irrigation, drainage) ditch; trench; canal; channel
4. (literary, or in compounds) profound; far-reaching
5. (literary, or in compounds) unimpeded; unblocked
6. (literary, or in compounds) large
7. (literary, or in compounds) fine
8. (literary, or in compounds) very; extremely
9. (literary, or in compounds) peacock; peafowl
10. a surname

    孔祥熙  ―  Kǒng Xiángxī  ―  H. H. Kung (Chinese banker and politician)

11. (specifically) Short for 孔子 (Kǒngzǐ, “Confucius”).

    祭孔  ―  jì Kǒng  ―  worship of Confucius

    批林批孔  ―  pī Lín pī Kǒng  ―  (historical) Criticize Lin Biao and Confucius movement

12. (Quanzhou Hokkien) classifier for partitioned grid units in a tool.

• (hole):

• (ditch): 渠道 (qúdào), 水道 (shuǐdào)
• (profound):

• (very):

• (peacock): 孔雀 (kǒngquè)
• (Confucius):

• “孔”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

(Jōyō kanji)

1. cavity

• Go-on: く (ku)、くう (kū)
• Kan-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)
• Kun: あな (ana, 孔)、はなはだ (hanahada, 孔だ)

孔 (eumhun 구멍 공 (gumeong gong))

1. hanja form^? of 공 (“opening, hole”)

孔: Hán Nôm readings: khổng, hỏng, hổng, khỏng, khủng

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.