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茹 . In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
茹 , but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
茹 in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
茹 you have here. The definition of the word
茹 will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
茹 , as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Translingual
Han character
茹 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸 +6, 12 strokes, cangjie input 廿女口 (TVR ), four-corner 44460 , composition ⿱艹 如 )
roots
vegetables
eat
to bear ; withstand
Derived characters
References
Kangxi Dictionary: page 1029 , character 10
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30921
Dae Jaweon: page 1488, character 4
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3211, character 11
Unihan data for U+8339
Chinese
Glyph origin
Old Chinese
拿
*rnaː
拏
*rnaː
詉
*rnaː
蒘
*rnaː, *na
笯
*rnaː, *naː, *naːs
挐
*rnaː, *na
絮
*rnaːs, *nas, *snas, *nas
呶
*rnaːw
怓
*rnaːw
帑
*n̥ʰaːŋʔ, *naː
奴
*naː
砮
*naː, *naːʔ
駑
*naː
孥
*naː
努
*naːʔ
弩
*naːʔ
怒
*naːʔ, *naːs
袽
*na
帤
*na
女
*naʔ, *nas
籹
*naʔ
恕
*hnjas
如
*nja, *njas
茹
*nja, *njaʔ, *njas
洳
*nja, *njas
鴽
*nja
蕠
*nja
汝
*njaʔ
肗
*njaʔ
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声 , OC *nja, *njaʔ, *njas ): semantic 艹 ( “ grass, plants ” ) + phonetic 如 ( OC *nja, *njas ) – plant roots, part of a plant.
Etymology 1
Schuessler (2007) proposes an Austroasiatic origin; compare Kharia ( ɲoʔ , “ to eat ” ) and Proto-Vietic *s-nja:ʔ ( “ to chew, to masticate ” ) (> Vietnamese nhá ). Schuessler (2003) also compares 茹 with Jingpho noʔ¹ 'to eat' and Proto-Mienic *ʔnəkD 'to swallow'.
Pronunciation
Rime
Character
茹
茹
茹
Reading #
1/3
2/3
3/3
Initial (聲 )
日 (38)
日 (38)
日 (38)
Final (韻 )
魚 (22)
魚 (22)
魚 (22)
Tone (調 )
Level (Ø)
Rising (X)
Departing (H)
Openness (開合 )
Open
Open
Open
Division (等 )
III
III
III
Fanqie
人 諸 切
人 渚 切
人 恕 切
Baxter
nyo
nyoX
nyoH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang
/ȵɨʌ /
/ȵɨʌX /
/ȵɨʌH /
Pan Wuyun
/ȵiɔ /
/ȵiɔX /
/ȵiɔH /
Shao Rongfen
/ȵʑiɔ /
/ȵʑiɔX /
/ȵʑiɔH /
Edwin Pulleyblank
/ȵɨə̆ /
/ȵɨə̆X /
/ȵɨə̆H /
Li Rong
/ȵiɔ /
/ȵiɔX /
/ȵiɔH /
Wang Li
/ȵʑĭo /
/ȵʑĭoX /
/ȵʑĭoH /
Bernhard Karlgren
/ȵʑi̯wo /
/ȵʑi̯woX /
/ȵʑi̯woH /
Expected Mandarin Reflex
rú
rǔ
rù
Expected Cantonese Reflex
jyu4
jyu5
jyu6
Baxter –Sagart system 1.1 (2014 )
Character
茹
茹
茹
Reading #
1/3
2/3
3/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
rú
rú
rú
Middle Chinese
‹ nyoX ›
‹ nyoH ›
‹ nyoH ›
Old Chinese
/*naʔ/
/*na-s/
/*naʔ-s/
English
swallow, eat
scrutinize
swallow, eat
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
茹
茹
茹
Reading #
1/3
2/3
3/3
No.
9624
9630
9633
Phonetic component
女
女
女
Rime group
魚
魚
魚
Rime subdivision
0
0
0
Corresponding MC rime
如
汝
洳
Old Chinese
/*nja/
/*njaʔ/
/*njas/
Definitions
茹
to eat
未 有 火化 ,食 草木 之 實 ,鳥獸 之 肉 ,飲 其 血 ,茹 其 毛 。 未 有 火化 ,食 草木 之 实 ,鸟兽 之 肉 ,饮 其 血 ,茹 其 毛 。 From: The Book of Rites , c. 4th – 2nd century BCE Wèi yǒu huǒhuà, shí cǎomù zhī shí, niǎoshòu zhī ròu, yǐn qí xuè, rú qí máo. They knew not yet the transforming power of fire, but ate the fruits of plants and trees, and the flesh of birds and beasts, drinking their blood, and swallowing (also) the hair and feathers.
舜 之 飯 糗 茹 草 也 ,若 將 終身 焉 。 舜 之 饭 糗 茹 草 也 ,若 将 终身 焉 。 From: Mencius , c. 4th century BCE Shùn zhī fàn qiǔ rú cǎo yě, ruò jiāng zhōngshēn yān. Shun's manner of eating his parched grain and consuming herbs was as if he were to be doing so all his life.
( literary ) to bear
含辛茹 苦 ― hánxīnrú kǔ ― to suffer hardships
( literary ) to guess
( literary ) soft
( literary ) corrupted
( literary ) vegetables
秋黃 之 蘇 ,白露 之 茹 。 秋黄 之 苏 ,白露 之 茹 。 From: c. 2nd century CE , 枚乘 , 七發 Qiūhuáng zhī sū, báilù zhī rú . (please add an English translation of this quotation)
a surname
( organic chemistry ) rubicene
Compounds
References
Etymology 2
Japanese
Kanji
茹
(Hyōgai kanji )
to boil
to seethe
Readings
Korean
Hanja
茹 • (yeo ) (hangeul 여 , revised yeo, McCune–Reischauer yŏ, Yale ye)
This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation , then remove the text {{rfdef }}
.
Vietnamese
Han character
茹 : Hán Việt readings: như , nhự
茹 : Nôm readings: nhà , nhờ , nhựa , nhừa , nhu
chữ Nôm form of nhà ( “ home ” )
References