Appendix:Proto-Mande reconstructions

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The following list of Proto-Mande reconstructions, along with proposed Proto-Niger-Congo reconstructions, is from Vydrin (2016: 120).

List

gloss Proto-Mande Proto-Niger-Congo
two *Pìi-da(ŋ) *ba-di
three (*sàgba, *yàaka) *Tati/*Tatu
four *náanì (W) *nai/*naγi
tongue *lɛɓ̰́ Ṽ *dem/*lem
tree *yíti *te/*ti
dog *gbÉlàŋ (?) *buha
to eat *ɗE (spurious) *Di
mother *ɗã *na/*ni
white *púlú *pu(D)
skin *kpoLo *kwoto
cow *nìŋka (W) *nak
human *núu (SW) *nu/*ni
black *Pi ̰̀ (W) *bi(D)/*bi(N)
chicken *tɔqɛ *čoke
grandparent, child *màmá (W) *mama
tooth *ɲíŋ *niŋ
to cough (*tiso) *tu
sand *kɛg̰̀ Ṽ *cengi
to bite *dóɓũ/*ɗOŋ ‘eat’ *dum/*lun
to pound *tùgu (Vai-Mokole) *to

References

  • Vydrin, Valentin. 2016. Toward a Proto-Mande reconstruction and an etymological dictionary. Faits de Langues 47: 109-124.
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