Appendix:Temein word lists

Hello, you have come here looking for the meaning of the word Appendix:Temein word lists. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word Appendix:Temein word lists, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say Appendix:Temein word lists in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word Appendix:Temein word lists you have here. The definition of the word Appendix:Temein word lists will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition ofAppendix:Temein word lists, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.

The following comparative word list of Temein languages is from Blench (2006). The languages are Temein, Tese, and Keiga Jirru.

List

English Temein (sg.) Temein (pl.) Comment Tese (sg.) Tese (pl.) Comment Keiga Jirru (sg.) Keiga Jirru (pl.) Comment Comparisons (Blench)
adolescent girl nyɛ́rʈàk nyɛ́rɛ́
after aaʈi
after kama
after nya
afternoon wuuiny
afterwards ṭɔk
again onuk konuŋkɛ
alike ʔbanákà
alive, awake kápaŋanùk kɛ́ fúnó it is alive
all càp < Baggara
all kɛ̀ṭɛ́kɛ̀ʈ uiccoḍɛ̀k kaláásɪ̀k cf. Tama káák, Ama kwɛ́rɛ̀n, Gaam kay,
allow something to drop and break yɔkɔmi yɔkɔmɔʈi
allow, permit suku sukóʈù
alone (ɛ)kíɗɔŋ
always nyááʈɪn-nyááʈɪn wərwər
and aʔɖa joins clauses
and nya joins individual words
angry ʔɖaso ʔɖasoaʈo
animal yówɪ̀ʈ sɔ̀ɔ̀ ɗía na ɓok lɛ́ na ɓok ‘thing of house’
ankle ʈúúkúrɪ̀s kuʈúúkúrí ‘child of leg’
answer ɛɖákìlɔ́ŋɔʈ ɛɖaʈákì
ant hill ʈíɖàk kíɖàk
ant, large black kɪrínyʈɛ̀ʈ kɪrínyàʔ ohoɪ̂k ohwáʔ orónyiɖàk orónyìk
ant, red kɪrɪnyééɖə̀k kɪrɪnyáʔ kɪrényaɖàk kɪrényàʔ
antelope káburè sɔ́ɔ́mɛ̀ kusɔ́ɔ́mɛ̀
anyone ɗéénì nɗɔ̀
armpit gɪ́lɪgɪ́lɪ̀k kɪgɪ́lɪgɪ́lɪ̀kɪ̀ kapəlɛɖə̀k káápalàk kwɔ́rʈɛʈàk kwɔ́rʈɔ also wing
arrow arsàʈ karsaʈì ʈwìʔ kuɖììʔ
ashes úluk cf. So ûk, Berta Undu bùbùdà, Meidob úfúdì (and possibly related to more widespread #bur- roots.
ashes puḍòʔ fuɗàʔ < Kadu e.g.Katcha fuɗo,
ask ʈɛ̀ʈɪ̀ka ʈɛ̀ʈɪ̀kaʈa
at -(V)ni locative suffix
at ɔ genitive suffix
at ɛnɛ prep.
awake furuŋoni furuŋoʈonai
axe ṭúk kùṭúkàʔ máɖàm kɪ́maɖàm alfáì kalfáìŋ < Arabic al-fās
baboon ɔ́limɔ́n kɔ́limɔ́nì ṭákwúúrù kɪɽákwúúrà kóllòŋ kuollèì
baby, child ʔdámulʈɛ̀ʈ, ʔɖámula kiʔɖámula ɗál kányàŋ < Kadu ɗák kɪɗék
back pɔ̀rɔ́ŋɔ̀ʈ kùpɔ̀rɔ́ŋɔ̀ʈ ɛ́rrɛk kɛ́rrɛɖɪ̀ŋ ṭááràk kɪɽááraɖɪ̀k
backbone àmɪ̀ na ɽááraʈ àmɪ̀ na ɽááraʈ
bad asiyòʔ asiʈòʔ not good asíù asɪ́ʈʈòʔ
bad nʈɛ̀n kíʈɪ̀k ŋaḍɪɖàk bad, old thing
bamboo giokɪ̀ʈ giàk ṭɛlɪk ʈɛlɪk
bank, river pɔ́kɪʈ nʈɛ nʈɔ̀ŋɪ̀ʈ ḍàŋɪ̀k kɪḍàŋɪ̀k
baobab kɔmpurɪ̀ʈ kikɔmpúrì kamurɪk kamuráʔ
bark of tree pɔ̀páʈɪ̀ʈ cf. Nilotic e.g. Jumjum pǝtǝkai, Shilluk padho, Luo opok
bark of tree ʈáhuk ṭófuk cf. Katcha tofu
basket soróʔ kusoróʔ sóóró kusóóró
basket árɛ̀ kárɛ̀ saffaláí kɪsaffaláí ʈáŋasàʔ kɪɖáŋaswàʔ basket, bamboo
basket large yayáʔ kɪyayáʔ
bat (mammal) rɪ́rù kɪ́rɪ́rù kábbíliɖä̀k kábbílɪ̀k kɪ́mbɪlɪ̀ŋ kɪnɪkɪ́mbɪlɪ̀ŋ
be spoilt, rotten, angry ʔdàsò ʔdàsàʈò
be sufficient ɛ́ɖɛ́kàk
bead kɔrɗikiʈɛ̀ʈ karɖòʔ kurɔ̀k kuurɔk stone nyarɗééɖàk nyarɗaʔ
beam of light kosín
beans mùnṭɔ́kɪ̀s mùnṭáʔ, mùɽáʔ múɽasɪ̀k muɽáʔ, munṭáʔ múɽeɖàk muɽáʔ
bear (child) ʈíjùk ʈijoʈaʈùk ʈúje ʈújù
beard bíàk kɪbíàkɪ̀k ɓɛ̀k kɪɓáʔ kíja kɪnáɖùk kíja kɪnakwúɖɪ̀ŋ
beat bá báɗà
beat báʈɛ̀ báʈàʈà ba baɗa
beat (drum) báá bááʈà bàɖe bàɖà
because kɛ
become mána máʈana
bed (split bamboo) kulúŋkɪ̀s kulúŋkò, kolóŋkò
bed (string) ɛŋkɛrɛ́ʔ kɛŋkɛrɛ́ʔ < Beja via Arabic aŋgarêŋ kaŋgarêŋ < Beja via Arabic
bedbug kuṭúŋwaṭúŋɪnʈɛ̀ʈ kuṭúŋwaṭúŋwà kɔɽááɽùŋ
bee ʈɪ́ju kɪʈìjɔ cf. honey
bee ʈɪ́ju nʈɛ́ ɗál ‘child of honey’ ɗál aa ʈúju ‘child of honey’ ɗá na ʈuju kɪɗe na ʈuju
beer ʈɛrɛ̀ mɔɗú kumɔɗɛ́ɛ́ʔ ʈarɛʔ kɪɖɛrɪk
before, in front of lúlɔ̀, lúllò, lúlò loc. of lúlò ‘head’ uss(w)ɪŋ
begin verb + ɔnɔlúlɔ̀ from the verb bɔ́ʈɔkà ‘to cut’ and ama, amaʈa ‘to be about to’
behind ?ɛny
belly óòm kómɪ̀k oŋ kwóɖɛnɛk koŋ kwurɪ́ŋ ? cf. Southern Nilotic e.g. Pokot múù, for Temein, Jumjum kön, Mabaan kono for Tese etc.
below, down kɪ́lla
big ḿbù kɪ́mbɪ̀k úbù kúbɪ̀k cf. Keiga abulɔŋɔ, Lendu bɔ̀, Teda bu, Lugbara ambo, Teso -pol
big ɗùrù kumɔ́kɔràʔ cf. Dongola Nubian dū́l, Dinik dúbɔ̀, Tama dúút, Bari dúmàʔ, Shilluk duoŋ, Berta Undu ‘dúúŋí,
bird íawɛ̀ʔ kawɛ́ʔ nawɛʔ kawɛ́ʔ nɔ́ì kwáì cf. Kanga ndoi
bite ɛ́wí ɔ́wɔ́ɖɔ́ áwí ʈáʈáɖá also áwəɖɛ áwí áwúʈà
bitter mpɪ́pɪ̀l àfɪ̀lɪ̀k
black nṭùṭɪ̀ŋ kunṭùṭɪ̀ŋ úɽúɽɪ́ŋ ánɗúɽɪ́ŋ cf. Keiga aɗuk, Gaam ɖùɪ́(n), Dilling uri, Kipsigis tʊ́ɪ̀, Acholi cɔ́ɔ̀l, Bongo luti, Masalit duuŋgi,
blacksmith ʈɛ́ɛ́rəɖä̀k ɛ́ɛ́rì
blacksmith ɗéynìʔ na báʈàn nɛ́ɛ̀ kina báʈàn ʈɔɖɔháduʔ kaaɖɔhaɖɪ́ʔ ʈámɖaɗɔ̀k < Kadu
black-throated dove afíìbaɖèì afálaɖòŋ
bless kúú+ɛ + ɔ́púŋɪ̀ʈ okú + ɔ́púŋɪ̀ʈ lit. ‘blow with air’
blind kɔ́púlɔ̀ʔ kɪ̀kɔ́pulɪ̀k kahulóʔ
blind ṭuunṭu kiṭuunṭu
blood mónɪ̀ʈ mönɪ̀k monɪ̀k ? cf. Nilotic e.g. Acholi remo, also Kenga mosò, Daju Darfur támöke
blow (mouth) kúú kwɔ́ɔ́ʈɔ̀k kúú kwəɖa kúú kúúʈà
blow on fire kúú kɔ́ɔ́ʈɔ̀
blunt, dull ja aʈɛ kɛ́ɛ̀ʔ not sharp
blunt, dull ʔdúklu ʔdúkuluk asɪɖɪyɪk ‘has no teeth’
boat múrkàb kɪmúrkàb < Arabic
body kɪ̀líʔ kɪlííʔ kɪ́li
bone àmɪ̀s kɔ́maʔ kɔmɛk kɔ́maʔ àmɪ̀k kɔ́maʔ Assuming the key element of the root is the mV- then cf. Murle amɛɛn, Dinik ááma, Uduk asima,
bow moonɗí kímóónɗì kamɪɗɪ́ŋ
boy, child ɗál kɪɗɛ́l dál kányaŋ ɗák nɖáámàk kɪɗɪŋ kɪnɖáámɪ̀ŋ
brain nyúl majɔlɪ̀k majɔl ṭɔɛɛŋ
branch sɪ́lɪmonɪ̀ʈ kisɪ́lɪm
break ŋwɔṭàk ŋwɔṭaʈàk nyányumà áyyɔmà áyyɔmàɖà
breast nyɛlɪkɪʈɛ̀ʈ kɪnyɛ́lɪ̀k nyɛlɛɖə̀k kɪnyɛlɪ̀k kɪnyɛlɖàk kɪnyɛlɪ̀k cf. Lotuko nɛnayɪ,
breath nyɪ́sɪlàk
breathe, rest àŋáʈ ŋɪ́səlà nyɪ́səlèi nyɪ́səlaɖèi
bring (here) mɔ́ɔ́n ɛ̀ mɔ́ɔ́ʈài ɛ̀ lit. ‘come with’ aŋáɖɪk aʈááɖɪk akwɛ̀ aÿeikɛ̀
brother, his, her aranyuná karanyuná arányunàʔ ɔrɔ́inà
brother, my aranyuná, nɔ̀ŋ ɛrɪ́ŋɔ arɪ́ŋà my sibling
brother, your ɔrɔnyunɔ́ kɔrɔnyunɔ́ örunò ɔráinùŋ
buffalo opún na kɔ̀rɔ̀m kopún na kɔ̀rɔ̀m bull of earth lɪk kɪláʔ
build gánya gányaʈà áʈanyà áʈanyaɖà ŋànà ŋànàɖà
building áʈanyàk
bull opún kopún ɔtɔ́rr kwotɔ́rɪ̀k < Arabic toor opún kopún
bull kwɔ́láʔ aʈʈáruk kúʈaruk < Arabic toor
bundle of thatching grass ṭɔk
burn tr. lásuɖu lásuʈu probably connected with widespread isi for ‘fire’
burn, light fire tr. ukogú ukoʈógu nyúrɖɔ nyúrʈɔ ɗárkaɖù ɗárkaɖaɖù also light fire cf. Berta Undu dáárà, Kadu ogudaana (which may combine both roots)
bury aṭuká aṭukáʈà
bush ʈɪ́rfɛ álelei kuɓɪŋ
but aʔda, nyɔkɔ́nṭɛ
buttock kuuruk kukuuruk ʈúhùŋ kuɖuhò kɪsámbáráŋ
buy kɔ́lɔ́ʔbà kɔ́lɔ́ʔbàʈà kwɔ́labà kwɔ́lbà kwɔ́lbaɖà
call kókwí kókwáʈà kwókwuɖà kwuɖi kwuʈʈà
camel kámpúlàŋ kíkámpúlàŋ kammaláʔ kammaláák
can, be able áyák áyáʈàk cf. know
can, be able gɪʈárà gɪʈáràʈà < Sudanese Arabic gadar
captured slave ɖógoʈò koɖógoʈò ɖókoʈòŋ kuɖókoʈòŋ < Hill Nubian
carnivore, wild animal ḍía na kuɓɪŋ lέ na kuɓɪŋ
carry (esp. on head), take mɛ́ʈak mɛ́ʈaʈak
carry here aŋáɖɪk aʈááɖɪk
carry there ɖaɖɪk eʈááɖɪk
cat biis
cat kaɖíìs < Arabic kaɖɛsɪk kɪnɪ́ŋ kaɖɛsɪk < Arabic
cat, wild muɖurèʔ kumuɖurɪ̀k munɖurè kumunɖurè
cattle corral sàràŋ kɪsàrɛ̀k saraŋ kɪsaraŋaɖɪk also fence
chair, stool murʈɪ́kà kumurʈɪ́kà boɽú kɪ́boɽuk ḍíà na gárfak ‘thing of sitting’
chameleon ḍááràŋ kɪḍááràŋ
charcoal sɔ́k(g)ɔ́yumɪ̀ʈ sákáyùm sééɗə̀k sák lɪ́ŋ
cheek kórómɪk kókórómɪk
cheek kúrúmɪk kúkúrúmɪk múkwolɪk kúmokwɔ̀l
chest male aɗɔk kwɔɗɔɖɪŋ
chicken kókoròk kóókoròk k(w)óóròk kókoròk kòròk kwóórok
chief sɪ́l kɪsɪ́loʔ wáárà kwáárɪ̀k
child ɗál kɪɖɛ́l ʈúrniɖàk ʈúrnì
chin gɛ̀rɛ̀ʔ kɪgɛ̀rɛ̀ʔ kɛ́bɛbɪ̀k kábabàʔ káɗaŋàk kɪ́kɪɗaŋɪ̀k
chop, cut down tree ṭɛnʈɛŋa ṭɛnʈɛŋaʈa kakalaha kakalahaɖa
circumcise ṭɪpá ṭɪŋɪ̀n ṭɪpáʈa ṭɪŋɪ̀n ‘cut penis’
claw, nail lúlɪ̀ʈ kwóólɪ̀n sɔjarɪ̀k kɪsɔjarɔ̀ŋ kɪ́saŋwarʈàk kɪ́saŋarù cf. Dilling ʃundi
clean kɔṭɔ́kɔṭàk
climb away from speaker kalak kalaʈak
climb towards speaker kolí kalaʈái
cloth kɪ̀ʈɪ̀ʔ kɪ̀gɪ̀ʈɪ̀ káɖàʔ kááɖàʔ káʈɛ̀ kiáʈɛ̀
cloud kɔbɔ́rʈɛ̀ʈ kɔ́bɔ́rɔ̀ʈ kabárɛɖə̀k kábárɪ̀k kubárɖàk kubárɪ̀k pl. = sky cf. Kanga tifudo(k), Zaghawa burdu, Shilluk polo
club ɗáluk kɪɗáluk
coffee bunn plant ? < Amharic
coffee gahwa drink < Arabic
cold njùlùn kunjùlùn anyɔ́l ajullùk cf, Berta Undu àgʊ́ʊ́rù, Bagirmi ùlù, Ilit sulluma
cold, very ajúlukjúlùk
come mɔ́ɔ́n mɔ́ɔ́ʈài áàŋ, ɛ́ɛ̀ŋ áʈàì áù áʈei cf. Kanga ande, So ac, Kunama aw, Berta Undu àdò, Yulu áì, Moru aɽi,
cook porridge, sauce pisɔ̀ pisɔʈɔ̀ öɗumò öɗumòɖo
cook something ɛlùk ɛkaʈùk áwíɖì áwíʈaɖà
corpse ɗéénì nʈɛ́ bulɪ̀n nɛ́ɛ̀ʔkɪnʈɛ́
correct sàhíí < Arabic śaḥiiḥ
cotton opúkɔ̀ ɔrɔ̀ʔ kɪsɔrɔ̀ʔ áwaràʔ
cough (v.) sɛ́nsɛlà sɛ́nsɛlaʈà ɔ́ɔ́lèi (once) ɔ́lɔ (often) ɔ́ɔ́lèì ɔɔlaɖèì
cough n. ÿɔlɔ
count ṭíṭɪkà ṭíṭɪkàʈa kɪ́ra kɪ́raɖà kɪ́rʈi kɪ́rʈaɖà
cow kwállàʔ
cow ńʈɛ̀ŋ kɪ́ʈúk ɛɖɛ̀ŋ kwúɖùk aɖɛ̀ŋ kuɖuk
crawl, creep, kneel kuṭukú kuṭukóʈu
crocodile tɪmsá(h) kúʈúmsùŋ < Arabic timsāḥ kɪmányáliyàʔ kumɔ́kɔràʔ
crowd ʔbúúʔbulɔ̀ʈ
cry, weep, shout wujìk wujoʈɔ̀k wujì ójà ájaêà
cure, mend, repair áṭɪ́ŋɪnʈàk áṭɪ́ŋɪnʈàʈàk
curse mɔ́rak mɔ́raʈak
cut bɔ́ʈɔkà bɔ́ʈɔkaʈà, bɔ́ʈɔkaʈài káɽahà káɽahaɖà kwɔ́ɽɔfɔ kwɔ́ɽɔfɔɖɔ
cut, slit ṭɪpá ṭɪpáʈa kwɔ́ɽɔfɔ kwɔ́ɽɔfɔɖɔ
dance n. bɪ́lɪk
dance v. mɪ́là mɪ́laʈà bɪ́lá bɪ́láɖa bɪ́láʔ bɪ́laɖà
daughter púsùŋ kɪpúsùŋɪ̀k ɗàl ɛ́nnàŋ + female
day (counting) kwáàʔ lit. sleep kwáàʔ
daytime wuuiny unyɪŋ ŋóóròŋ
dead bulɪ̀n
deaf mɪ́rí kɪ̀mɪ́rɪ̀n mɛrííʔ mɪ́ri kɪmɪriyàʔ
die nyɪ́mùk nyɪmáʈaʈùk cf. Krongo ááyà, Nyang’i iɲal, Tama eyà, Lotuxo yɛ, Kenga oyo,
die ʈábalà búláɖà ʈábalà búláɖà cf. Ik bad-on,
difficult, heavy njɛljɛl
difficult, heavy nʈɛ̀nnɛ̀ annɛ́ʔ
dig ììʈì ììʈáʈɔ̀ kö̀ kö̀ɖö̀ aiʈi aiʈaɖà
dikdik wɪ́r kuwɪ́ráŋɪ̀k kuríʔ k(w)úúriʔ kwuríí kukurííyàʔ
dirty káŋulɪ̀k
disperse something ɔfirɔ ɔfirɔʈɔ
divide gɪsɪmʈak < Arabic
divide mina minaʈa (?)
divorce, drive away lugwíʈɔ́k lugwíʈɔ́ʈɔ́k
do lɪ́mɪɖà lɪ́mɪʈà
dog óòʔ kwéèn òòʔ kwɛŋ kòòʔ kweŋ also moon month
dog, wild kòòʔ na kuɓɪŋ kweŋ na kuɓɪŋ
donkey kwóʈɛnɖìr kukwóʈɛnɖìri kɪ́llikɛwɪ̀k kɛllɪkawàʔ kúlkɔ́ŋ kúlkwáí
door ʷúún kúúnìk tɪ́llayàʔ kɪɖɪ́llayɪ̀k ʈɪ́llɛ̀ʔ kɪɖɪ́llɛ̀ʔ
door of branches ʈɛ́ɛ́làʔ kɪʈɛ́ɛ́làʔ bɪlgɪ̀ny kibɪlgɪ̀ny
door of wood ṭɔŋṭɔŋ kɪṭɔŋṭɔŋi
doorway áɖu na nyamaɖɪ̀k
dove ṭɪ́ṭɪ̀m kɪṭɪ́ṭɪmìyy yellow-throated dove əbbɪ̀k abboŋ afóì afóŋ yellow-throated dove
down kɪlla kwaroŋ, kwɔrɔŋ ɪlléle
dream (v.) ɔ́ɔ́gɔʈɪ̀k awaɖɪk n. áwɛɛɖàk
dress (v.) iiʈú iiʈáʈú kuɖukurɪŋ kuɖuhaaɖarɪŋ
drink awsà awsaʈà máʈɪla máʈɪlaɖa ɔ́sà ɔ́sɔɖà
drum ánɗɛ̀ŋ kɛnɪ́nɗɛ̀ŋ
drunk ausaʈ verbal noun from ausà
dry season pɛlɛɲ
dry, empty rààri ɛɖɪnyàr ṭáárɪ̀k kɛɽáárɪ̀k dry, empty, hard
dum palm apurṭɛkɪʈ apurṭɛ ṭaɗɛ́manyáʔ ṭaɗɛ́manyɪ́k
dumb, foolish koʈikoli
dung week kuwéék of cow
dura mórɪŋɪnʈɛ̀ʈ (one grain) mórɪŋɪs (one head of grain) mórɪŋ mörɪnyɪ̀k mörɪ̀ŋ marɪŋyɪ̀ɖàk mərɪŋ
dust wúlṭò ṭuŋ ṭúŋ
dwarf ɔŋgɔrɔ́ŋɪnʈɛ̀ʈ ɔŋgɔrɔ́ŋ
ear wénàʈ kwèén ŋwánɪk kwɛ́ɛ́ŋ wanək kwɛ̀ŋ cf. Gaam wind, Liguri unɛʈɛ, Tama ùtu, Murle itat,
early morning ʔjooʔjoon
earth, soil, ground kɔ̀rɔ̀m kɔrɔŋ kwɔ́rɔk
eat láma lámaʈà láma lámaɖà láma lámaɖà cf. Gaam nàm, Lugbara ɲá, Songhay nã, Kunama ŋa, Tama ŋàn, ? Ama tàm,
eat one’s fill gumàk gumaʈàk
eat together lamana lamaʈána
egg warɪs kwaraʔ kwɔrɛk kwaraʔ kwɔrɛɖàk kwaraʔ cf. Nara ware, Daju Sila wálace. If the plural k- prefix is old, the many forms across Nilo-Saharan of the type #kol- including Songhay guri woud be cognate.
eight kɔ́ŋɔnʈɪ̀n kéṭàʔ aɓɓà
elbow rɪ́pìʔ kɪrɪ́pìʔ kwóɽörɛ̀k ṭɔŋwɔrɛ̀k kuɽɔŋwɔrɛ̀k
elephant lɔ́ŋɔ̀n kɪlɔ́ŋɔ̀nɪ̀k lɔ́ŋɔ̀l kɪlɔ́ŋɔlɪk lɔ́ŋɔ̀ŋ kúlɔ́ŋɔ̀ŋ
eleven ámù fuɖɪ́ gɪ́ɗɗe
empty ʈáámɛ̀ kɪɖáámɪ̀k
empty, dry rààrì ʈɔ́mɛ̀ kuɖɔ́mɪ̀k < Daju
enclosure, corral gɛ̀ʈ kɪgɛ̀ʈɪ̀n araká kɪsárakaɖɪ̀n
enemy ɔɗɔn ɗosoʔ also ‘stranger’, ‘slave’
enter ʔdii ʔɖiaʈanai (to speaker)
enter ʔduu ʔbulɔʈu, ʔbulaʈanai (from speaker)
evening nèègí, nɛ̀ɛ̀gí
everywhere láàŋɪni kɛ̀ṭɛ́kɛ̀ʈ ‘place in all’
ewe kɪríàŋ kɪkɪríàŋ kʷɔ́gɔmɪ̀k kʷɔ́gɔmàʔ kokomeɖàk kɔ́kɔ́mɛ́k
exit ʔdii ʔɖiaʈanai (to speaker)
exit ʔɖuu ʔbulɔʈu (from speaker) ɖákɪŋ
eye nɪ́ŋɪ̀nàʈ kɛ̀ɛ́n náánɪ̀k kɛ́nyɪ̀ŋ náŋanàk kɪɗákɪŋyɛ̀ŋ face = kɪ́nyɛ́ŋ cf. Mangbetu nɛ́ŋɔ̀, Ama aŋɛ̀, Dinka ɲin,
face kɛ̀ɛ́n lit. ‘eyes’ kɛ́nyɪ̀ŋ lit. ‘eyes’ kɪ́ŋyɛ́ŋ cf. eyes in Nilotic
faeces, excrement ɔŋɪ̀s kɪ́ŋɔ kínyòʔ kɪŋyàʔ kɪ́ŋyáá
fall (rain) lè
fall (v.) ʈurò ʈuraʈò bɛɖɛlà armulà armulaɖà fall from level
fall from nyúnyákì nyúnyaʈákì
fall from height saguɖulà
family rágàʔ kɪ́rágàʔ
fan, deleb palm papɪs kipapa fahɪk kɪfafááʔ
far ŋgɔnɔrràŋ stem = ràŋ aḍd)ákɪŋ keewáɗɗáwɛ̀ŋ
fat ʔbɛ̀kàn ʔbɛ̀kàʈàʈ lúmwullɛ̀ people ɗokorok
fat a. kɪlɪmunnàŋ kɪʈɛ́ɛ́lɪmuɖannàŋ
fat n. kɪṭínyɔ̀ nányɛ́ɖə̀k nányàʔ pl. kɪnányàʔ ḍokorok cf. Ilit anya, Ciita yin, Bari nyiret,
father, my ápà apà áfa cf. Tulishi apa, Ama aba, Meidob abbá, Berta Undu àbbá etc.
father, your konò kweinuŋ cf. Kamdang kɔ,
fear (v.) wɔ̀nɔ̀ wɔ̀ʈɔ̀nɔ̀ ö́ri ö́riɖɛ̀ arlɛ̀k arlɛɖɛ̀k
feather k(w)ómpɛrɪ̀ʈ k(w)ómpɛr kuhúhúɖə̀k kúhúhùk àguruk kugúru
female lmɛ̀ kunɖóólɪ̀k
fence lálàʔ kílálàʔ aak kwoor(u)parɪk
fence, enclosure
few kárɖìʔ
few tears kalakɔ́màʔ
field ɔ́jɔ̀m kɔ́jɔ́mɪ̀k fɔ́k kuhaɖàʔ agɛŋ kɛ́ɛ́mɪ̀k
fifteen ámù fuɖɪ́ gɪ́ḍɛŋàk
fifty ʈeaɗi kɛ kɪ́ɗenàk
fig, wild ópujɪ̀ʈ ápɔ̀s cf. Arabic jammēz
fight, struggle (n.) áʔɖáʈ
fill something píkú píkóʈù kwɔ́rnyù kwɔ́rnyaɖù
find, see, discern ɗɪka ɗɪkaʈa
finger nínàʈ nʈɛ́ ɗál kɛ́n nʈɛ́ kɪɖɛ́l hand + child ɗálanɪ̀k kányagááyɪ̀ŋ child of hand ɖá na nánàk kɪɗágɛ́ŋ
finish something mɔrú mɔrɔʈú
finish, cease, stop mɔrú mɔrɔʈú
fire pɔ́ɗɪ̀ŋ kɪ̀pɔ́ɗɪ̀ŋɪ̀k pö́ḍɪ̀ŋ kɪpö́ḍɪ̀ŋ fáɗɪ̀ŋ kɪfáɗɪ̀ŋ cf. Bongo pfoɗu, Bagirmi podu
firewood mɛ́rɛŋ márɛnyɪ̀k márɛ̀ŋ maranyɪ̀k mɛɛrɛk
first lúlɔ̀, lɔ́lɔ̀
fish kálálɪ̀s kálálàʔ also lálìs álélɪk kálálaʔ kɛ́lɛ́ɖak káála cf. Tulishi kalowa’ (fishes), So kɔlɛʔ, Dongolawi kā́rɛ, Kara kánza, Turkana ekolia
fist nánàk nḍɪ́ŋɪlà
five ŋgɛ́ɗɗàʈ, ŋgɛ́ɗɪnàʈ, ɗínaʈ keḍinàk) kɪ́ɗenàk
flame ŋáɗɪmàk ya hö́ɗɪ̀ŋ kɪŋáɗɪmàk kɛ hö́ɗɪ̀ŋ tongue of fire
flame panaʈ kipanaʈi údùk ya hö́ɗɪ̀ŋ kwúɗɪ̀ŋ kɛ hö́ɗɪ̀ŋ mouth of fire lílíŋàk
flat rock ṭáfálɪ̀k kɪɽafáálì
flee, run away, fall from ɲúnyákì ɲúnyaʈákì
flood mɔ́nɔ́ŋ
floor, earth, ground kɔ̀rɔ̀m
flower ʈogɔ́yokɪʈɛ̀ʈ ʈogɔ́yokɪʈà ʈuliɖä̀ ʈolɛŋ ʈulɛnyiɖàk ʈulɛŋ
fly n. ɔ́ŋɪ̀s kɔ́ŋàʔ kɔ́ŋwɛ̀k kɔ́ŋwàʔ kɔ́ŋwɛ̀k cf. Lugbara óŋú, Liguri Daju aŋax,
fly, rise, stand up ŋɛ́ʈàk ŋɛ́ʈaʈàk pó ʈuhóʈó fúfúŋò fufúŋáʈáɖò
follow oŋiʈi, aŋiʈi oŋiʈaʈɔ
food lámàʈ kɪlámàʈɪ̀k lámàk lámàk
foot, leg ɔ́llòk kwɔ́óaɖɛ̀ állùk kwúlɖɪ̀ŋ cf. Mamwu kalʊ (leg), Gaam lúɖ, Berta Sillok lu (leg)
foot, leg áwàʈ kwúlʈɪ̀n cf. Krongo àwwà
forbid ányɛk ányɛʈak
forehead ṭáŋa kɪɽáŋa
foreigner, stranger ɔɗɔn ɗosoʔ áɗɛ̀ŋ nɖóɖɪ̀ŋ nɛ̀ɛ̀ʔ kɪnɖóɖɪ̀ŋ
forest, bush ɔ̀gɔ̀ʈ áámɔ̀ álelei kuɓɪŋ
forge (v.) bàʈi ṭɪ́ṭɪʈ bàʈaʈà ṭɪ́ṭɪʈ bàɖè bàɖà to strike bá báɖà
forget ʈɔ̀ɔ̀lu ʈɔ̀ɔ̀lɔʈu
forty ʈeaḍi kɛ kwɔŋwɔŋ
four kɔ́ŋɔn kwɔ́ŋùŋ kwɔŋwɔŋ
fox ṭaŋarɪk kɪṭaŋarɪk
friend wórɪ́nyà kórɪ́nyànɪ̀ úrunyɪ̀ŋ kúrunyɔ̀ ɔrɔŋyɪ́ŋ
frog, toad kwúɗóʔ kúkwúɗóʔ kwuɗóʔ kwúúɗóʔ aʈáuɗaʔ kɪ́ʈáuɗɪ̀k
full kapúkanùk kɪjɛnɛ kégwɔ́rnyunàŋ
gather oʔbulɔ oʔbulɔʈɔ
gecko kafunḍóliyòʔ kɪnɪ́ŋ kafunḍóliyòʔ
giraffe kɔbɔrɛ̀ʔ kɔ́ɔ́bɔrɛ̀k
giraffe mɪrɪ́n kɪmɪrɪ́nɪ̀k mɪrɪ́l kɪmɪrláʔ mɛrlɪk kɪmɛrliyàʔ
girl púsùŋ kɪpúsùŋɪ̀k ɗál iɖa nàmɛ̀ʔ kányaŋ kiɖóllɪk
give okú okuʈɔ̀kù ʈɪn ʈɪnaɖà ʈɪņi ʈɪņɖi
give back ɛɖákì ɛɖákiaʈákì
go ìʈák ìʈàʈák ɪ́ɖɖà ɪ́ʈà ɪņɖá aʈá cf. Didinga to, Bari tu, Berta Undu àdá, Mabaan ootta,
go and meet someone urɔ urɔʈɔ
go down gɪro gɪraʈo
go up (away from speaker) kalak kalaʈak
go up (towards speaker) kolí kalaʈái
goat (f.) nâ kàɪ́ náʔ lígáátə̀k naʔ kai
goat (m.) kwɔ́ɔ̀rlàʔ kukwɔ́ɔ̀rlàʔ, kukúrlàʔ kwɔ́rɔmàl kwúrumàlɔ̀ʔ kɔrmak kɔrmɪ̀k
goat, male kɔrmak kɔrmɪ̀k
God, rain, sky náŋanàʈ Ɓáròʔ = ‘shadow, spirit’ masalɪ̀k < Kadu Masala
good nʈóbàn konʈóbàn, kunʈóbàn ö́yyòʔ anaɖítòʔ áyùk áʈò cf. Lotuxo ol-oyyu,
goodbye ìʈák ɔ́púŋɪ̀ʈ ókúúʈɪ̀n Go and the world blow upon you
goodbye ìʈík kɛ nʈábàn ìʈàʈák kɛ konʈíbàn Go well körönyɪk kaaraŋ
gourd tááɖaɖàk kɪɖááɖaɖàk nɗɔ̀ŋ kɪnɗɔ̀ŋ
gourd ṭɔ́ŋ kɪ̀ṭɔ́ŋàʔ áyùk áʈò
gourd ṭɔ́ŋ kɪ́ṭɔ́ŋàʔ púnyɔŋ kuhúnyɔnɪ́k kárḍɛ̀ŋ kiáárḍɛ̀ŋ gourd small
granary ʈálàp kɪ́ʈálàpɪ́k dúnnùŋ kudúnnɪ̀ farɪk kɪfarɪk
grass ɔ́yɔ́mɪ̀ʈ ɔ́yɔ́m áyòŋ áyòŋɖə̀k áyòŋɖàk áyòŋ
grave, tomb ṭúkanàʈ kuṭúkanàʈ ṭwáánɪ̀k koɽóónàʔ ṭuanàk kuɽuánɛ̀
green yɔ́yɔm kiyɔ́yɔmɪ̀ emɪmɪ̂l aŋgarmàʔ
grindstone for oil ánɗulùk kánɗulùk
ground ʈábbàŋ kɪ́ɖabbèk
ground between khors ʈufɔ̀k kʉɖufɔ̀k
groundnut ʈómpúkɪʈɛ̀ʈ ʈámpúkò kwáásɪ́lɪɖä̀l kwáásɪ́l akuɖubeɖàk akuɖubò
guinea-fowl nánɪ̀ŋ kɪ́ŋ
guinea-worm fɪrɪnɖídɪk kɪfɪrɪnɖídɪk
hail koroŋɪ̀ʈ kíkaraŋ
hair jɛ́ʈɪ̀ʈ kɪ́jɛ̀ʈ kijáɖɪ̀k kíjàk kíjaɖàk kíjàk cf. Ama jè,
hand, arm nínâʈ kɛ́n ɛ́nnɛ̀k kɛ́ŋ nánák kɛ́ŋ cf. So ân, Lotuxo aanɪ, Toposa akan, Ilit kona,
happy màksúúʈ < Arabic mabsuuṭ óòmɔ̀nʈóbàn ‘good in belly’
happy óòmɔ̀ nʈóbàn lit. ‘good belly’
hard, dry, empty nʈɪ̀rààrɪʔ nyàrɪ̀ ṭáárɪ̀k kɛɽáárɪ̀k
hare ʈíàʈ kɪʈíàʈì sák kɪsɛŋ cf. charcoal ʈɛ̀k kɪɖɛ́k
hartebeest káburàŋɛ̀ káburàŋɪ̀k asɪnɪ́k kasunó
harvest (n.) pílɔn
harvest (v.) píli píloʈɔ
has aʈɛ
has, he áʈɛ
hate (v.), refuse, dislike ányak ányaʈak
have, I ŋáʈáʈɛ
have, they áʈáʈɛ
hawk nɔ́i na gwóóròk
he, she nákà ɛnnáʔ nɛ́
head lulò k(w)olúlɪ̀n, kululɪ̀n óllò kúllìɖɪ̀ŋ állò kwúlɖɪ́ŋ cf. Dinik ɔ́r, Gaam ɔ́l, Meidob or,
hear ʈóŋwà ʈóŋwàʈà ʈuŋwa ʈuŋwaðà ʈɔŋwa ʈɔŋwaɖà cf. Ilit tüka
heart (physical) óòm ṭɔ́ɔ́mà also seat of emotions ? cf. Tama àmùl
heart (physical) ḍalááɖónò kɪdááɖónɪ̀k ɗanááɖonò kɪɗááɖonò cf. Kanga ɖunugu
hearth, fireplace láàŋ ná pɔ́ɗɪ̀ŋ kɪ̀láánʈɪ̀k kɪná kɪmsɛ́msi
heavy nʈɛ̀nnɛ̀ kɪnʈɛ̀nnɛ̀ ánnɛ̂ʔ aŋŋɛ̀k naaɖɪ́nnɛ̀k
heel nanɖɪɖɪ̀k kɛnɖɪɖɪ̀k
hello ʔja nʈɪ́kɛ nʈóbàn ʔja kíʈɪ́kɛ konʈóbàn Are you not well?
help mákì baŋa maʈákì ~
here nʈàkànì aláŋ ánú
hide ʔbɪ́lónòk ʔbɪ́laʈónòk
hide something ʔbɪ́li ʔbɪ́láʈɔ̀
hippopotamus opún na múŋ ‘bull of water’ algɪrɪ́nʈì kaalgɪrɪ́nʈì < Arabic girinti opún na muŋ kopún na muŋ ‘bull of water’
his, her father kɔ́nyúnɔ̀ kányúnà kɔnyunà kwainá
hit báá bááʈà ɓa, baɖa báɖì báʈʈà strike
hit báʈɛ̀ báʈàʈà
hoe n. kɪɽɪ́ɲ kɪkɪɽɪ́ɲ ṭɔ́gwɔ̀ŋ kɔ́ɽɔgwɔ̀ŋ ṭɔŋɔ́ŋ kuɽɔŋɔ́ŋ
hoe v. léí láêéí
hoeing lɛ́ɛ́ŋ
hold, grasp, catch kɔ́mùk kɔ́mɔʈɔ̀k kömu kömuɖa kəmu komaêà
hole (w)úún kúúnɪ̀k uuŋ kunik
honey ʈɪ́ju also ‘bee’ ʈúju ʈuju kuɖuju
horn kɪ́nɪʈ kɪ́n kinɪk kɪŋ kiŋik kiŋíà cf. Kipsigis kúínò,
horn, instrumental ʈɪrikɔk kùʈúrùkìyòʔ
horse mánʈà kɪmánʈà móʈòʔ komóʈòʔ mɔ̀ʈò kumɔ̀ʈɔ̀
house nyáà, nyuáà kwíìʔ ɓɔ́k kubö́ö́ɖɪ̀ŋ ɓok kwik
how many? ɗɛɛkɛ̀ɛ̀ aba ɗɛ́ɛ́
how? ŋɛ́ɛ́nɔ́ ɛbei alkáí How is it?
hundred sakar ŋgɛ́mmùk ʈeaɗi kɛ mùk
hungry, be nánàŋ ɔ́tù ‘hunger kills ’ nanàŋ hunger nánàŋ hunger
hungry, be aʈak
hunt (v.) ɛsiʈuk ɛsʈaʈuk ɪɖɖa lámɔ ɪʈá lámɔ go hunting ɪņɖá lamɔ aʈá lamɔ
hunting lɔ́m lám lamɔk
hyena, spotted ŋóŋóŋ kuŋóŋóŋí agwúúk kwugwóóʔ aŋwúk kúŋwuàʔ
hyena, striped séégàʔ kɪséégàʔ
I, me nán náŋ náŋ cf. Bari nân, Acholi an, Gaam áán,
immediately, suddenly koomoʈoni
inside ɛnɛ lááŋ lááŋ= place
intestines, guts kwúrúnyɪʈ kwúrúny kwurɪ́ŋɪdə̀k kwurɪ́ŋ kwúrɪ́ŋy
iron ṭɪ́ʈɪʈ kɪṭɪ́ṭì sg. = ‘piece of iron’ alilliiɖək alelèʔ lelɪk alelɪk < Keiga
jackal bɔ̀rɔ̀l kɪbɔ̀rɔ̀lì waaŋ kwaanɪk waŋ kuwaŋ cf. Dinka awàn
jaw guṭɔkɪ̀ʈ kigɔṭɔ̀k kɛ́bɛbɪ̀k kábabàʔ kɛbɛkɛbɛ́ʔ kɪbɛkɛ́beʔ
jaw ṭuṭokɪ̀ʈ koṭoṭak
judge (v.) ákumá ákumáʈa < Arabic
jump (v.) ṭáŋkɪrà ṭáŋkɪràʈà
Keiga Jirru ḍóni
kick báá ɛ áwàʈ bááʈà hit with foot
kidney kɪ́gɪ̀n
kidney kurwɪɲ kuməɖä̀k kumɔ̀ŋ ɗá na kumàŋ kiɗá kumàŋ
kill ɔ́ʈù ɔ́ʈóʈù óɖò óɖoɖò áɖù áɖaɖù cf.Bongo atun, Bari tatʊ,
knee nɔ́ŋgù kɪnɔ́ŋgù, kɪnɔ́ŋgùʈɪ̀n nóù kə́wɪ̀ŋ nóù kɪnóù cf. Bari kuŋú, Mabaan uŋu,
kneel, crawl kuṭukú kuṭukóʈu
knife pókò, pógò kɪ́pókò, kúpókò, kópókò sakínɪ̀ʔ kɪsákinɪ̀ʔ ʈoroŋ kuɖoroŋɛ̀ʔ
know áya(k) áyáʈà(k) ɛ́ɛ́ʔ ááɖɛ̀ ái áyaɖɛ̀ cf. Tama ajili, Maasai a-yioló, Ik iyes,
kokaab kányamuràʔ kɛnɪŋkányamuràʔ
kujur múseeʔ kumúseeʔ
lake, pool, pond kúlàʔ kukúlàʔ surwóó kusurwóó lɔfɔŋ kulɔfɔŋ
lamb, kid kɔ́rɔ́màn kukúrúmùn
land-monitor gɔ́ŋgɔrɔ̀ŋ kɪgɔ́ŋgɔrɔŋɪ̀k karaɓúŋ kááraɓáʔ ŋárábú kɪŋárábú
language, word, speech lɔ́ŋɔʈ ílák cf. word alŋak
last, final kinʈɪrɪk
laugh (v.) ŋolɪlì ŋolɪʈaʈàʔ mɛ́lʈɪɖà mɛ́lʈɪʈà kúɽɪʃɪɖà kúɽɪʃʈaɖà
leaf ? ṭoorɛɖàk ṭaaro Tese < Kadu e.g. Tulishi kin-ʈaro/ø-
leaf kɔ́bùkɪ́ʈ kabó cf. Luo oboke, ? Tama aful
leave off something suku sukoʈu
leave, let alone jɔŋgwa jɔŋgwaʈa
left hand nínàʈ nʈɛ́ kɔ́kɔ́lɛ̀ʔ ɛ́nnɛ̀k ɪɖááʔ kule nánà na kwáálɛ̀
leopard ɔlúŋ kɔlúŋɪ̀k ʈunnuʔ kuɖunnuʔ ʈojoròʔ kuɖojoròʔ
leper áḍɛ̀ŋ na ʈónyɪ̀ŋ nɛ̀ɛ̀gɪna ʈónyɪ̀ŋ
leprosy ʈónyɪ̀ŋ
lick ɗénɗenyàk ɗénɗenyaʈàk nánnányiɖà nánnányiʈà ɗaŋei ɗaŋaɖei
licking áɗainyɪɖàk
lie (v.) ilɛŋéì ʔɖuyaŋaʈ
light (not heavy) pùl, pwɔ̀l kɛpwɔ̀l yɛhálhallɪ̀k nyɪfɛlfɛllɛ̀k
light fire ukú ukóʈa kúú kwəɖa
light leather fáyuŋ kɪfáyuŋ
lightning ámakalàn biɖɪnàŋ làmà na nók
lightning nyamaʈa
lion kámpɪ̀ŋ kɪ́kámpɪ̀ŋɪ̀k ásaɖ ásaɖa < Arabic ʈiamùk agamù
live, dwell kárpànà kárpàɖànà
liver múrɪ̀ʈ kɪmúrʈɪkɔ̀ múrɪ̀k kúmúrɪ̀k múrɪ̀ŋ kúmúrɪ̀ŋ cf. Ama máɽɪ̀ɲ, Teso emaɲ, Songhay dāmal, Zaghawa màán
lizard kɔ́ŋgɔlɔ̀s kɪ́ŋgɔlɔ̀ʔ kikɪ́lbaʈúrɛ̀ kííkɪ́lbaʈúrɛ̀
locust wulɪ̀ʈ kwulɪ̀n wulɪ̀k kwulɛ̀ŋ allɪ́k kwulɪk
long sagal(l)áʔ asaŋaláʔ asɛsaŋalɪ́k < Kadu e.g. Keiga -asagala
long njɔ́rʈàʔ, njɔ́rʈàk kɪnjɔ́rʈàʔ, kɪnjɔ́rʈàk cf. Gaam jáár, ? Ilit geer-a,
lose something wayaŋa wayaŋaʈa
louse gámuíʈìʈ gámul < Arabic قملة gámùl < Arabic kɪ́ɖɪɖɪɖàk kɛ́ɖɛɖɪ̀ŋ cf. Kadu kiɖikiɖik, Tama itti, Meidob iidi, Nara ʃitti
love, like ɗárà ɗáràʈà dára dáraɖà
lower lip íʈùk nɖɛɛlàʔ lanyɪ́k ya ʈuhalɪŋ áɖù ɪllɛ́rwòk
lung kúpùk kukupúkɪ̀ púpɪ̀k púpɔ̀
mad, crazy lúlònʈɛ̀n kwolúʈɪ̀n kíʈɪ̀k lit. head bad
maize sɪlúŋ sɪlúŋṭɛ̀ʈ mɛrɪgä́ä́rì mɛrɪgä́ä́rìɖä̀k manáŋgarʈàk manáŋgarɪ̀k dura of the Greeks
make hole fwɔyà fwɔyaɖà
make, do mà màʈà ä́ɽɪgɪɖà ä́ɽɪgɪʈò
make, do, create mà màʈà əɽɪgɪɖà əɽɪgɪʈà ámʈà ámʈaɖà
male màk kɪnɖáámɪ̀ŋ
man (vir) kwórʈòʔ kwóròʔ < Nubian e.g. Kadaru kworto ʈam(m)aɖám(m)àk ʈákak áɗɛŋ ņɖáámàk ŋɛ̀ɛ̀ kɪnɖáámɪ̀ŋ cf. Tama máá
many kɛ́lṭɪ̀ŋ, ɛ́mbɛrɛ̀n, ɛ́mbɛràn
many ajjáŋ
many káʈábák cf. Katcha (k)aɖagbo
market kɔ́lɔ́ʔbɪ̀ʈ kɔkɔ́lɔ́ʔbɪ̀ʈ dakulabana
market súúk < Arabic asúk kəsuk < Arabic
marry (men) àràmà àràmàʈà
marsh ɗagi kɪɗagi
mat albɪ́rɪs káálbɪrɪs < Arabic
mat bɪ́rɪsù kɪbɪ́rɪsù < Arabic bɪròʃ buruuʃ < Arabic albɪrsɪ̀k kalbɪrsɛ̀ < Arabic
maternal grandmother ám n-ánnà
meat nʈɛ̀ʈɪ̀ʈɛ̀ʈ nʈɛ̀ʈ
meat liɖə̀k bɪlanɖàk (one piece) ɪnɖàk kɪnɖaɖɪ̀k archaic, formerly ɪlɖàk cf. Tulishi tu’-da’, Mbay dã̀, Kreish àtə́, Kanuri da
medicine, root mɔ́rɔ̀ʔ kɪmɔ́rɔ̀ʔ muréék kumɔrɔ móreɖàk komórò
meet so. coming in opposite direction urɔnɔ wɔʈɔnu
milk (n.) kíí sàáʔ kíí
milk (v.) kɔ́njulúk kɔ́njulɔ́ʈɔ̀k ɗúúɖu ɗúúʈu kweilu kweilɛɖà
modern medicine ɖáwà < Arabic ɖáwà
monkey rusɪ́n kurusɪ́ni alimaŋ kaləmi
moon, month kóù kikówɪ̀n káù kə́wɪ̀ɲ kòòʔ kweŋ
morning ɛlɛnyi
mosquito ɔ́mɪs kɔ́ma kumɛɖàk kumɛ̀ʔ
mother, his, her áŋúnà ámmunà ámuna
mother, my áyáʔ ä́ʈɛ̀ ɪ́nnà
mother, our ɪ́ŋŋà sɔŋɔ
mother, their ámunanyɔ
mother, your ɔ́ŋúnɔ̀ ámmunɔ̀ ámunuŋ
mountain, hill, stone kúrɛ̀ʈ kukúrɛ̀ʈ widespread for ‘stone’. cf. Birgid kuur,
mountain, hill, stone bɔ̀bɔ́rɔ̀t kì-bóbóròt-ɪ̀ uɖumɪk kuɖumɪk uɖumɪk kuɖumɪk hill, mountain
mouth íʈùk k(w)úʈɪ̀n úɖùk kwúɖɪ̀ŋ áɖùk kwúɖɪ̀ŋ cf. Murle otok, Bari kutuk, Maiak (+ most of Nilotic) ʈok, Fur ùtò,
much ɛ́mbɛràn
much, very keṭṭu
mud ʈɔkiʈɛ̀ʈ ʈɔk ʈɔ̀k ʈɔk
mud wall kumáŋgál kukumáŋgáli
mushroom kɪɖéékɪɖàk kɪɖɛ́ɛ́kɛ́
my maternal grandfather áfa n-ánnà
my maternal grandfather kwai n-ánnà
my paternal grandfather áfa n-apa
my paternal grandfather kwai n-apa
my paternal grandmother ám n-apa
my sister aranyuná nɔ̀ŋ nʈɛ́ púsùŋ árɪŋà arɪ́ŋà nɖálmɛ́
name kàlɪ́n, kàlɪ́ŋ pl. sometimes kikàlì kalɪŋ kalɪk cf. Katcha ɛrɛ, Meidob eere, Lotuxo kari, Baka iri
narrow kárianùk éjɪnyɪlàʔ amɪɗɪlàʔ
navel kwúllɔ̀ʔ kwúúllɔ́ʔ kúllà kugúllɛ̀ŋ
navel, prominent sulúkuʈúk kusulúkuʈúkì surukurùk kusurukurùk
near ʈɪkáʔ eɖɪkaʔ kééɖikà
neck ŋálòʔ kɪŋóónɖɪ̀n ŋálo kɪŋáɖɖɪŋ ŋálo kɪŋáʈɪŋ cf. Daju Shatt ŋase, Gaam ŋálg,
necklace karɗòʔ nʈɛ olaʈ kuurk kɪɖáá ɗaaɗarak nyarɗaʔ
net for fish kömɪk köömɪk
new n(ɗ)ɪ́ŋàn kɪnɗɪ́ŋàn aŋáŋ áŋaŋ cf. Shilluk ɲan, Gule gaŋas,
next year áwuḍḍɛ̀ŋ
nice áɗɗɪŋ
night ʔjóón kuʔjóónɪ̀k ʔjúnì koʔjúnì ajunì cf. Bagirmi njó
Nile monitor nyɛ́màl kɪnyɛ́malɪ̀k Varanus niloticus
nine ŋgɛʈúùn keɗina nya ááŋùŋ jálɪ́gɪ̀ɗɛ̀
no álaaŋ asɛ not
no láʔ < Arabic
nose kɪ́mɪ́nʈɪ̀n kɪkɪ́mɪ́nʈɪ́nì kɪ́mɖɪ̀ŋ kɪɖɪ́mɖɪ̀ŋ cf. Tama àmɪt, Berta Undu àmʊ́ŋ, Lugbara umvú, Maiak umu,
nose mámárɔ̀k kɔ́marɛ̀k cf. Kanga mɔrɔk, Daju Njalgul man-,
now kááʈanì alaʔŋ
oil nyínyàʔ Sg: bɪla nyínyàʔ. Pl: kɪnyínyàʔ
oil ɗúúsì bɪla nyínyàʔ kɪnyínyàʔ
old (people) ʈíí kiṭííɔ papá áfaŋa
old (things) rùn, nɗórùn kɪnɗórùn orɪŋ asíù = ‘bad’
one kíɗɔŋ kíɖɔ kɪ́ɗɗe cf. Uduk ɗe, Bagirmi kɛ́ɗɛ,
onion marjɛlʈɛʈ marjɛl < Arabic basal
open kɔ́ɖù kɔ́ɗɔʈɔ̀ kɔ́ɖuɖu kɔ́ɖuʈu kwɔɗiʈú kwɔɗiʈaɖá
ostrich ʈɪ́mɔnɪ̀ʈ kɪ́ʈɪmɔ̀n ʈúɖɖumò kúúʈumɪ̀k ánɖumàŋ kúnɖumɪ̀k < Kadu
other ńɗɔ̀ kɪʔja ídə̀ŋ ɪ́ɗɗèŋ cf. So ɛdɛn, Gaam ɗààn, Dinka daŋ,
outside ɛnɛ lááŋ
over, above kɪ́rɪ̀ŋ ullʷalɪŋ ɪllɛ́r-
over, above lúllò cf. head
owl ʔduuki kuʔduuki
penis ṭɪŋɪ̀n kɪṭɪŋɪnì ámmɔ̀r káámmɔ̀r ámurùk kámurùk
pepper ʃaṭṭa < Arabic
pepper filfil < Arabic ahɪlipɪliɖä̀k ahɪlipɪl < Arabic
perhaps kaansurɛ
person ɪɽáwɪrɪ̀ŋ núúɽɪ̀ŋ
person ɗéénì nɛ́ɛ̀ʔ írḍàŋ nííḍàŋ also nɛ̀ɛ̀ḍàŋ áɗɛ̀ŋ nɛ̀ɛ̀ʔ
pick up àràmà àràmàʈà
pick up in hand amʈá amʈáʈa
pierce pɔ̀ɔ̀ pɔ̀ɔ̀ɖà
pig, domestic kúʈùr kùkúʈúrì kúɖ(ɪ)rɪ̀k kúúɖ(ɪ)rɪ̀k kuɖurɪ̀k kuguɖuríyàʔ
pig, wild aʈapá kaʈapá
pinch kùù kùùʈà
place láàŋ kɪ̀láánɖɪ̀k ɛllɪ̀ŋ kɛllɪ̀ŋ lɛɛk kɪlɛɛk
play álúgwànà álúgwàʈànà bɪ́lá bɪ́láɖa aláuʈanà aláuʈanɛ̀
please makì nʈóbàn maʈákì ~ do good to
poison, venom mɔ́rɔ̀ʔ máraŋ áluk i.e. sing. of ‘root’ but applied to snakes etc.
poor fɔgur < Arabic
porcupine mɛl kimɛlɪk màl kɪmàlɪ̀k
pot n(ɗ)úŋwà kún(ɗ)úŋwà ṭáɽɛ̀ʔ kɪɽáɽɛ̀ʔ aɗuáʔ kuɗuáʔ
pot, water kalálù kuwálalù cf. Sudan Arabic kalōl
pour sɛɛrùk sɛɛrɪʈùk ahulnè ahulaɖinè ábbúlòu ábbuloʈòu
pour libation ʔbaalak ʔbaalaʈak
pray ílɔŋɔ̀ ílɔŋɔ̀ʈò speak to
pray kɛn ʔɖɛma kɛn ʔɖɛmaʈa ask help
pull waràk waraʈàk ájjɪrì ájjɪraɖài ájjɪrì ájjɪraɖà
punch báɖì kɛ nánàk nɗɪ́ŋɪlà báʈʈà kɛ nánàk nɗɪ́ŋɪlà
punish báá bááʈà cf. hit
push sɪ́pàk sɪ́paʈàk kuɖuhò kuɖuhoɖò sɛ́ŋɛrà sɛ́ŋɛraɗà
put, place ṭípɔ̀k ṭípɔ́ʈɔ̀k lumò lumoɖò áɗɪmà áɗɪmaɖà
python ɪ́ri, irí kirí ɪríí kiiriʔ ə́ri kɪniə́ri
quick (eating) saromsarom
quick (running) kwolṭɪŋ
quickly ásulá sákorɛʈ, sákorɛʈ sɔ́ɔ́mɛ̀ kusɔ́ɔ́mɛ̀
rain, sky, God náŋanàʈ nók not God nók
rainbow úlul kùlúlɪ̀k kafunɗɔ́lɪnyɔ̀ŋ
rainy season waaʈɪn
ram ṭúmpúlɔ̀ʔ kuṭúmpúlɔ̀ʔ ṭúgʷɔ̀ʔ kúɽugʷɔ̀ʔ ṭuŋwáʔ kuɽuŋwɪ̀k < Kadu
rat, brown báákú kubáákú
rat, mouse ʈɛ́ɗɪŋ, ʈɪ́ɗɪŋ kɪʈɪ́ɗɪŋ, kɪʈɛ́ɗɪŋ ṭɛ́dɛ́ŋ kɪɗɛ́dɛ́ŋ ṭɛ́ɗɪ́ŋ kɪ́ṭɛ́ɗɪ́ŋ
red nʈɛ̀rɛ̀ kɪnʈɛ̀rɛ̀ örutwɛʔ orbɛk also orɛk archaic
remember ɗoɗɪ́k ɗoɗɪ́kiʈik
rest, breathe áŋak áŋaʈak
return here kɪ́rɪ́ŋònìk kɪ́rɪ́ŋàʈànài ɗáŋŋanà ɗáŋŋananà ʈúsanà ʈúsaɖanà
return there kɪ́rɪ́ŋànàk kɪ́rɪ́ŋàʈànàk
rib kúrúkɔk kùkúrúkɔkɪ̀ kɪ́ŋinɪ̀k kɛ́ŋɪ́ŋ kiniɖək kɪ̀ŋ
rich sɪ́l kɪsɪ́loʔ < Hill Nubian. lit ‘chief’
rifle, gun almúnɖuŋ kálmunɖuŋ
right hand nínàʈ nʈɛ́ bɔ́kùn ɛ́nnɛ̀k yáá lámàk nánà na lamàk ‘hand of food’
rise, go up ŋɛ́ʈàk ŋɛ́ʈaʈàk ŋáʈarɪ̀ŋ ŋáʈaʈarɪ̀ŋ
river pɔ́kɪʈ kɪpɔ́kiʈɪ̀n súrɔ́ʔ kusúrɔ́ʔ kɪri
road aro, arw kɔ́rr áro kwárɪŋ cf. Nandi ɔ̀ɔ̀r,
road ɔ́nʈɪ̀ʈ kɔ́nʈɪ̀n ? cf. So ôd,
roan antelope kɔ́lloruk kwɔ́llɛrɪ̀k
rock rááràŋ kɪrááràŋ
root muréék kumɔrɔ vein, sinew
root, vein kɪ́rɪkɪ̀rɪ̀ʈ kɪrákɪràʔ kɪ́rɪk kɛ̂r kíriɖàk kírɪk root, vein, sinew, tendon Assuming the underlying root is –ri(k) this looks very much like Niger-Congo forms
rope mɪ̀s máà lɔ̀l kalɔ́l lɔ̀k kɔlány
rope hanging frame, net sɛsɪlàŋ sɛsɪlàŋì lɔ̀kɔ̀k kɪ́nílɔ̀kɔ̀k
rope, cattle rók kurók
round, spherical ṭɔ́ŋkɔlɔŋanɛ̀n oɗogoláʔ kéŋɔrʈunà
rub, wipe kurana kuraʈana
run kajaŋài kajaŋaʈài ráʈʈà ráttaɖà ráʈʈà ráʈʈaɖà
sack, bag, waterskin ṭúlúkɔ̀ʔ kuṭúlúkɪ̀k bɪlaɖɛ < KK
sacrifice for dead kɛ̀lɛ̀ŋ
sad, angry, sorry pori
saliva kùmùʔ
salt sɛlɛlɪnʈɛʈ sɛlɛlɛ sɛlɪk bɪlasɛlɛŋ sɛlɛŋ < Kadu N.B. bi- is a dim. prefix
same as ɛ kɪ̀lí kɪnyàŋ lit. ‘with their bodies’
sand pɔ́kɪ̀ʈ ɖ/ð also river, valley ʈɛnnɪ́k ʈɛ́ŋ cf. Mayak tiŋil
saw (v.) ʔbɔʈɔka ɛ munʃáár < Arabic
say ilɛŋéì ilɛŋɛ̀ʈéì nyá nyaɖáá nyá nyɛ́ʈá
scar kɔ̀rànɛ́n
scar súkurʈɛ̀ʈ súkur, kusúkúrì
scorpion nyínyɔ̀ŋ kunyínyɔ̀ŋ nányòŋ kunányòŋ nyúnyɔ̀ŋ kinyúnyɔ̀ŋ
scratch (v.) aŋgurana aŋguraʈana
scrotum kuêɛ̀rɪ̀ŋ
see aŋkɪlɪ̀k aŋkɪlàʈa ŋk assimilates to ŋg ? Nubian Kadaru ŋɛl, Fur ögil,
see pà faɖa fù faaɖà
seed ʈɛ́ɛ̀ʈɪ̀ʈ ʈɛ́ɛ̀ʈ ʈɔ́yoɖə̀k ʈòyɔ́k ʈééyɪɖàk ʈééyàk < Katcha ʈɔyɔ/na-
self kɪ̀líʔ body + reflexive pronoun
sell, buy kɔ́lɔ́ʔbà kɔ́lɔ́ʔbàʈà kwɔ́kwɔ́labà also ‘buy many things’
send agɪlɪ́k agɪlàʈàk
sesame káfálaŋ afóŋ na káfálaŋ
sesame káfalɛɖàk kiáfálàŋ
seven kálákaròk kwɔ́ŋuŋ nyɛɖanàʔ 4 + 3 àŋwàiɖànàʔ
sew ranɗɪnà ranɗɪnàʈà ɗáɗɗarɖà ɗáɗɗarʈà áɗrʈì áɗɪrʈaɖà
sewing áɗ(ɪ)rÿàk
shadow, spirit ʔbɔ́ɔ̀ kuʔbɪ́ny, kuʔbɪ́ŋ ɓáròʔ cf. God boro kuboro
shake head sideways pipiṭikɔ pipiṭikɔʈɔ
sharp aʈɛʔkɛ́ɛ̀ʔ ‘has teeth’ saiccók aɖɛ kèèʔ ‘has teeth’
sharp ṭɛlʈɛl aicakarrà
shield dáragà kɪdáragà < Arabic
shield wór, wúr kwòráʔ ʈɔ́nɔ̀ŋ kuɖɔ́ɔ́nɪk láŋ kɪ́laŋ archaic word
shiver ɔ́làk ɔ́laʈàk
shoe óɖuŋɪ̀k kinyúnyɔ̀ŋ
shoot gun ármà almùnɖù ármaɖà kalmùnɖù
short sɛ̀rɛ̀ʔ kɪsɛ̀rɛ̀ʔ oɗogoláʔ anɖɪŋɪràʔ
shoulder kɔ́kɔlɔŋɪ̀ʈ kíkɔlɔ̀ŋ mésawèk kemésawàʔ lɔfɔk kulɔfɔk
shout kugɪ̀k kugwaʈà kwáá
shout, weep wujìk wojoʈɔ̀k ɗɔ́rɔnà ɗɔ́rɔnaɖà
shut yákà yákaʈà ɗɛ́kkɪrà ɗɛ́kkɪràɖa nyakɪɖà nyakɪɗaɖà
sick bòlébòlɪ́n, bùlɛ́bùlɛ́n kùbòlá
side rɛmɛ kɪrɛmɛ
sieve grain ulu ulɔʈɔ
sing ssö ssöɖo
sing síà síaɖà
sister, his arányanà ɔrɔ́inà nɖálmɛ̀
sister, your áranɔ̀ ɔráinù nɖálmɛ̀
sit ʈɛ̀nyù ʈɛ̀ɲʈàʈù(k) cf. Dinik ɗɛ̀n, Berta Fadashi doŋoʃ,
sit kárpà kárpaɖà kárfulà kárfulaɖà
six sɛ́ŋkɛ̀ʈ, sáŋgàʈ kwɔ̀ɖenɪ̀ŋ kɪɗenṭɪ̀ŋ
sixteen ámù fuɖɪ́ gɪ́ɖenṭɪ̀ŋ
skin, hide laŋún kɪlaŋúni lanyɪ́k kɪlanyáʔ kɪlɛnyóʔ lɛnya kɪlɛnya
sky náŋanàʈ nók also rain arŋóóɖàk
slave ɔɗɔn desoʔ also, stranger, enemy aɗuŋ kaɗuŋ aɗɔŋ kwɔɗɔŋ
sleep rɔ́ŋɪnùk rɔ́ŋɪnṭaʈùk ḍáŋ(g)ɪrɔ̀ ḍáŋ(g)ɪrɔ̀ɖɔ̀ ṭáŋunù ṭáŋanaɖù cf. Dinik tuŋgùn, Surmic e.g. Didinga taŋu,
slowly kɔ́nɔkɔnɔ́k
slowly ŋɔ́nɔŋɔnɔ́k ɗúccókwàì
small nsɪ̀ɗɪ̀ɗì kɪkɛ̀nɪ̀k ímúḍókwàk kɪ́mɪ́ḍɪ́ḍɪ̀k ɗúccàì ɗúccógwàì ? Katcha -ɪʈiʈi
smell something ŋóŋulù ŋóŋulaʈùk ŋwáń ŋwááɖa ŋwei ŋweiɖà
smell, smelly ŋulaʈ
smoke kɪ́ʈɪ́mùʔ, kúʈúmùʔ, kɪ́ɖɪ́mùk kuɖúmmɔ̀ʔ kuɖúmu ? Meidob kumédí if metathesis
smooth ʔbulu ʔbulùs ohólhollɪ̀k nyifúlfullɪ̀k
snake lólùk, lólòk kɔ́lugɪ̀k, kɔ́logɪ̀k lö́lùk kóliʔ laluk kwólɪŋ cf. Daju Shatt dɔl, Acholi twol, Gaam ɖö́ö́r, ? So dɛu
snap stick pílà fɪ́li fɪ́lêaêà
sneeze ɔ̀sak ɔ̀saʈak əssɪɖei əssɪʈei
so ʈiṭɔk
soft nyírguʈnyirgùʈ nyínyullunyullùk
soil ʈabbàŋ kɪ́ɖabbèk
son, boy ɗál kɪɗɛ́l ɗák nɖáámàk kɪɗɪŋ kɪnɖáámɪ̀ŋ
son, his ɗánanɛ̀
son, my ɗál ɛ́nnàŋ ɗánnáŋ
son, your ɗál ɛ́nnàŋ únnò ɗánnɪ́ŋ
song málàn kumálánɪ̀ kɪsi kɪsiik kɪ̀sɪk
sour ʈɪ́ɗɛ̀r aɗàrr àɗɛ̀ɛ̀rɪ̀k
speak agɛʈa agɛʈaʈa
speak ílɛŋɛ̀ ílɔŋɔ̀ʈɔ̀
speak to ílɔnɔ̀k ílɔŋɔ̀ʈɔ̀k ilɔ ilɔɖɔ́ɔ́
spear ṇsɔ̀ kɪn káɽaʔ kááɽàʔ kaɽa kiaɽa ? < Kadu
spear, barbed sésɪ̀ŋ kɪsésɪ̀ŋ
spider óò ná kɔ́ŋàʔ kwéèn kɪná kɔ́ŋà lit. ‘dog of flies’ aráárək —
spit báá kɔmú bááʈà kɔmú sɪkɪɖane a kumúʔ sɪkɪɖanádɪk a kumúʔ ɖɪʈanɛ́ kumuʔ ɖɪʈaʈanɛ́ kumuʔ kumuʔ = saliva
spit báʈɛ̀ kɔmú báʈàʈà kɔmú
split ɛʈɛka ɛʈɛkaʈa
split kɔ́rù kɔ́ràʈà kɔ́ru kɔ́rɖù kɔ́ru kwɔ́rʈaʈà
spoon lɛnsá kɪlɛnsá káɓu kááɓuk
spread something out farɪʃɔ farɪʃɔʈɔ < Arabic ʈáppolo ʈáppoloɖo
squeeze nyúlà nyúlàʈà
stab ápì ápaʈà ákwuɖì ákwuʈò áfì áfaɖà
stand ilʈùk ilʈɔʈɔ̀k ʈɪ́gɪɖonò ʈɪ́gɪʈonò líɖù líʈaɖù stand, stop
star ɗúlɪ̀ʈ kuɗúlàʔ kwuḍɪ́llɪ́ɖə̀k kwuḍɪ́llllɪ̀ŋ ɗúlɪ̀k kuɗúlɪ̀ŋ cf. Ik ɗɔ́ɫɛát,
steal agulà agulaʈà ákwula ákwulaɖà ákwulì ákwulaɖà
stem bigur kubiguri
stick karṭábù kɪgárṭabù
stick ɗók kwɔɗ(ɪg)ɪ́n ɗók koɗéŋ ɗók kwuɗɪŋ
stirring stick pɪ́s kɪ́pɪ́sɪ́n pusɔŋ kɪhísɛnɪ́k fɪ́k kɪ̀fíyàʔ
stone kórɛ̀ʈ kukórɛ̀ʈ kúrɔ̀k kúúrɔ̀k also beads kuràk kuurak cf. Tama kwʊ́ɽa, proto-Nilotic *kɔr, Dongolawi kúlu, Songhay guru ‘hill’, Malinke kulu, Heiben k-ɔl,
stop, cease ʈɪlʈiʈɔ ʈɪlʈiʈaʈɔ
story ʈamunɗɛ́ɛ̀kà kɪʈamunɗɛ́ɛ̀kà
straight ʈɛ̀rʈɛ̀r, ʈɪ̀rʈɪ̀r esɪjjɔraʔ kɛʈʈwɪ́k
stranger, guest ɔ́jɪ́lʈɛ̀ʈ ɔ́jɪ́lì
stream, seasonal ḍɛ̀k kɪḍík small sandy khor
string lɔ̀ ɪŋjíjilaʔ
strong (of people) bírʈù < Hill Nubian áêɛnyà
strong (of things) kɪlákkɪlàŋ nyàrɪ̀ dry, hard nyɛkuṭákuṭàŋ
strong thing
strongly, quickly, harshly koṭṭo
stupid koʈikoli kikoʈikoli
suck ɛlɪk ɛlaʈàk jé’joɖà jé’joʈà
suckle ɛlákì ɛlaʈákì áli álaɖá ààlì aalaɖà
sun nónù, núnù nö́nù ŋáŋùʔ
swamp ɗagi kɪɗagi
sweat sɪ́rɛnɛ́n ilɔ ilɔɖɔ́ɔ́
sweep argwá argwáʈà kwúrɖà kwúrʈà kwurʈà kwurʈaʈà
sweet nɖɪ́ʔjì kɪnɖɪ́ʔjì aṭul nyɪkɛ́ɗikɛɗɗɪ̀k
swell yáì
swim báá luɪ̀ny báálà luɪ̀ny also bááláál lɪ́m(ɪ)ɖamuŋ lɪ́m(ɪ)ʈámuŋ ? + water bá ánɗɔ̀ŋ bááʈá ánɗɔ̀ŋ lit. hit swimming cf. Tama baɽa, Daju Liguri ɓa(a)y, but these may be simply cognates of ‘hit, strike’
tail rɪ́ŋgákɪs, rɪ́ɪ́ŋgɪ̀s kɪrɪ́ŋgákàʔ k ~ g sábòŋ kɪsáboŋàʔ ṭákak kɪɽákik
take kɔ́mùk kɔ́mɔʈɔ̀ kám kámaɖei / ámuʈà
take away àràmà àràmàʈà umweanɪ̀k
take away, hold àràmù àràmùʈà
take for oneself sɛ́ŋ sɛ́ɖei
tail rɪ́ŋgákɪs, rɪ́ɪ́ŋgɪ̀s kɪrɪ́ŋgákàʔ sábòŋ kɪsáboŋàʔ ṭákak kɪɽákik
talk, speak, tell ílɔŋɔ̀k ílɔŋɔ̀ʈɔ̀k áɗafɖà aɗúfʈaɖà
taste jejɛmà jejɛmàʈà lapa láfá láfaáɖà also try, test
tear (n.) kɔ́manʈɛ̀ʈ kɔ́mɔ̀ʔ kɪɖáhòŋ kɔ́màʔ
tear (v.) swirà swiraʈà ásí, ásɪɗa ásɪṭa séréi sérʈaɖà
tell story ʔɖaʈak ʔɖaʈakaʈak
ten ŋgɛ́mmùk, kɛ́mmùk , alanɪkì alakɪnakà àmɖáʈúk
termite logwan kologwani
termite luganʈɛ̀ʈ lugàn ŋwɔ̀ŋ áinanuàŋ nuàŋ
termite, soldier áwɛŋ
testicle ṭorunyɪ̀ʈ kɪṭorùny ʈɛ́rɪŋìk kɪ́ɖɛrɪ̀ŋ ɗánakuɖɛ̀rɪ̀ŋ kɪɗɗákuɖɛ̀rɪ̀ŋ ‘child of scrotum’
thank you kɛ́ nʈóbàn lit. ‘it is good’
that (far) nɔnnɔ kɪnɔnnɔ
that (far) nʈɪgɪnɔɔnɔk kɪnʈɪgɪnɔɔnɔk
that (near) nɔ kɪna
that (near) nʈɪgɪnɔ kɪnʈɪgɪna nɛ̀ kɪnɛ̀
thatching grass nyìk nyìk
then ìs(s)ún ussʷɪŋ
there nʈàkànà ɔlonò ánɔ́
they nákàʈà kɪnnáʔ kɪnnáʔ
thick ɗúrmà
thick ḿbù ḍúrru
thigh kuṭuŋuṭùg kuṭuŋuṭùgì óhùʔ kohunòʔ afuk kɪ́nɪŋafuk
thigh ŋuṭuŋuṭúŋ kuŋuṭuŋuṭúŋi
thin (people) máŋanɛ̀n
thin (people, objects) nyɪ́lɔŋàʔ ejényelàʔ ájijilàʔ ájijilɪ̀k
thing ʈɪ́lɔ̀ŋ kɪ́ʈalɔŋ, kɪ́ʈɔlɔŋ ɗía lɛ́
think óòmɔ̀ + verb particularly lɪ́pà, to look for, or ɗɪka, to find, see
thirsty, to be nónù, núnù + verb ɔ́ʈù, to kill nanáámùŋ hunger for water arámʈàʔ thirst
thirty ʈeaɗi kɛ kwáɖanàʔ
this ni kɪni nì kɪnɪ̀ cf. So nɪn, Tama ɪ́ŋ, Dinik nɛ̀, Gaam nɛ́ and mnay further probable cognates (or do demonstratives just look like this?)
this nʈɪ̀gɪ̀nɪ̀ kɪnʈɪgɪni aléì alakè
thorn nɔ́ŋonɪ̀ʈ kɔ̀ník
thorn núŋwanɪ̀ʈ kwàník nánɪ̀ŋ kánɪ̀k nánɪ̀ŋ kíanɪ̀k
thou nɪ́n nɪ́ŋ nɪ́ŋ cf. Daju Sila ɪ́nɪŋ, Mursi nina, Pokot ɲíì, Songhay ni, Kanuri ɲi, Mangbetu íní. Incidentally, this looks like a pretty good isogloss for Nilo-Saharan (Niger-Congo has the same for 1st person sg.)
three kwɔ́ʈanáʔ kwɔ́ɖanàʔ kwáɖaŋàʔ cf. Tulishi -ɛɖɔna, Gaam ɔ́tɔ́, Berta Malkan odo, Maiak ɗö́k, as all West Nilotic
throat kíro kííro
throw ɔpurú ɔpurɔ́ʈù árɔma árɔmad
ɖà = ‘shoot’ ármà ármaɖà
throw towards ɔ́rɔmai ɔ́rɔmaɖài
throwing knife wuʈal kuwuʈali
thumb ɗánanánàk ɗúrmà kɪɗágɛ́ŋ ɗúrmà
thunder koʈujɪ̀n ná náŋanàʈ ‘shouting of sky’ nók ʈɪbaʈanɛ ‘sky struck’
thus, so gi
thus, so nʈɔga aləɓɓí
thus, so nyagá
tie ɛ́mbɛ̀là ɛ́mbɛ̀làʈà ámmalà ámmalaɖà amɛmɛlà amɛleɖà
time, place láàŋ
today kááʈanì nɪmɪnà ánnamanɪ̀ŋ
together, be ana, ɔnɔ
together, with ɛʈɛ, ɛ
tomorrow isááʈɪ̀n lɛ́bɪrɖä̀ ásɪɖɪ̀ŋ
tongue mɛ́nɖɪnyàʈ kɪmɛ́nɖɪnyàʈ ŋáḍɪmàk kɪŋáḍɪmàk kɛ́ɗɛmàk kɛ́ɛ́ɗɛmàk cf. Songhay dèènè. Possibly widespread cognacy with metathesised forms e.g. Dongolawi nɛ́d, Bari ŋɛ́dɛ́p, Uduk aled, Lendu ledà. Alternatively a loan from a lost Niger-Congo language. Cf. Defaka mɛnduɔ, Bedik i-ɗem, Proto-Gbaya *lembe und so weiter
tooth awɪ̀s kɛ́ɛ̀ʔ iyɪ́k sɛʔ áyàk kèèʔ
touch ɔ̀lák ɔ̀láʈak
tree mɛ́rɛŋɪ̀s mɛ́rɛŋ ɓòʔ kùɓwɛ̀ŋ < kùɓòɛ̀ŋ bɔ́ɔ́rɪ̀ŋ kuɓɪŋ
tribe nɛ́ɛ̀ʔ kiná kurɛ̀ʈ ‘people of hill’ kwuêùŋ
true jɪ́rjɪ̀r
turn welak welaʈak
turn something ɲiʈà ɲiʈàʈà kwáʈalarɪ̀ŋ fállanyà fállanyaɖà
turtle káɗáʔ kááɗáʔ
turtle abugaɖom kabugaɖom < Arabic abūgadaḥ
twenty ʈeaɗi
twenty-one ʈeaḍi gɪ́ḍḍe
twin ɗál nʈɛ ɗulɔ̀n kɪɗɛ́l nʈɛ ɗulɔ̀n kuŋwúlɪɖä̀l koŋól kulɔŋɔŋ
two károkwɛ káro káro
udder nyúŋ kɪnɪnyúŋ
under aʈak ʈuhalɪŋ ɪlléle-
untie ŋwúlɖì ŋwúlʈaɖà
up kɪrɪŋ aɗɗárɪŋ ɪllɛ́r- (?)
upper grindstone for grain ḍá ḍɪ́mɪ́k kɪɖɪŋ na ḍɪ́mɪ́k
upper lip íʈùk nɖɛɛrɪ̀ŋ lanyɪ́k ya ullwalɪŋ áɖù ɪllélewòk
urinate ábiɖa ábitə ábbiʈa ábiɖɖa
urine kɪbɔ́lɔ̀ʔ kibö́lɔ̀ʔ kibélàʔ
valley, seasonal stream pɔ́kɪʈ
vein, tree root kɪ́rɪkɪ̀rɪ̀ʈ kɪrákɪràʔ kibélàʔ
very koṭṭu
village ɪ́lɛ̀ < Arabic ḥil قروى alhɪlli < Arabic ḥil
village kwíìʔ lit. houses kwùêùŋ also ‘tribe’
voice ŋálòʔ kɪŋóónɖɪ̀n alleɖà alleʈà
vomit káṭakà káṭakaʈà alleɖì alliʈaɖà
vulture sɪ́bɪ̀r kɪsɪ́bɪ́rì kúnnɛ̀k kúnnɔŋ kʷósolò kʷóósolò
vulva, vagina ììr kììrɪ̀k ìr kììr árɪ̀k kɪ́rɪ̀k
wait ùnjɪli ùnjɪlaʈa
wake someone furuŋai furuŋɪnʈɔʈai
walk wírɔ̀k wírɔ̀ʈɔ̀k ŋwùrò ŋwùròɖò ɪņɖá k-ɛ́llù
walk wúrɔ̀k wúrɔ̀ʈɔ̀k
want, look for lɪ́pà lɪ́pàʈà ɔh(w)ài ‘I want’ anyɛ́ ‘I want, like’
war, quarrel ŋɔ́rbɔ́k
warm, hot wááraŋ arráŋ aaraŋ
warrior ɖéénì nʈɛ bɪrʈùk nɛ́ɛ̀ʔ nʈɛ́ kɪbɪ̀rʈùk < Hill Nubian fáárɪ̀s < Arabic
wash (self), bathe ɔ́ʔbɔ̀ ɔ́ʔbɔ̀ʈɔ̀ ɛ́bɛnà abenà abeêanà
wash something weʈí weʈaʈà ŋwóɖà kwúʈì kwúʈaɖà
watch, guard, care for áŋkɪlʈi áŋkɪlʈaʈà
water múŋ imúŋ, umúŋ amuŋ
water lizard mányálɪ̀k kɪmányáliyàʔ
water-rat ámmɛ̀ kúmmɛ̀
we (dual) sák
we (excl.) káʈ kák kák
we (incl.) sasák, sásàk kasák kalásɪk
weak, thin nyɔ́nyɔ̀ʔ
wear iyú iyáʈú
well pɔ́ɔ̀ kupɪ́n fɔ́ʔ kupɛ́ŋ fɔ́k kufɪ́ŋ
wet nʈwì nyɪlɛ kɪnyálkaɖàk
what? ŋɛ́, ŋiɛ́ɛ́ ŋei ŋɛʔ
when? láàŋɛ́ ? < láàŋ ‘place, time’ + ŋɛ́ ‘what’ láánɪ̀k áwei
where? kʷóó, ʔbóó mme wááʈɪkà
which? nɛ̀nɛ̀, nɛ̀ɛ̀n kɪnɛ̀ɛ̀n
white ṇṭɪ̀ṭɪ̀k kɪ́ṇṭɪṭɪ̀k ɛɽɛɽɛ̀k kɛɽɛɽɛ̀k ɽ ~ ʈ áṇɗəɽɪ̀k
white man áḍɛ̀ŋ ánḍəɽɪ̀k nɛ̀ɛ̀ʔ kɪ́nḍəɽɪ̀k
who? ŋáni ŋáninʈ ŋanɛ́ ánnɪ́ŋ
why? kɔ́ɔ́ áɓei
wide ɗwìrɗwìr ihallâʔ áfalɛŋà
wife, his nɪmɛ́nna
wife, his irɛ́nnwà nɪmɛ́nna
wife, my irɛ́nnàŋ nɪmɛ́nnáŋ
wife, your irɛ́nnɔ̀ nɪmɛ́nnɪ́ŋ
wind ɔ́púŋɪ̀ʈ kɔ́púŋɪ̀k ʈurrí ʈúrí
windstorm ɔ́púŋɪ̀ʈ ḿbù
wing lúpɔkɪ̀ʈ kulupókàʔ kapä́lɛɖàk káápalàk
witch aḍéŋ n-áwuɖàk nɪ́ŋi n áwuɖàk
witchcraft áwuɖàk
wobbling ɔrrɛ̀k
woman áɖɛŋ nɖalmɛ̀ nɛ̀ɛ̀ kɪnɖólɪ̀k
woman lɪ́kámɛ̀ʔ lúgɪ̀ʈ g ~ k ír dànàmɛ̀ʔ nuɖóllɪ̀k nɪ̀mɛ̀ʔ nɪŋ ɖólɪ̀k
word lɔ́ŋɔʈ kɪlɔ́ŋɔʈ ilä́k kilä́k kɪmɛ́sɛnɪk kɪmɛ́sɛ́niyaʔ
work ágɪ́làʈ lógwɔ̀ʔ kulógwɛ̀ŋ lúŋɔ̀ kulúŋɔ̀
work v. amʈá lúŋɔ̀ amʈaɖá lúŋɔ̀
worm ɛ́jɛ́mɪ̀ʈ kɪ́jɔmɔ̀
write kɪ́ʈɪ́bɔ̀ kɪ́ʈɪ́bɔ̀ʈà < Arabic
yawn amáì mɪnʈaʈà ámmɪɖèi ámaaɖài ama amoɖà
year sɪnɛ̀ʔ kɪsinɛ̀ʔ < Arabic áɖɖɪ̀ŋ kisɛ́ɖɖɪ̀ŋ nóóɖàk konóóɖàk
yellow aafɪ̀r afurunyàʔ
yes áu íyo
yesterday néégì áárɪ̀ŋ áárɛ̀
yonder nɖonɛ̀ kɪnɖo kɪnɛ̀
yonder áêɔnnɔ́
you pl. kɪ́ʈ kík kík
young girl nyírɖä̀k nyárɛ́
young person kɛmbɛrʈɛ̀ʈ kikɛmbɛrɛ ɗál iɖáʔ ʈáɖumo ʈáɖumo < Kadu

References

Vocabulary lists of African languages
Nilo-Saharan

Nilo-Saharan • p-Nilo-Saharan • p-Nilotic (p-E. Nilotic • p-S. Nilotic) • p-Surmic • NE Sudanic • p-Nubian • Nara • p-Daju • p-Jebel • Temein • Central Sudanic (p-Central Sudanic • p-Sara-Bongo-Bagirmi • Sinyar • Birri • p-Mangbetu) • p-Kuliak (Ik) • Kadu • Berta • Kunama • Gumuz • p-Koman • Gule • Amdang • Mimi-D • p-Maban • Mimi-N • Kanuri • p-Songhay • Tadaksahak

Niger-Congo

p-Niger-Congo • p-Atlantic-Congo • p-Benue-Congo • p-Grassfields • p-Ring • Momo • Tivoid • Ekoid • Beboid • Bendi • p-Bantu (Swadesh list) • p-Kongo • p-Jukunoid • p-Plateau (p-Tarokoid) • p-N. Jos • p-Fali • p-Yoruboid • Olukumi • p-Edoid • p-Akokoid • p-Igboid • Akpes • Ayere-Ahan • p-Upper Cross River • p-Lower Cross River • Anaang • p-Ogoni • p-Ukaan • p-Nupoid • Oko • p-Idomoid • p-Ijaw • Defaka • p-Gbe (Fongbe) • p-Potou-Akanic • p-Mumuye • p-Jen • Yendang • Tula-Waja • p-Lakka • p-Bua • Kim • p-Central Togo • p-Guang • p-Gurunsi • p-Oti-Volta (p-E. Oti-Volta • p-C. Oti-Volta) •  Tiefo • Natioro • Bariba • p-Gbaya • Dogon • p-Mande (p-W. Mande • p-Mandekan • p-Niger-Volta • p-S. Mande) • Atlantic (Guinea) • p-Fula-Sereer • p-Cangin • p-Manjaku • Bijogo • p-Talodi • p-Heiban • p-Katloid • Rashad • Lafofa

Afroasiatic

p-Afroasiatic • p-Chadic • p-Ron • p-North Bauchi • p-South Bauchi • South Bauchi • p-Central Chadic • p-Masa • Kujarge • p-Cushitic • p-Agaw • p-Omotic • p-Aroid • p-Maji • Mao • p-Semitic

Khoisan

Khoisan • p-Khoe • p-Central Khoisan • p-Tuu •

Language isolates

Bangime • Jalaa • Laal • Ongota • Shabo • Sandawe • Hadza

Others

p-Niger-Saharan

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia