Appendix:Proto-Lakka reconstructions

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The following list of Proto-Lakka reconstructions is from Boyd (1974). Lakka belongs to the Mbum subgroup of the Adamawa languages.

Note: French glosses are directly from the original source. English glosses, not in the source, are translations in progress.

List

No. French gloss English gloss Proto-Lakka
1 femme, épouse wife *wá-i
2 homme, mari man, husband *wɔ̀-t
3 mère mother *má
4 corps body *mɔ́n
5 nez nose *cɔN-k
6 eau water *mbì
7 prendre take *ɓʊ(ŋ)
8 un one *mbe-p
10 pluie rain *mbàm-()
11 prendre feu, s'allumer catch fire, light up *mba(ŋ)
12 accoucher give birth *mbəŋ
13 œuf egg *pàN-t
14 pourri rotten *pʊŋ
15 blanc white *pu
16 poil, plume hair, feather *bə́-t
17 front, visage front, face *pəl
18 sein, lait breast, milk *pʷaN-t/-m
19 noir black *p(ʷ)it
20 père father *bà/á
22 ventre, dedans belly, inside *ɓíl
23 parce que because *ɓài
24 dire parole say, speak *ɓà-i
25 lune moon *fé-p
26 tourner turn *fet
27 dos, derrière back, behind *fàl
28 ongle nail *fɔN-k/-t
29 sentir (mauvaise odeur) smell (bad smell) *foN
30 neuf new *foi
31 chemin path *fʊ́l/-k
31a penser think *ful
32 chose chose *fèn
33 laver, mouillé, froid wash, wet, cold *vɔk/vo
34 gratter, se gratter scratch *vɔŋ
35 oncle uncle *nà(á)
36 animal, viande animal, meat *nà-i
37 dormir, sommeil sleep *ná-m
38 quatre four *nɛ̀-t/-ʔ
39 œil eye *nún
40 huile, graisse oil, grease *nú-m
41 cinq five *ndēp
42 danser, danse dance *ndà(ʔ)-i
43 frapper hit *ndak
44 droit, bon right, good *ndat
45 main, bras hand, arm *ndó-k
46 oiseau bird *ndò-i
47 corne horn *tʸéN-p
48 plume, aile feather, wing *táN-i
49 lisse, clair, briller smooth, clear, shine *taŋ/*teŋ
50 essuyer wipe *ta
51 laver, rincer wash, rinse *tʷək/t
52 brûler burn *tɔk
53 jambe leg *tú-(k)
54 vieux (chose) old (object) *taN-ʔ/-p
55 sel salt *tò-m
56 percer drill *tum/ŋ
57 tête head *tə́l
58 loin far *ɗi
59 chanter chanson sing song *ɗi-sìŋ
60 courir course, craindre run race, fear *ɗuk
61 sale, saleté, noir dirty, black *ɗ₁ʊ-k
61a noir, sale black, dirty *yit/sˣiŋ
63 calebasse calabash *ɗɔ̄k
64 frère, sœur sibling *ɲɛ́n
65 sucer suck *ɲok
65a se gratter scratch *ɲap
66 jouer jeu play game *g₂ɛ́-m
67 boire to drink *nɟɔ
68 cuire cook *nɟɔ
69 bouche mouth *nɟá-k
70 lance spear *njá-p/-i
71 personne person *nɟə̀-k
72 poisson fish *nɟ₁iŋ
73 racine root *sàN-p/t
74 queue tail *sáN-p
75 corde rope *sàl
76 farine flour *sól-m
77 deux two *sí-t
78 lancer (la lance) throw (spear) *sɔ(n)
79 cracher crachat, vomir spit, vomit *sam
80 oreille ear *sú-k
81 terre earth *sʊ-t
82 rire laugh *sák
82a cendre ash *sɛŋ-k
83 marcher, aller walk, go *set
84 pierre stone *sà-p/-t/-i
85 attacher tie *siŋ
86 année year *sé-p
87 coudre sew *saN ?
88 nuit night *súŋ
89 cou neck *sòl
90 rouge red *sɛŋ
91 cent hundred *sɔ̄t
92 dent tooth *sˣɛl/ŋ
93 fendre split *sˣak
94 manger eat *suŋ
95 jour, soleil day, sun *sˣé(-k)
96 dessus, ciel above, sky *sˣí-p
97 sang blood *sˣɛ́-m
98 trois three *sˣā(ʔ)-i
99 serpent snake *sˣò-i
100 se laver, laver, mouillé wash, wet *so/*sa
101 cheveu hair *sʳoN-i
102 brouillard fog *sāN-i
103 là-bas over there *s₁á-áu
104 pousser push *s₁ok
105 herbe grass *sˣù-k/*sˣu(ʔ)-i
111 chaud hot *zˡaŋ
112 voler (oiseau) fly (bird) *zo
113 lourd, épais heavy, thick *zi
I vouloir want to *zi
114 six six *zɛ́(t)
115 langue tongue *rím
116 nom name *rìn
117 pleurer, pleur cry *rʊ̀-p
118 tordu twisted *ra
119 tomber fall *le
120 cœur, foie heart, liver *là-p
121 percevoir perceive, understand *laʔ
121a petit small *lɛŋ(-t)
123 manger eat *lʳak
125 mordre bite *loŋ
126 beaucoup many *ngɛ
127 attacher to tie *nga(ŋ)
128 compter, dire count, say *ke(ŋ)
129 couper cut *kəŋ
130 s'asseoir, rester sit, stay *kap
131 cuire cook *kat
133 endroit place, location *gɛl/ŋ
134 tirer shoot *kok
135 voir see *kɔ
136 montagne mountain *kə(l)-i
137 sable sand *kók
138 filet net *kʸák
138a genou knee *kəN-r
139 poule chicken *kāN-k/-I
140 venir come *g₁i
141 qui ? who? *g₁ɛ́
142 feuille leaf *g₁à-i
143 chien dog *g₁á-i
144 percer pierce *g₁əʔ
145 petit small *g₁ʊ̄n
146 aujourd’hui today *g₁ú-t
148 vêtement clothing *gá-i/-t
150 gauche left *kp/gb/(ngb)(ɛ,ɔ)-t
151 arbre, bois tree, wood *kpə̀(-k)
152 personne, vieux old (of person) *kp/gbɔk
153 frapper hit *gba(l)
154 jeter throw *gbu
156 gratter scratch *kp/gb/gbaN
156a grand grand *ngo
157 donner give *hʊN
158 craindre, peur fear, afraid *hɛN-k
159 feu fire *hə̀-t
160 écorce bark *hə́-t/-i
161 presser presser *ham
162 autre other *hán
163 grand, gros big, large *hɔŋ/he-p
164 sec dry *hək
165 peau skin *hō-k
166 mourir, mort die, dead *hu
167 os bone *hū-t/-k
168 tuer kill *i(N)
169 large great *a
170 sucer suck *am
171 respirer breathe *ək
171a gratter scratch *ɔk
172 tranchant sharp *o
173 nager swim *ə
174 souffler blow *ul
175 droit, debout stand up *yo

References

  • Boyd, Raymond. 1974. Étude Comparative dans le groupe Adamawa. (Société d'études linguistiques et anthropologiques de France, 46.) Paris: Centre National de la Récherche Sciéntifique.
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