Appendix:Proto-Mandekan reconstructions

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The following list of Proto-Mandekan reconstructions is from Bimson (1976: 349-350).

The languages used to reconstruct Proto-Mandekan are Xassonke, Maninka, Bambara, Dyula, Konyanka, Wassulunka, Diakhanka, Mauka, and Bo.

List

No. Gloss Proto-Mandekan
1 name *tɔgɔ
2 one *kelen
3 two *fila
4 three *saba
5 four *naani(n)
6 five *loolu
7 person *mɔgɔ
8 man *kɛ
9 woman *muso
10 child *din
11 father *fa ?
12 mother *ma ~ *na ?
13 head *kun
14 hair *kun-si(gi) ?
15 nose *nun
16 eye *nya
17 ear *tulo
18 mouth *da
19 tooth *nyin
20 tongue *nɛn(e)
21 neck *kan
22 hand *bolo
23 foot *sɛn
24 knee *kumbelen ?
25 nail *bolo-sonin
26 breast *sin
27 belly *kondo
28 navel *bata(-kun)
29 skin *gbolo
30 bone *kolo
31 blood *joli
32 sky *san(-kolo)
33 fire *ta
34 water *ji
35 meat *sogo ~ *sobo ?
36 salt *kɔgɔ
37 many *sia-ma ?
38 stone *kaba
39 sun *tile
40 moon *kalo
41 night *su
42 rain *san-ji
43 smoke *sisi
44 sand *kɛnyɛ(n)
45 rope *julu
46 tree *yiri
47 leaf *fila
48 root *lili(n) ?
49 milk *nɔnɔ
50 grease *kɛn ~ *tulu ?
51 egg *(sisɛ-)kili
52 bird *kɔnɔ
53 fish *nyɛge
54 snake *sa
55 dog *wulu
56 big *bon ?
57 small *dɔgɔ(n) ?
58 black *fin
59 white *gbɛ
60 good *nyi(n)
61 new *kuta
62 old *kɔtɔ
63 hot *gbando
64 cold *suma(n)
65 dry *ja-le(n) ?
66 straight *tɛlini
67 come *na
68 sit *sigi
69 lie *la
70 sleep *sinɔgɔ
71 die *sa ?
72 fall *bi ?
73 stand *wuli
74 say *kuma
75 hear *mɛn
76 wash *k(w)o
77 see *ye
78 give *di
79 eat *domo(n)
80 drink *min
81 kill *faga
82 cut *tigɛ
83 hit *gbasi ?
84 sew *kala
85 I *ne
86 you *i
87 he *a
88 we *an ?
89 they *a(n) ?
90 who *jon
91 what *mun
92 not *tɛ
93 long *jan
94 short *suntu ?
95 here *yan
96 few *dɔndi
97 all *bɛ
98 path *sila
99 in *kɔnɔ
100 if *ni

References

  • Bimson, Kent (1976). Comparative reconstruction of Mandekan. In Studies in African Linguistics, Vol 7, No 3 (1976).
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