See Wiktionary:Todo/Westrobothnian cleanup for more information.

Template:gmq-bot-noun

1. Alternative form of nälik

From Old Norse nema, from Proto-Germanic *nemaną, from Proto-Indo-European *nem-, *neme-.

• IPA^(key):

  Rhymes: -ɪ̀mɐ

17 (preterite & supine nema or nemä)

1. (transitive) to reach for, to touch
2. (transitive) to pull the seine towards oneself slowly while seine fishing
3. to learn

• naamm (“to take”)
• nåm f
• nemd (“teachable”)

Category:gmq-bot:Fishing

From Old Norse nenna.

17 (preterite nennäsä)

1. (archaic) To dare.
2. Be stingy, save too much.

• nännäs

• wog

17 (comparative neoan, superlative neoest)

1. niggardly

From Old Norse nær, comparative of ná-.

• IPA^(key):
  • Rhymes: -éːr

17 (comparative nermene or nemmene, superlative nemmäst or nemest or nemst)

1. Close; near.

• nerhänneli
• nerhännäs
• nerkuno
• nerskylt
• närliggjen
• när
• näst
• skôtner

ner +‎ skyll

17

1. Closely related.

• osjilld

• näva

From Old Norse hnefi, nefi, of unknown origin. Cognate with Angermannic njäva, Dalbian (Varmelandia) na’v, Swedish näve and Icelandic hnefi.

• IPA^(key): ,

  Rhymes: -èːʋä, -ɛ̀ːʋä

17 m (definite singular nevan, dative nevanom, plural neva, definite plural nevana)

1. hand

17

1. (transitive) to grab, pick up something with the hand
2. (reflexive) to get a cramp from the former

• nävafyll
• nävahågg
• nävastärk
• nävasvag

• gönkän

Category:gmq-bot:Anatomy

• knåra
• knora

Compare Norwegian gnura.

17

1. To potter about.

17 m (definite singular nisstjen, plural nisska)

1. niche

From Old Norse njóta, from Proto-Germanic *neutaną.

17 (preterite neut, supine nuti)

1. to enjoy

• naut
• nykk
• nyytt

From Old Norse hnjósa, from Proto-Germanic *hneusaną.

17 (preterite naus, supine nusi)

1. to sneeze

From Old Norse njóta.

• IPA^(key):

  Rhymes: -jʉ̀ːt, -ʉ̀ːt

17 (preterite njöjt, supine njuti or nuti)

1. to enjoy

• Rietz, Johan Ernst, “njut”, in Svenskt dialektlexikon: ordbok öfver svenska allmogespråket (in Swedish), 1962 edition, Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups Förlag, published 1862–1867, page 468

17 (preterite njuskä)

1. (transitive) snitch, pilfer

From Middle Low German nouwen.

• IPA^(key): /nuː/, /nouː/, /nɔuː/, /nɒuː/

  Rhymes: -úː

  (ð-dropping) Rhymes: -úː, -úːð

17 (preterite noä or nodd, supine nodt)

1. (intransitive) to be of harm; to be damaging

   Ja trodd hä skull int no, men hä noä no ändå. ― I didn't think it would do any damage, yet it was indeed harmful.

2. (intransitive) to suffer, to lack something

   Han nodd int den ti’n han var dräng. ― He did not suffer as a farmhand.

   Han no int

   “He suffers not”: There is no emergency for him.

   Han no int der ’n jär ― He suffers no shortage where he is staying.

From Old Norse nóg, nógr, gnógr, from Proto-Germanic *ganōgaz.

• IPA^(key): /nuː/, /nouː/, /nɔuː/, /nɒuː/

  Rhymes: -úː

  (ð-dropping) Rhymes: -úː, -úːð

17

1. enough, sufficient

   No å dy. ― Enough of that.

2. probably
3. (interverbal) yet, indeed

• nögd

From Old Norse nói m (“small vessel”); compare Norwegian no m (“vessel made of a hollowed log”), Armenian նո (no, “small vessel”). The pronunciation of the verb with duosyllabic accent might be taken from the verb phrase, as verb phrases often use duosyllabic accent, and most similar verbs otherwise have monsyllabic accent; compare bo (“dwell”) and li (“scythe”).

• IPA^(key): /nuː/, /nouː/, /nɔuː/, /nɒuː/ (noun)

  Rhymes: -úː

  (ð-dropping) Rhymes: -úː, -úːð

• IPA^(key): /²nuː/ Template:gmq-bot-pronu-note (verb)

  Rhymes: -ùː

  (ð-dropping) Rhymes: -ùː, -ùːð

17 m

1. trough
2. trench

17 (preterite noä)

1. (transitive, particle båhtti) to make hollow, hollow out

• Rietz, Johan Ernst, “NO”, in Svenskt dialektlexikon: ordbok öfver svenska allmogespråket (in Swedish), 1962 edition, Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups Förlag, published 1862–1867, page 470

no +‎ -al

17

1. fastidious

From Old Norse norðr, from Proto-Germanic *nurþrą.

• IPA^(key): /ˈnuːɽ/, /ˈnouːɽ/

  Rhymes: -úːɽ

17 m

1. north

17

1. north

   nol i ron

   north in the wroo

   nol i båttn

   north in Bothnia

• nola (“from the north”)
• nolest (“furthest to the north”)

Category:gmq-bot:Compass points

17 (preterite & supine notte)

1. (intransitive) To hum.

Compare dialectal Danish nuske, nøske (“id.”), dialectal Norwegian nuske (“skulk, potter.”)

17

1. (middle voice, intransitive) To be pulling someone’s hair.

From Old Norse nýr, from Proto-Germanic *niwjaz, from Proto-Indo-European *néwos (“new”). Akin to English new.

• IPA^(key): /nyː/, /nøʏ̯ː/, /nʊi̯ː/
  • (southernmost lects) Rhymes: -ýː, -ýːð
  • (mid-southern lects) Rhymes: -ýː
  • (northern í-ý merger) Rhymes: -ýː, -íː
  • (øy-ý merger) Rhymes: -ýː, -ǿʏ̯ː

17 (neuter singular nytt, plural nyy, definite masculine nyyn, definite feminine nya, definite neuter nyä, definite plural nyän, comparative nyänä, superlative nyäst)

1. new

17

1. new moon

17 (preterite nykktä, supine nykkt)

1. to enjoy
2. to make use of

• Rietz, Johan Ernst, “nykk”, in Svenskt dialektlexikon: ordbok öfver svenska allmogespråket (in Swedish), 1962 edition, Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups Förlag, published 1862–1867, page 469

From ny +‎ land.

• IPA^(key): Template:gmq-bot-pronu-note

17 n

1. Recently cultivated land.

• raning

17

1. neuter singular of ny

17

1. additional

17

1. past participle of nyytt

• IPA^(key): , ,

17

1. just now

• IPA^(key): ,

17 (definite pronominal masculine nyästn, feminine nyästa, neuter nyästä, plural nyästän)

1. superlative degree of ny

From Old Norse nef, from Proto-Germanic *nabją.

• IPA^(key): /ˈnɛːʋ/, /ˈneːʋ/, /ˈneɪ̯ːʋ/

Template:gmq-bot-noun

1. Beak.

   hönʃa vet näve ― the hen dips her beak in water

2. (figuratively, informal) Nose.

• kagernev

From Middle Low German nēgelke(n); cognate to Faroese nelikur, Norwegian nellik, German Nelke.

• IPA^(key): /ˈnɛːlɪk/, /ˈneːlɪk/

  Rhymes: -ɪk

Template:gmq-bot-noun

1. (botany) Carnation.

• nelik

From Old Norse nær, comparative of ná-. Unstressed doublet of ner.

• IPA^(key): ,

17

1. at, by, with, at (someone’s) place

• näst

17

1. adjacent

• IPA^(key):
  • Rhymes: -ɛ́st

From Old Norse næstr, superlative of ná-. Related to ner.

17

1. at, by, with, at (someone’s) place

   Han vistäs näst mäg

   He lives with me.

• när

• lawi

From Old Norse nest n (“provisions”).

17 f or m

1. packed lunch
2. rent in kind in Lappland to priests, sheriffs and stewards, consisting of reindeer roasts and tongues, birds, and squirrel fur

• (packed lunch): nästgäl (“id.”)

• (packed lunch): nästgjera (“to equip with provisions, to put in food bag; to equip”)

• (rents etc): häradshövdinganäst
• (rents etc): fogdenäst

• Rietz, Johan Ernst, “NÄST” and “näst”, in Svenskt dialektlexikon: ordbok öfver svenska allmogespråket (in Swedish), 1962 edition, Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups Förlag, published 1862–1867, page 477 and 465-466

• nak

Uncertain; according to Pokorny, from the same source as Proto-Germanic *hnakkô (“nape of the neck”).

Compare Old Danish nøg (“avaricious”), dialectal Danish nøg (“scant, trifling; weak, fragile”), Helsingian någg (“sickly, poor, weak in work”), Old Norse hnǫggr, hnokinn (“bent down”).

17 (neuter nåkt, comparative nåkänä, superlative nåkäst)

1. Niggardly, barren, providing little resources.

   Ja ha nåkt óm tomä ― I'm short on time.

   Ja´ha´sä nocktôm, ja´få int´tome ― I'm in a hurry so I do not get (have) time (for it)

   Nåkt óm mat’n ― short of food

2. Bad.

   nåk mat, nåk kniv ― bad food, bad knife

   Hä jär nåkt ä slag ― It's of a bad kind.

3. Malicious, disreputable.

   Nåk’n kar ― a bad man

   in nak varels ― a nasty creature

4. Weak, nauseous, sickly.

   Jig jär nåk i dag ― I'm feeling ill today.

   Nåk dill förstånnä ― who has weak intelligence

   Nåkt minn ― bad memory

   Nåk dill hels’n ― sickly

• Rietz, Johan Ernst, “NÅK”, in Svenskt dialektlexikon: ordbok öfver svenska allmogespråket (in Swedish), 1962 edition, Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups Förlag, published 1862–1867, page 475
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) “558-59”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 558-59

• Anna Westerberg (2020 April 1) “Nåk – vår sämsta tid är nu”, in isof.se‎ (in Swedish), Swedish Institute for Language and Folklore, archived from the original on 9 April 2020

• nakes

• IPA^(key): /²noːkɛs/, /²nɒːkɛs/, /²nɑːkɛs/

  Rhymes: -òːkɛs, -ɛs

Like Scanian nága (“to reach”) from Middle Low German nâken, from Proto-Germanic *nēkijaną. Related to Swedish nalkas (from Middle Low German nâleken) and Icelandic nálgast (from náligur.)

17

1. (middle voice, transitive, with accusative or dative) To reach, approach, meet, catch.

   Ji nåkäs int fensträ. ― I can’t reach the window.

   Jä nakäsä nom int. ― I couldn’t reach him.

   Nakes do uti tömlitja? ― Are you able to reach the rein loop?

From nåk (“malicious.”).

17

1. (middle voice, intransitive) Be fake, malicious, scornful.

From Old Norse hvé nær.

• IPA^(key): , , Template:gmq-bot-pronu-note

  Rhymes: -óːr

17

1. when (at what time)

   Nåʃka du kömma å jɑɽp me?

   When are you going to come and help me?

   Ja veit int åʈɑɽe når he var.

   I don't know what year it was.

   Nåʃka je dĭl å trösk?

   When are you going to thresh?

From Old Norse nátt, nǫ́tt, nótt, from Proto-Germanic *nahts.

• IPA^(key): /nɑtː/, /nɒtː/, /nɔtː/, /nɔt/, /nɔːt/

  Rhymes: -ɒ́tː

  (á-o merger) Rhymes: -ɒ́tː, -ótː

17 f (definite singular nåta, definite plural nättren)

1. night

   nåta fyri

   last night

2. end, impossibility

   Hä vadht natta ti fatän

   The plate became empty.

Template:gmq-bot-noun

1. Alternative spelling of nåt (“night.”)

From Old Norse nǫkkurr, from Proto-Norse ne wait ek hwarjar (literally “not know I who”).

• IPA^(key): , , , , Template:gmq-bot-pronu-note

17 m (feminine nægar, neuter næge or næ, plural næ`ger)

1. Some.
2. Any.
3. Somebody, someone, something.
4. Anybody, anyone, anything.

   int næ

   nothing

   å från den stånna vahdt a sinnesschvag, å tahla allär ohlä vä nagom

   and from that moment she became feeble-minded, and never spoke to anyone

• eingen (none, nobody)
• nænnting (something)

• Marklund, Thorsten, 1986, Skelleftemålet: grammatik och ordlista : för lekmän - av lekman , →ISBN, page 43

næ´rrgâng

1. sometime, ever

• IPA^(key): Template:gmq-bot-pronu-note

  Rhymes: -ǿɡd

17

1. Pleased.

• nögder

• liknögd

• Rhymes: -ər

17

1. Alternative form of nögd

Category:Westrobothnian terms suffixed with -r (nominative masculine)

From Old Norse nauðugr.

17 (neuter nöudut)

1. Unwilling, sluggish; disinclined to do anything requested.

   Han var nöudu att gå dill skogs

   He did not want to go to the woods.

• neudu

• nausteg

17 n

1. it is so called, when one has stepped on something sharp without cutting the foot, but squeezed it so that there occurred a blood collection

17 (preterite nössä)

1. (transitive) To lightly touch, bump into very little.

   du nössę uti ę

   you touched it a little

   Ji nössä bara ti ä, å ändå sä fåll ä

   I only touched it lightly, and yet it fell.

• nössäl

17 (preterite & supine nöste)

1. to wind (yarn or string) into a ball

17 n (definite nöste)

1. a ball of yarn

• nöstbain (“yarn winder”)

• bära (“mythological yarn ball creature”)

17 n

1. oil of heated birchbark, used to repair broken porcelain

• næubråta
• nôubråta

17 m (definite singular nȯubrȯtan)

1. layer of ice crust on the ground or road which neither holds nor breaks; too weak to carry anything on but almost too strong to break under one's feet

   hä gjär tongt gå i nȯubrȯtan

   it's hard to walk on the crust, which neither breaks nor carries a man

o- +‎ bo +‎ -en

• IPA^(key): /²ˈuːˌbuːe̞n/

  Rhymes: -ən

17

1. uninhabitable

   Huse jenna he jer alldeles oboen ini

   This here house is completely uninhabitable.

17

1. wasteful

Category:Westrobothnian terms prefixed with o- Category:Westrobothnian terms suffixed with -en

From Old Norse ódjarfr, údjarfr; equivalent to o- +‎ djerv.

17

1. Shy, modest.

o- +‎ duven

17

1. afraid, cowardly

o- (“un-”) +‎ fre (“peace”) +‎ -sam (“-ful”)

17

1. unpeaceful, difficult to peacefully spend time with

o- +‎ frȯijen

• IPA^(key): /²ˈuːˌfrɞɪ̯jen/, /²ˈuːˌfrɒɪ̯jen/, /²ˈuːˌfrɑːjɪn/

17

1. unhappy, unenergetic, drowsy

o- +‎ fäl

17 f

1. calamity, accident

o- +‎ fållin

17

1. Who can not do anything.

17 (neuter ogemaint)

1. extraordinary, unusual, quite big
2. (neuter, as an adverb) unusual, excellent

Category:Westrobothnian terms prefixed with o-

From Old Norse ógjarna, ógjarnan.

17

1. Unwillingly.

o- +‎ go

17 (neuter ogódt)

1. (with dative) Too good, enviable, malicious.

   Hä var int ogódt ’óm

   It was not too good for him.

   he jer eint ogått barnåm såva

   It is the children well-deserved to sleep.

   he vâr eint ogått n

   It served her right.

2. (with preposition)

   hajje darnna jer för ogått at faråm

   The hay is too expensive (fine) for the sheep.

   för ogo at hanomdana

   (She is) too good for him

Used both in good and bad sense.

Compare Old Norse ógurligr, ógnarligr (“afwul, terrible”) uggligr (“to be feared; doubtful, questionable”) and óga (“to terrify.”)

17

1. fear-inducing

• agasam

• Rietz, Johan Ernst, “Ogäsam”, in Svenskt dialektlexikon: ordbok öfver svenska allmogespråket (in Swedish), 1962 edition, Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups Förlag, published 1862–1867, page 2

Category:Westrobothnian terms suffixed with -sam

o- +‎ hvass

• IPA^(key): /²ˈuːˌwasː/ Template:gmq-bot-pronu-note

17

1. blunt, dull

• oslög
• sljö

o- +‎ kok +‎ -en

• IPA^(key): /²ˈuːˌkuːke̞n/

  Rhymes: -ən

17

1. Uncookable.

   Mjalka jer nästan (svet.) okoken borti

   It is near impossible to cook anything in milk.

o- +‎ kräk

Template:gmq-bot-noun

1. Beast of prey, predator.

From Old Norse oxi, uxi, from Proto-Germanic *uhsô, from Proto-Indo-European *uksḗn (“ox, bull.”).

Template:gmq-bot-noun

1. Bull, ox.

• kattoks
• elgoks
• rabb oks

• ko
• naut
• peis

17 m

1. alien, unknown person

Category:Westrobothnian terms prefixed with o-

ol (“word”) +‎ grann (“thin, elegant”)

17

1. Who easily gets angry over a careless word.

Old Norse úlikindi (“improbability,”) úlíkliga (“improbably,”) úlíkligr (“improbable, unlikely,”) úlíkr (“unlike, different”)

17 (preterite olikä)

1. (transitive) To dislike.
2. (transitive) To consider unbelievable, unlikely, unfit; in negative clauses.

   Ji olik ä int

   I do not consider it unbelievable, untrue

• olikli

Category:Westrobothnian terms prefixed with o-

From Old Norse óglíkr, ólíkr, úlíkr, from Proto-Germanic *ungalīkaz; equivalent to o- +‎ lik. Compare English unlike, Dutch ongelijk, Faroese ólíkur, German ungleich, Norwegian Bokmål ulik.

17

1. (with dative) Unlike, different.

   paitjen jer olik moorn

   The boy is different from the mother.

2. (as an adverb)

   he jer olik heh

   it varies

   he jer olik oppa bila

   cars are dissimilar

o- +‎ lik +‎ -t

17

1. unreasonably
2. rather, exceedingly
3. inappropriately

o- +‎ lögom

• IPA^(key):

17

1. Inappropriately.

   Hä va olögom gjodt

   It was inappropriately done

2. Excessively, inordinately, unreasonably.

   Olögom rik

   Excessively rich

• lögom
• olaga
• olagsam

From Old Norse ómagi, úmagi. Cognate with Helsingian umagje. Compare Jamtish ómagug.

17 c

1. A minor, a child.

17

1. Childish, not adult; underage.

• bånomaga
• omagadöm
• omagafor
• omagafol
• omagalundom

Category:Westrobothnian terms prefixed with o-

Template:gmq-bot-noun

1. Childishness, childish state, said of old people who have become like children again, lost memory and thoughtfulness.
2. Nonage.

Template:gmq-bot-decl

• omaga

o- +‎ mak +‎ -sam

17

1. troublesome

o- +‎ minst +‎ -en

17

1. indispensable; absolutely necessary or requisite

17

1. indeed

   Ommä sä var!

   Yes of course it was so!

   Ommä sä jär!

   Of course, yes, it is true!

   Ommä jär ä int sä!

   Indeed, it is not so!

From Old Norse ofn, omn, from Proto-Germanic *ufnaz.

• IPA^(key): , ,

  Rhymes: -ʊ́mn

o´mn m (definine singular o´mn, definite plural ōmnă)

1. oven

• bȯckuomn (“baker's oven”)
• kakehlomn (“tiled stove”)
• tegehlomn (“brick kiln”)
• omsgrövo (“oven rake”)
• omskuru (“oven rake”)
• omsköru (“oven rake”)
• omslakk (“oven door”)
• omstepp (“oven door”)

17

1. nauseous, suffering from nausea

From o- (“un-”) and some cognate to Old Norse mǫguligr (“possible”), from Middle Low German mȫgelîk.

17

1. impossible

Category:Westrobothnian terms prefixed with o-

17

1. Not quite awake; drowsy.

17

1. nasty

17

1. (middle voice, intransitive) To become angry.
2. (middle voice, intransitive, impersonal, of task, attempt) To present trouble, obstacles, preventing it from being solved.

   hä onnäs ― it doesn’t "want to" work

• onn (“angry”)
• hvännäs (“squint, grin”)

From Old Norse upp. Akin to English up.

• IPA^(key): /ʊpː/, /ɔʊpː/ Template:gmq-bot-pronu-note

17

1. (of movement) up (away from earth’s centre)

• oppneå (“upside down”)

From Old Norse uppi.

• IPA^(key): /²ʊpː/, /²ɔʊpː/ Template:gmq-bot-pronu-note

17

1. (of location) up

• oppa
• oppi

Template:gmq-bot-noun

1. Alternative spelling of årmskrøl

17 f

1. worm lizard

• ormsnäl
• ormskröl

Category:gmq-bot:Lizards

17 n (definite oröitje, dative oröitjen)

1. uncleanliness

• IPA^(key): /ˈuːˌrøɪ̯t͡ɕeɳ/

17

1. dative neuter singular of oröitj

• IPA^(key): /ˈuːˌrøɪ̯t͡ɕen/

17

1. uncleanly

17 (neuter osjelljøt)

1. unclear in speech

o- +‎ skyll

17

1. Unrelated.

• nerskylt

o- +‎ skelju

17 (neuter oskeljut)

1. Unclear.

• oskjönnsam

ōskjö´nsăm

1. hard and unfeeling toward others, ungentle, one who untenderly handles someone

   dȯm wara fȧhli oskjönsam wä båna

   They are quite rugged towards their children.

Category:Westrobothnian terms suffixed with -sam

o- +‎ Old Norse stǫðugr, from staðr (“place”).

17

1. unsteady

   ostödu väderläik

   unstable weather

2. weak

   ostödu trå

   weak thread

3. frivolous

   ostödu yngling

   easy-going youth

• Rietz, Johan Ernst, “O-stödu”, in Svenskt dialektlexikon: ordbok öfver svenska allmogespråket (in Swedish), 1962 edition, Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups Förlag, published 1862–1867, page 667

Category:Westrobothnian terms suffixed with -u

17

1. (middle voice, intransitive) To disagree, to disaccord.

o- +‎ -søv

17

1. who has trouble sleeping or who sleeps restlessly

• osyv (“sleepwalker”)

o- (“un”) +‎ tala (“spoken”)

17

1. without agreement

Old Norse þrifnaðr

17 m

1. bad luck with cattle

• otriven
• triven

o- +‎ tröj

17

1. (intransitive) To feel uncomfortable.

From Old Norse otr, from Proto-Germanic *utraz, from Proto-Indo-European *udrós (“water-animal, otter”), from *wed- (“water”).

• IPA^(key): /ʊtːər/, ,

  Rhymes: -ʊ́tər, -ər

17 m

1. otter; a mammal of the family Mustelidae

• otterber

o- +‎ tågg +‎ -en

17

1. impossible or hard to chew

• (Umeå) IPA^(key): /²uːˌtøɖː/
• (Burträsk) IPA^(key): /²uːˌtøːʈ/

17 f (definite otöhdda)

1. Any pain in any limb or, preferably, wound, which comes out of the air or the cold by its immediate action on the injured spot, whereby the wound or injury is difficult to heal; whitlow, knot.

Compare Old Norse úvæginn (“unyielding, headstrong,”) Icelandic óvæginn (“fierce.”)

• (Burträsk) IPA^(key): /²uːˌʋæɪ̯je̞n/

  Rhymes: -ən

17

1. Audacious, daring.

17

1. inevitable
2. immeasurable; immense

17

1. impartial

Category:Westrobothnian terms prefixed with o- Category:Westrobothnian terms suffixed with -u

From Old Norse pallr, of uncertain origin.

Template:gmq-bot-noun

1. Floor in stall or box.

• baspall
• stallpall

• flåor
• gólv

From Middle Low German pak, from Proto-Germanic *pakkô (“bundle, pack,”) whence also English pack.

17 n

1. miscellaneous things

17 (preterite pankä)

1. put together, pack together one’s stuff

paann (“pan”) +‎ åst (“cheese”)

17 m

1. kalvdans

Category:gmq-bot:Foods