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l', but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
l' in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
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Asturian
Etymology 1
Contraction of the masculine article el.
Article
l' m
- (definite) the
Usage notes
- The masculine singular article el contracts to l' before a word beginning with a vowel or h: l'asturianu (the Asturian), l'hermanu (the brother)
Etymology 2
Contraction of the feminine article la.
Article
l' f
- (definite) the
Usage notes
- The feminine singular article la contracts to l' before a word beginning with a or ha: l'asturiana (the Asturian), l'habitación (the habitation)
Catalan
Pronunciation
Article
l' m or f
- Contraction of el: the
- Contraction of la: the
Usage notes
- el is contracted to l' before a vowel or h-.
- l'avi ― the grandfather
- la is contracted to l' before a vowel or h-, except before a following unstressed (h)i- or (h)u-.
- l'àvia ― the grandmother
- l'hora ― the hour
- l'única filla (stressed ⟨u⟩) ― the only daughter
- la ullada (unstressed ⟨u⟩) ― the glance
Pronoun
l'
- Contraction of el.
- Contraction of la.
Usage notes
- l' is the elided (elida) form of the pronoun. It is used before verbs beginning with a vowel. The exceptions regarding the contraction of la mentioned above apply as well.
- L'envejo. ― I envy him/her.
- La interessa. (unstressed ⟨i⟩) ― It interests her.
Declension
Catalan personal pronouns and clitics
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strong/subject
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weak (direct object)
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weak (indirect object)
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possessive
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singular
|
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proclitic
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enclitic
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proclitic
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enclitic
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1st person
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jo, mi3
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em, m’
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-me, ’m
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em, m’
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-me, ’m
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meu
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1st person majestic1
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nós
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ens
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-nos, ’ns
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ens
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-nos, ’ns
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nostre
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2nd person
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tu
|
et, t’
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-te, ’t
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et, t’
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-te, ’t
|
teu
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2nd person formal1
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vós
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us
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-vos, -us
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us
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-vos, -us
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vostre
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2nd person very formal2
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vostè
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el, l’
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-lo, ’l
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li
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-li
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seu
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3rd person masculine
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ell
|
el, l’
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-lo, ’l
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li
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-li
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seu
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3rd person feminine
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ella
|
la, l’4
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-la
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li
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-li
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seu
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3rd person neuter
|
|
ho
|
-ho
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li
|
-li
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seu
|
3rd person reflexive
|
si
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es, s’
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-se, ’s
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es, s’
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-se, ’s
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seu
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plural
|
|
1st person
|
nosaltres
|
ens
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-nos, ’ns
|
ens
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-nos, ’ns
|
nostre
|
2nd person
|
vosaltres
|
us
|
-vos, -us
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us
|
-vos, -us
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vostre
|
2nd person formal2
|
vostès
|
els
|
-los, ’ls
|
els
|
-los, ’ls
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seu
|
3rd person masculine
|
ells
|
els
|
-los, ’ls
|
els
|
-los, ’ls
|
seu
|
3rd person feminine
|
elles
|
les
|
-les
|
els
|
-los, ’ls
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seu
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3rd person reflexive
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si
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es, s’
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-se, ’s
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es, s’
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-se, ’s
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seu
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adverbial
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ablative/genitive
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en, n’
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-ne, ’n
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|
|
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locative
|
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hi
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-hi
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|
|
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1) Behaves grammatically as plural. 2) Behaves grammatically as third person.
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3) Only as object of a preposition. 4) Not before unstressed (h)i-, (h)u-.
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Corsican
Article
l'
- (before a vowel) Apocopic form of u, lu: the
- (before a vowel) Apocopic form of a, la: the
- (before a vowel) Apocopic form of i, li: the
- (before a vowel) Apocopic form of e, le: the
Pronoun
l'
- (before a vowel) Apocopic form of u, lu: him
- (before a vowel) Apocopic form of a, la: her
- (before a vowel) Apocopic form of i, li: them
- (before a vowel) Apocopic form of e, le: them
See also
Corsican personal pronouns
References
Esperanto
Pronunciation
Article
l' (definite)
- (poetic) Apocopic form of la: the
Usage notes
It is used mainly in poetry and lyrics as a tool for enforcing a specific meter or rhythm, although it may at times be used in prose for a poetic stylistic effect.
A space is used after l' (e.g. "de l' mondo", not "de l'mondo"). It is most common after prepositions ending in a vowel, de l' (“of the”) being most common by far.
When possible it is pronounced at the end of the proceeding syllable rather than at the start of the following syllable (e.g. de l' animo (“of the soul”) is pronounced /del aˈni.mo/ rather than /de laˈni.mo/).
Frequent or consistent use of l' can be found as a feature of the ideolects of some people, but this is considered non-standard, and is discouraged by the majority of fluent speakers.
Derived terms
Franco-Provençal
Determiner
l' m or f
- Prevocalic clipping of la
- Prevocalic clipping of lo
Pronoun
l' m or f
- Prevocalic clipping of la
- Prevocalic clipping of lo
French
Pronunciation
Article
l’ m or f (singular, definite)
- (before a vowel or mute h) Apocopic form of le, la: the
- (Quebec, Louisiana, colloquial, after a vowel) Apocopic form of le: the
2002, Jean-François Pauzé (lyrics and music), “La Manifestation”, in Break Syndical:À la manifestation, / on rêvait d’révolution / se gelant l’cul avec une poignée de comparses / sous la pluie froide du mois d’mars- At the demonstration, / we dreamed o' revolution / freezing da asses off with a handful of cronies / in the cold rain of March
Pronoun
l’ m or f (third-person singular)
- (before a vowel or mute h) Apocopic form of le, la: him, her, it
- (Quebec, Louisiana, colloquial, after a vowel) Apocopic form of le: him, it
2002, Jean-François Pauzé, Marie-Annick Lépine (lyrics and music), “Toune d'automne”, in Break Syndical:Icitte y’a papa qui se r’met / fe sa p’tite opération / t’aurais du l’voir, y fakait / fallait l’traiter aux p’tits oignons- Here's Dad recoverin' / doin' his lil operation / you shoulda seen him, he was doin' it / you hadda treat him like a pro
French personal pronouns
- 1 Also used as the first person plural.
- 2 Also used as the polite singular form.
- 3 Also used when a group has both men and women.
- 4 Also used as third person plural reflexive.
Further reading
Friulian
Friulian Definite Articles
|
|
singular
|
plural
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masculine
|
il l'
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i
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feminine
|
la l'
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lis
|
Article
l' m or f (definite)
- (before a vowel) Apocopic form of il, la: the
Haitian Creole
Etymology
Contration of li, from French lui.
Pronoun
l'
- Alternative spelling of l; contraction of li.
Ido
Article
l'
- (before a vowel) Apocopic form of la: the
Italian
Pronunciation
Article
l' m or f (apocopated) (definite)
- (before a vowel) Apocopic form of il/lo, la: the
Pronoun
l' m or f (apocopated)
- (before vowels) Apocopic form of lo, la: him, her, it
Usage notes
- Optionally elides before a vowel, especially before ho and ha: l'ho, l'ha. Elision before other verbs beginning with a stressed vowel is less common: lo era instead of l'era, lo è instead of l'è.
See also
Italian personal pronouns
Number
|
Person
|
Gender
|
Nominative
|
Reflexive
|
Accusative
|
Dative
|
Combined
|
Disjunctive
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Locative
|
Partitive
|
Singular |
first |
—
|
io |
mi, m', -mi
|
me
|
me
|
—
|
second |
—
|
tu |
ti, t', -ti
|
te
|
te
|
third |
m
|
lui |
si2, s', -si |
lo, l', -lo |
gli, -gli
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glie, se2
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lui, sé
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ci, c', vi, v' (formal)
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ne, n'
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f
|
lei, Lei1 |
la, La1, l', L'1, -la, -La1 |
le3, Le1, -le3, -Le1
|
lei, Lei1, sé
|
Plural |
first |
—
|
noi |
ci, c', -ci
|
ce
|
noi
|
—
|
second |
—
|
voi, Voi4 |
vi, Vi4, v', V'4, -vi, -Vi4
|
ve
|
voi, Voi4
|
third |
m
|
loro, Loro1 |
si, s', -si |
li, Li1, -li, -Li1 |
gli, -gli, loro (formal), Loro1
|
glie, se
|
loro, Loro1, sé
|
ci, c', vi, v' (formal)
|
ne, n'
|
f
|
le, Le1, -le, -Le1
|
1 |
Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead.
|
2 |
Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive.
|
3 |
Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language.
|
4 |
Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous).
|
Ladin
Article
l' f (singular)
- (before a vowel) Apocopic form of la: the
See also
Leonese
Etymology 1
Contraction of the masculine article el.
Article
l' m sg
- Apocopic form of el: the
Usage notes
- The masculine singular article el contracts to l' before a word beginning with a vowel or h.
Etymology 2
Contraction of the feminine article la.
Article
l' f sg
- Apocopic form of la: the
Usage notes
- The feminine singular article la contracts to l' before a word beginning with a or ha.
Ligurian
Article
l' m sg (definite)
- (before a vowel) the (+ a masculine name in the singular)
Middle French
Article
l'
- elided form of le, la: the
Usage notes
- Earlier manuscripts omit the apostrophe
- lame ― the soul
Neapolitan
Etymology
From Latin ille, illa.
Particle
l' m and f (singular and plural definite)
- (before a vowel) Apocopic form of 'o, 'a: the
Old French
Article
l'
- (before a vowel sound) Apocopic form of la/le: the
Usage notes
- Original manuscripts omit the apostrophe
- lame ― the soul
Romagnol
Article
l' m (before a vowel)
- the
Sassarese
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /l‿/, (after a word ending in a vowel) /r‿/
Article
l'
Sassarese definite articles
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
masculine
|
lu/l'
|
li/l'
|
feminine
|
la/l'
|
- Apocopic form of lu
- Apocopic form of la
- Apocopic form of li
Pronoun
l'
- Apocopic form of lu
- Apocopic form of la
- Apocopic form of li
Usage notes
- Used before a vowel sound.