See Wiktionary:Todo/Westrobothnian cleanup for more information.

Extension of Old Norse engi (“no, none, no one,”) whence also ingen (“no one”)

12

1. not at all

   der hann ingera viist

   suddenly, when he least expected

12

1. Secret, hidden.

12

1. Reticent.
2. Secretive.

   Söstra jär inmörd

   Sister is secretive.

• lön
• mörd

12

1. Alternative spelling of int’ ann

int’ +‎ ânne +‎ en

int’ ann

1. rather, fairly, not so little, pretty

   Han jär int’ ann fliti

   He is well diligent.

   Hä jär int’ ann kallt

   It is rather cold.

   Ji jär int’ ann krank

   I am somewhat nauseous.

Used as attachment to adjectives to slightly raise the meaning.

• entan
• int an

• brano
• nona

is +‎ nööt

12 (preterite is-nött)

1. (fishing) To pull an ice-seine, whereby fish are caught under the ice.

Template:gmq-bot-noun

1. Undercooled rain.

• iisk
• isskes

12

1. (transitive) to “wax” sledge runners in cold with water, thereby forming a layer of ice, so that the sledge may slide more easily

• isbark

• eta

From Old Norse eta, from Proto-Germanic *etaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ed-. Compare jäta and getu.

• IPA^(key): , , ,

  Rhymes: -èːtɐ, -ɪ̀ːtɐ, -ɪ̀tːɐ

12 (preterite at or åt, supine iti or ite)

1. to eat

   ita e snååln

   to eat in stinginess, to overeat when offered food

   he man it ini gröyta, fa man ånt isa fäte

what you eat from the cooking pot you won't have on your plate

• fö sä
• få sä na ine monn
• få na under tanna

• atahl
• åt
• äjnetan
• etanes
• etu
• getu
• jäta
• storetan

12 (definite jare, dative jaren)

1. The year’s yield, or similar.

   eta borti jaren

   to eat from the year’s harvest

• arsens

12 (preterite jaskä)

1. Do something in a hurry and without deliberation.

   Han jaskä dill å giftä säg

   He married in haste.

2. Acquire, get something by chance.

   Han jaskä säg nalta dill bästn

   He managed to get the best one.

From Middle Low German jacht. Cognate with Jamtish jakte, Ostrobothnian jagt (pret. jagta.)

12 (preterite jagtä)

1. (intransitive) To hunt, to go around or walk around hunting.

• ilak
• jälak

• IPA^(key): /²jaːɽɐk/, /²jɑːɽɐk/

12

1. angry
2. evil

From Old Norse jamn, from Proto-Germanic *ebnaz. Compare Faroese javnur, Norwegian jevn, jamn, Swedish jämn, Danish jævn, English even, Dutch even, effen, German eben.

• IPA^(key): , , ,

  Rhymes: -ɑ́mn, -ámn

• (neuter): IPA^(key): , ,

  Rhymes: -ɑ́mt, -ámt

• (plural): IPA^(key): , , ,

  Rhymes: -ɑ̀mn, -àmn

12

1. even

• jamt å samt

• jamne
• jank

From Old Norse jafna.

• IPA^(key): , , ,

  Rhymes: -ɑ̀mn, -àmn

12

1. even

From Old Norse jafni. Cognate to Norwegian jamne.

12 m

1. (botany) Diphasiastrum complanatum

Category:gmq-bot:Mosses

• IPA^(key): /ˈjam̥t/, /ˈjam̥t/, /ˈjɛm̥t/, /ˈjæm̥t/

  Rhymes: -ɑ́mt, -ámt

12

1. neuter singular of jamn

12

1. constantly

A k-derivative of jamn (“even.”)

• IPA^(key): /²jɑŋk/, /²jɒŋk/, /²jæŋk/

  Rhymes: -ɒ̀ŋk, -àŋk

  Homophone: Janck

12

1. adjust, e.g. to smoothen out or cut evenly

12 (preterite jargä)

1. (transitive) To chew on something tough.

From Old Norse járn, from Proto-Germanic *īsarną, whence also Old English īsern and Old High German isarn. Probably from a Proto-Celtic root.

12 n (definite singular jarnä, plural jarn, definite jarna)

1. (uncountable) iron
2. something (typically a tool or somesuch) made of iron

• (tool made of iron) rätkjjarn

12 n

1. definite plural of jarn

• järt

From Old Norse jórtr. Compare Norwegian jort.

12 m

1. rumination
2. cud

   Kon ha mistä jarten

   The cow has lost its cud.

From earlier hiarta, hiermta, from Old Norse jórtra. Cognate with Norwegian jorta, ørta.

12 (preterite jartä)

1. (transitive, intransitive) ruminate, cud

• i, ji, jä, gje

From Old Norse ér, from a variant of Proto-Germanic *jūz, from Proto-Indo-European *yū́.

• IPA^(key): , ,

12 c pl (accusative je, dative jerom, possessive masculine jeern, feminine jera, neuter jere)

1. (personal) you (second person plural)

   gev e ått fåren jere

   give it to that sheep of yours

   annäjerä

   either of you

2. (formal) you

Template:gmq-bot-decl-ppron

• jääkkst

12 (preterite jekkste)

1. jump, bump

• jekkst m (“a bump, knock”)

From Old Norse *lésa, contracted from *lemsa, *limsa, derived from láss, *lamsaz (“lock”) (whence Westrobothnian lås, las).

12 (preterite jeest, supine jesst, imperative jes, plural jesen)

1. To lock.

Derived from Old Norse jaki (“piece of ice etc.”), from Proto-Germanic *jekô, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁yeg-.

12

1. To freeze for the first time (ice.)

• isickehl

12

1. present plural of vera

12

1. First person singular pronoun; I (plural ve).

From Old Norse jǫrð, from Proto-Germanic *erþō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁er-. Akin to English earth.

• IPA^(key): /juːɽ/, /jouːɽ/

  Rhymes: -úːɽ

12 f (definite singular jola, dative joln)

1. earth, soil, ground
2. grave

   Far’n skal dill joln åt helgän

   The father will be buried next Sunday.

• bärjol
• jolbann
• jolber
• jolklotr
• jolmån
• skenjol

From Old Norse jarða and the above noun.

• IPA^(key): /²juːɽ/, /²jouːɽ/

  Rhymes: -ùːɽ

12

1. to bury

jol +‎ klotr

12 n

1. The globe, the Earth.

Template:gmq-bot-decl-sg

Cognate with Nord-Trøndelag Norwegian njøsminne, nøsminne, jøsminne (also jøsmynt f, jøsmye), from Old Norse njótsminni (“a cup drunk by customers after striking a bargain”), from njótr (“an enjoyer, user, owner, possessor”).

12 n

1. Alternative form of juckswin

• jucksmin
• jusmän

12 n

1. The brandy or other beverage products that are provided after completing a major or significant trade or exchange, such as home purchases, horse trades etc.

From Old Norse júr, júgr, from Proto-Germanic *euduraz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ewHdʰ-r̥- (“udder”). Compare Gutnish jaur.

• IPA^(key): /ˈjʉːr/, ,

  Rhymes: -ʉ́ːr, -jʉ́ːr

12 n

1. an udder (part of domestic milk-giving animal that expresses milk)

Category:gmq-bot:Anatomy

From Old Norse jarma.

12

1. lament, wail

• järmesam

Ultimately from gejt (“goat”) +‎ sko (“shoe.”)

Template:gmq-bot-noun

1. (botany) Any of the genus Polypodium of ferns.

• jetta

Like the standard word eta, ita (“to eat”) and the Icelandic éta (with the same meaning as below) from Old Norse eta, from Proto-Germanic *etaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ed-.

• IPA^(key): , ,

  Rhymes: -ɛ̀tːɐ, -ɛ̀ːtɐ

12 (preterite jät, supine jäti or jiti)

1. (transitive, intransitive, governs the accusative, of an animal) to eat
2. (transitive, intransitive, governs the accusative, derogatory, of a person) to eat

• ita (“to eat”)

• jeip
• jep
• jäp

From Old Norse geipa.

12

1. to (stubbornly and persistently) blame, quarrel, chivy, argue

12

1. Yes.

• hjo
• ja
• jo

• år
• âr
• ar

From Old Norse ár (“year”), from Proto-Germanic *jērą, from Proto-Indo-European *yeh₁r-. Cognates include: Dutch jaar and Afrikaans jaar, English year, German Jahr, Danish, Norwegian and Swedish år.

• IPA^(key): , Template:gmq-bot-pronu-note

  Rhymes: -óːr

12 n (definite singular jårä, dative jåren, definite plural jåra)

1. Year.

   Bjärka lȯjp bra i jår.

   The birch gives much sap this year.

• jaar

12

1. to blither as a little child

From Old Norse hjallr, hjall m (“elevation; scaffold; hut.”).

12 m (definite jęlln, dative jęllåm)

1. A built structure, buck or the like, under cows, which can not use their legs.

• jälld f

12 (preterite kakkä)

1. (transitive) beat, cut into small pieces

• kjaatt

• IPA^(key):

  Rhymes: -àtː, -æ̀tː

12 f

1. cat; Felis catus
2. female cat

• rall-katt

• gjekȧtt
• kattkall
• kattgåbb
• kattoks

12

1. to fire someone

Category:gmq-bot:Cats Category:gmq-bot:Felids

12 m

1. A stand where yarn is warped.

• kabbstol

12 (preterite kabbä)

1. (transitive) To warp yarn for weaving.

12 (preterite kabbä)

1. (transitive) To cut off.

12 m

1. A short log end; wooden cube used as base for splitting wood.
2. A seat, chair (consisting of a log.)

• håggkabb

• IPA^(key): /kɑ́kn/, /kɑ́ke̞n/, /kǽke̞n/ Template:gmq-bot-pronu-note

12 n

1. The first hair or fluff or lanugo on a baby.
2. Any fluff in general.

12

1. to stagger

• bjega
• raga
• rangäl
• rega
• vangäl

• kagär

Frequentative of kaga.

12 (preterite kagrä)

1. (intransitive) to shake

• kagärhändt
• kagärlånnom
• kagernev

From Old Norse kǫngulváfa f, kǫngurváfa f, kǫnguló f. Compare Norwegian kongro, Icelandic köngurvofa, könguló, kónguló (“spider”), Faroese kongurvág (“spiderweb”), Finnish kankuri (“weaver”), kangas (“fabric”).

12 m

1. spider (arthropod)

• kangero m
• kangerövel m
• kangęlrøvęl m
• kångerövel m
• kängro m
• kangraot m
• kangerot m
• kranghövel m

• kangerogiller n
• kangronät n
• kangroväv m
• kranghövelnät n

Category:gmq-bot:Arthropods

12 (preterite & supine kanglä)

1. (intransitive) To do a job badly, do one thing several times without it being well done.
2. (intransitive, with another verb,linked through òg (“and”)) To do something with effort.
3. (intransitive) To wobble, walk with much difficulty; e.g. after illness such as one recovering.

   Han a vodhtä sä mått dill säg nu, att’n ändteligen jär sä kangäl säg frå sängja dill spisom

   he has now become so improved that he can finally wobble from the bed to the stove

4. (intransitive) To dangle, hang by.

• IPA^(key): /kɒŋk/

12 m

1. A cock, a male bird; used to find drowned people.
2. (card games, humorous) A king.

• (male bird): hahna

From Swedish mjölkkantor (“milk cabinet”), obsolete form of mjölkkontor, from obsolete kantor corresponding to modern kontor (“office; building or room”), from Middle Low German kantôr, kontôr, komtôr, komptor (“commercial branch; writing room; counting desk/table”), from Middle Dutch cantoor, contoor, contoir, comptoir, from Middle French contoir, comptoir, from conter, compter (“to count”) + -oir (“instrument sufffix”) calquing earlier Medieval Latin computōrium.

• IPA^(key): /²ˈkɑnːˌtuːɾ/, /²ˈkɒnːˌtuːɾ/

12 n

1. A milk cabinet for the storage of milk trays.

• (Bygdeå) IPA^(key): /käns/

12

1. Cheerful, lively, brisk.

12 n

1. competitive (Kampf) hewing (hågg)

From Old Norse karmr (“breast-work, parapet”), related to Old Norse kjarr (“copsewood, brush-wood, thicket”), from the same Indo-European root as Ancient Greek γέρρον (gérrhon, “anything made of wicker-work”).

12 m

1. backrest (of chairs, sofas, sleds etc.)

• bakvāl

12

1. (middle voice, intransitive, reciprocal) To wrestle, pull each other’s hair; said of boys.

• IPA^(key): /kjæʂː/

12 m

1. small box, box of birch bark, net or tows (fine tree roots) to carry fish in
2. bag

• fiskkars (“mesh bag for fish”)
• smörkars (“butter dish”)
• strömmingskars (“bag of nets or birch bark to carry herring”)

From Old Norse kátr.

• IPA^(key): /koːt/, /kɒːt/, /kɑːt/

  Rhymes: -óːt

12 m (definite katn, dative katåm)

1. the first slice of a loaf

12 (plural kaat)

1. lively, frisky

• kaat f (“friskiness, playfulness”)

Compare Old Norse kaf loðinn "toto corpore hirsutus".

12

1. completely, a lot

   Hä jär kav allt

   It is completely gone.

   Kav mört

   Dark as night.

• kava
• kåvn

• Rietz, Johan Ernst, “kav”, in Svenskt dialektlexikon: ordbok öfver svenska allmogespråket (in Swedish), 1962 edition, Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups Förlag, published 1862–1867, page 315

From Old Norse kemba, from Proto-Germanic *kambijaną; related to kamb.

• Rhymes: -èmː, -ɛ̀mː

12 (preterite kemmä)

1. (transitive) to comb

• käämm

• tjeka

12 (preterite & supine keka)

1. (transitive, intransitive) To chew something very tough.
2. To incessantly, continuously work with something; continually moan, whine, ask for something; quarrel long about the same thing.

   Han keka sä läng vä mäg, sä ji gatt få ’om ä i lykkt’n

   He bothered me for so long, that I finally had to give it to him.

   Han keka vä di hele vekun

   He worked all week with it.

   Han keka i dy hele da’n

   He argued all day about it.

3. To slowly pull oneself forward; walk slowly, drive slowly.

   Hästen keka fot om fot i oföre

   The horse walked slowly, foot by foot, in the bad going.

• kekal
• kekallónnom

• kikkel
• tjåk

12

1. Emasculate, weakly.

12 (preterite & supine kesa)

1. (intransitive) To step.
2. (intransitive) To pull oneself forth.

12 (preterite keta)

1. (transitive) tickle

• klor

From Old Norse kið.

12 f

1. female kid (young goat)

Category:gmq-bot:Baby animals Category:gmq-bot:Goats

From Old Norse kjǫlr, related to kjalk.

• IPA^(key): , , Template:gmq-bot-pronu-note

12 m

1. keel
2. highland region or mountain ridge, often overgrown with forest

• haḷvtjaḷing

Category:gmq-bot:Geography

From Old Norse kjalki, related to kjal.

• IPA^(key): Template:gmq-bot-pronu-note

12 m

1. sledge, sled

• ättakjalk

• Rietz, Johan Ernst, “kjalk”, in Svenskt dialektlexikon: ordbok öfver svenska allmogespråket (in Swedish), 1962 edition, Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups Förlag, published 1862–1867, page 322

Category:gmq-bot:Vehicles

• IPA^(key): /kjaːr/, /kjæːr/, /kjeːr/

  Rhymes: -áːr, -ǽːr

From Proto-Germanic *karaz.

12 m (definite singular kjarn, plural kåra, definite plural kåran)

1. man
2. husband

From Old Norse ker, from Proto-Germanic *kazą.

12 n (definite singular kjare, plural kjar, definite plural kjara)

1. tub

• kjaars
• kars

• kjeva

12 (preterite & supine kjava)

1. run, trot

   kjava ti snön

   to run, trot in snow

2. tramp, tread (e.g.: clay)

From Old Norse kæsir.

• IPA^(key):
• Rhymes: -èːs

12 m (definite singular kjesn)

1. rennet

12 f (definite singular kjägla)

1. conifer cone

• grankjägäl
• tållkjägäl

From Old Norse kenna, from Proto-Germanic *kannijaną.

12 (preterite kjänt or tjöönd or tjeet)

1. To feel.
   • 1804, Stenberg, Pehr, Ordbok över umemålet, Widmark, Gusten, pages 163:

     kjän åt gjohl ä gȯdt

     How does it feel?

2. To know, be knowledgeable about something.

   en lillaksel hall på tjänn abbeste ― Little Axel is starting to know the alphabet.

3. To know someone.

   kän du nȧ ’n Lȧrs slinkȯmfot? ― Do you know Lars the lame well?

4. (with particle) To recognise someone.

   tjänn do ånt at me? ― Don’t you recognise me?

• tjännfalk
• tjännespak

From Old Norse kofan, kofarn.

12 n (definite singular kjöfwannä, definite plural kjöfwanna)

1. lapdog, pug

• kjövan, kjevan, kjivan, tjävanheond

• tjäva

12 f or n

1. bundle, containing various things; unordered collection of something

• kylls

• kjöllär
• kyyls

From Old Norse tjǫrr, from Proto-Germanic *terwaz.

• IPA^(key): , Template:gmq-bot-pronu-note

  Rhymes: -ǿːr, -jǿːr

kjö´r m (definite singular kjö´rn)

1. wood in crooked trees, which are on their curved side, which always have thick sap streaks but are hard and brittle, and not easy to bend; wanted for things such as skids, skis, wooden spoons etc.

• kjȫrsta´ng (“sleigh skid or runner made of such wood”)
• verjtjör

• IPA^(key): , Template:gmq-bot-pronu-note

  Rhymes: -ø̀ːr

kjȫr (preterite kjȱhl, supine kjȯ´ht)

1. to drive

In any case from Proto-West Germanic *kirikā, borrowed from Koine Greek κυριακὸν (kuriakòn), but without the palatalisation or insertion or metathesis of /i/ as otherwise seen in Old English cirice, English church, Old Norse kirkja, kyrkja, Old Swedish kyrkia, Old Danish kyrkiæ, Jamtish kyrkje, and instead rather derived from something like Old Danish kirkæ, Middle Low German kirke.

• IPA^(key): ,

  Rhymes: -ɞ́rk, -ɞ̀rk

12 f

1. church

• körk
• tjöörk

• körkstugu
• körkvist
• tjörkgrobb (“grave”)
• tjörkgobb (“priest”)

12 (preterite klankä)

1. (transitive, intransitive) blame, complain, whine, wail

12 (preterite klankä)

1. to heel

• klank

12

1. Alternative form of glakk

12 m (definite klankjen)

1. bump, bump on log
2. shoe heel

• klaank
• klanku

Category:gmq-bot:Footwear

• klatter

12 n

1. bad, sloppy, badly joined, unsuccessful work
2. trouble, hassle

• klateraktit
• klatersam
• klatersamt
• klatär
• klatter-verk
• klattrar
• klattär

• klöuv
• klöyv
• klæiv
• kḷäo

From Old Norse klauf.

12 f

1. cloven hoof
2. long and wide groove in wood

• lagklöyv (“dewclaw”)
• tsviklöuvä (“bi-cloven”)

Derived from Old Norse klæðin, plural of klæði.

• (rare) IPA^(key):
• IPA^(key): , , , ,

  Rhymes: -ɛ̀ːðɐ, -èːðɐ

  (ð-r merger) Rhymes: -èːðɐ, -èːrɐ

12 n pl

1. clothes

   törk kleda

   to dry clothes

2. definite plural of kleed

• kleed (“cloth”)
• klening (“dress; suit”)
• kleskleda (“formalwear”)
• trȯij (“sweater, jacket”)

• IPA^(key):

  Rhymes: -èːnɪŋ

Derived from Old Norse klæða.

12 f (definite singular kleninga)

1. A suit, a dress.

   ja ska lätta jöra n oll n klening

   I shall have a suit made for Oll.

• kleed (“cloth”)
• kleda (“clothes”)
• kleskleda (“formalwear”)
• trȯij (“sweater, jacket”)

Compare Old Norse klíningr (“over-smearing,”) Norwegian klining (“(open) sandwich.”)

12 m (definite singular kleningjen)

1. An open sandwich or sandwich.
2. A round piece of butter (with thumbprint.)

From Old Norse klína; related to kleim.

12

1. To smear (butter on bread.)

• (Överkalix) IPA^(key): /kɽɛɪ̯ŋɡer/

12 f

1. kringle

Category:gmq-bot:Breads Category:gmq-bot:Foods

12 (preterite klingrä)

1. (ergative) tumble, roll; fall over, tumble down

   tunna klinger utfȯr backen

   the barrel rolls down the hill

   klingär i kull

   to fall over

• krill

• klinger (“kringle”)
• klingerlett (“round-faced”)

12

1. burst, break apart

   ȯm int nȧnting klipper sä no går ä

   Unless anything breaks, it will probably happen.

12 m (nominative & accusative definite singular klit’n)

1. A brisk, nimble, clever fellow.

   Hä var klit’n dill kar

   That was certainly a good fellow.

2. A cunning, wily person.

12 n (nominative & accusative definite singular klitä)

1. A piece of chalk.

• klithaus

From Old Norse kló, from Proto-Germanic *klawō.

• IPA^(key): /kʰɽuː/, /kʰɽouː/, /kʰɽɒuː/

  Rhymes: -úː

12 f (definite klon, plural klo, definite klorn)

1. claw
2. talon

• Rhymes: -ər

12 (preterite klongrä)

1. (intransitive) To drag with toil and in poverty.
2. (intransitive) To be in motion, albeit slowly and weakly, in terms of infirmity.
3. (intransitive) To burn weakly; of fire.

From Old Norse klót n, from Middle Low German klōt m, just like Dutch kloot, German Kloß and English cleat from Proto-Germanic *klautaz. Compare klotär.

• IPA^(key): ,
  • Rhymes: -úːtər, -ər

12 n (definite singular kloträ)

1. A large, solid ball, a sphere, a globe.

• böll

• jolklotr

• klotär

From Old Norse klót n, from Middle Low German klōt m, just like Dutch kloot, German Kloß and English cleat from Proto-Germanic *klautaz. Compare klotr.

• IPA^(key): ,

  Rhymes: -ùːtər, -ər

12 f (definite singular klotra)

1. A cone in any sort of bowling game.

12 (preterite kloträ)

1. To throw or knock over cones in some type of bowling game.

• kloterbóll (“bowling ball”)

12 n pl

1. Alternative spelling of kleda

   Han kvakklä bódht all sin kläa

   He managed to lose all his clothes.

12 m

1. Child.

12 m

1. Elevation, hill.
2. Part of a town that is high and separated from the main town.

• (elevation, hill) bergkläpp

12 (preterite klåbbä)

1. (intransitive) To stick to, adhere to.

   Hä klåbbä unnär hästfotom

   It got sticky under the horse foot.

Compare Old Norse klápr (“crude vessel or utensil,”) Swedish klåpare (“dilettante.”)

12 n

1. A wretch who can not do anything; bungler.

12 m

1. A knoll, elevation in the terrain.

• knaus
• knigs

Template:gmq-bot-noun

1. The lard or grease cooked out of cow, sheep, and goat hooves and bones (cf. neatsfoot.)

• IPA^(key): /²kɽɞːsʉ/, Template:gmq-bot-pronu-note

  Rhymes: -ɞ̀sɵ

  Homophone: klȯsu

12 f

1. A cumbersome and persistent woman.

Template:gmq-bot-decl

• klöttär

From Latin creatura. Compare Norwegian krøtter, krøter, Elfdalian krytyr, Nilandian kriand.

Template:gmq-bot-noun

1. Livestock, especially cattle, horned livestock, cows.

Template:gmq-bot-decl

• storfelas klöttra (“cattle”)

From Old Norse klyf.

12 f (definite nominative & accusative singular klövja)

1. A split or two-piece burden on horse; burden on horseback, divided into two equal parts to the sides.

From Old Norse klyfja.

12 (preterite klövjä)

1. To carry goods on horseback, in lack of road for vehicles.

12 (preterite klöjä or klidd)

1. (intransitive) To itch.

Likely cognate with Swedish krasslig.

• IPA^(key): /²kɽɞːsʉ/, Template:gmq-bot-pronu-note

  Rhymes: -ɞ̀sɵ

  Homophone: klösu

12

1. Frail, weak, bad, miserable, all in the sense of health.

   Jag gjär entan fȧhli klȯsu

   I’m probably very frail and sick.