sí

See also: Appendix:Variations of "si"

Asturian

Etymology

From Latin sīc.

Particle

sí

yes (word used to indicate agreement or acceptance)

Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Latin sīc.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencian)
Audio (file)
Rhymes: -i
Homophone: si

Particle

sí

yes (affirmation; commonly used to respond affirmatively to a question)
Synonym: hoc

Adverb

sí

the opposite of 'not'
Synonym: hoc

No parles català? – Sí parlo català!
Do you not speak Catalan? – I do speak Catalan!

Usage notes

Sí is used to add positive emphasis to the verb, much like the auxiliary do in affirmative sentences in English. It generally contrasts with a previous no, and is placed in the same location within the sentence. This is a usage the word shares with Spanish.

Antonyms

no

Fala

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈsi/

Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese si (“yes”), from Latin sīc (“thus, so”), from Proto-Indo-European *so (“this, that”).

Adverb

sí

yes

Etymology 2

From Old Galician-Portuguese si, from Latin sibi, from Proto-Indo-European *sébʰye.

Pronoun

sí

Reflexive prepositional pronoun; oneself, himself, herself, itself, themselves, yourself; each other, one another

References

Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎, 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN

Faroese

Verb

sí

imperative of síggja: behold

Hokkien

For pronunciation and definitions of sí – see 死 (“to die; inactive; etc.”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 死).

For pronunciation and definitions of sí – see 始 (“beginning; start; to begin; to start; etc.”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 始).

For pronunciation and definitions of sí – see 豕 (“pig; boar”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 豕).

For pronunciation and definitions of sí – see 矢 (“arrow; to vow; to swear; etc.”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 矢).

Hungarian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key):
Audio (file)
Rhymes: -ʃiː

Etymology 1

Borrowed from German Schi (“ski”), originally from Norwegian ski (“ski”).

Noun

sí (plural sík)

ski

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	sí	sík
accusative	sít	síket
dative	sínek	síknek
instrumental	sível	síkkel
causal-final	síért	síkért
translative	sívé	síkké
terminative	síig	síkig
essive-formal	síként	síkként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	síben	síkben
superessive	sín	síken
adessive	sínél	síknél
illative	síbe	síkbe
sublative	síre	síkre
allative	síhez	síkhez
elative	síből	síkből
delative	síről	síkről
ablative	sítől	síktől
non-attributive possessive - singular	síé	síké
non-attributive possessive - plural	síéi	síkéi

Possessive forms of sí
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	sím	síjeim
2nd person sing.	síd	síjeid
3rd person sing.	síje	síjei
1st person plural	sínk	síjeink
2nd person plural	sítek	síjeitek
3rd person plural	síjük	síjeik

Derived terms

síel

Compound words

Etymology 2

An onomatopoeia (sound imitation).

Verb

sí

(archaic) to howl, cry, whiz, shriek, screech, shrill
Synonyms: sivít, visít, sikít, vijjog, rikolt, sikolt, süvít

Conjugation

conjugation of sí

Other forms	Verbal noun		Present part.	Past part.	Future part.	Adverbial participle		Causative
Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indicative mood	Present	Indef.	sívok	sísz	sí	sívunk	sítok	sínak
		Def.	sívom	sívod	síja	síjuk	síjátok	síják
		2nd-p. o.	sílak	―
	Past	Indef.	síttam	síttál	sítt	síttunk	síttatok	síttak
		Def.	síttam	síttad	sítta	síttuk	síttátok	sítták
		2nd-p. o.	síttalak	―
	Future		Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. síni fog.
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	sívék	sívál	síva	sívánk	sívátok	sívának
		Def.	sívám	sívád	sívá	sívánk	sívátok	sívák
		2nd-p. o.	síválak	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. sí vala, sítt vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	sívandok	sívandasz	sívand	sívandunk	sívandotok	sívandanak
		Def.	sívandom	sívandod	sívandja	sívandjuk	sívandjátok	sívandják
		2nd-p. o.	sívandalak	―
Conditional mood	Present	Indef.	sínék	sínál	sína	sínánk	sínátok	sínának
		Def.	sínám	sínád	síná	sínánk (or sínók)	sínátok	sínák
		2nd-p. o.	sínálak	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. sítt volna
Subjunctive mood	Present	Indef.	síjak	síj or síjál	síjon	síjunk	síjatok	síjanak
		Def.	síjam	sídd or síjad	síja	síjuk	síjátok	síják
		2nd-p. o.	síjalak	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. sítt légyen
Infinitive	síni		sínom	sínod	sínia	sínunk	sínotok	síniuk
Other forms	sívás		sívó	sítt	sívandó	síva (síván)
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs).

potential conjugation of sí

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indicative mood	Present	Indef.	síhatok	síhatsz	síhat	síhatunk	síhattok	síhatnak
		Def.	síhatom	síhatod	síhatja	síhatjuk	síhatjátok	síhatják
		2nd-p. o.	síhatlak	―
	Past	Indef.	síhattam	síhattál	síhatott	síhattunk	síhattatok	síhattak
		Def.	síhattam	síhattad	síhatta	síhattuk	síhattátok	síhatták
		2nd-p. o.	síhattalak	―
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	síhaték	síhatál	síhata	síhatánk	síhatátok	síhatának
		Def.	síhatám	síhatád	síhatá	síhatánk	síhatátok	síhaták
		2nd-p. o.	síhatálak	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. síhat vala, síhatott vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	síhatandok or sívandhatok	síhatandasz or sívandhatsz	síhatand or sívandhat	síhatandunk or sívandhatunk	síhatandotok or sívandhattok	síhatandanak or sívandhatnak
		Def.	síhatandom or sívandhatom	síhatandod or sívandhatod	síhatandja or sívandhatja	síhatandjuk or sívandhatjuk	síhatandjátok or sívandhatjátok	síhatandják or sívandhatják
		2nd-p. o.	síhatandalak or sívandhatlak	―
Conditional mood	Present	Indef.	síhatnék	síhatnál	síhatna	síhatnánk	síhatnátok	síhatnának
		Def.	síhatnám	síhatnád	síhatná	síhatnánk (or síhatnók)	síhatnátok	síhatnák
		2nd-p. o.	síhatnálak	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. síhatott volna
Subjunctive mood	Present	Indef.	síhassak	síhass or síhassál	síhasson	síhassunk	síhassatok	síhassanak
		Def.	síhassam	síhasd or síhassad	síhassa	síhassuk	síhassátok	síhassák
		2nd-p. o.	síhassalak	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. síhatott légyen
Inf.	(síhatni)		(síhatnom)	(síhatnod)	(síhatnia)	(síhatnunk)	(síhatnotok)	(síhatniuk)
Positive adjective			síható	Neg. adj.	síhatatlan	Adv. part.	(síhatva / síhatván)

Derived terms

Related terms

sír

References

^ sí in Czuczor, Gergely and János Fogarasi: A magyar nyelv szótára (’A Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Pest: Emich Gusztáv Magyar Akadémiai Nyomdász, 1862–1874.

Icelandic

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /siː/
Rhymes: -iː

Adverb

sí

always

Synonyms

alltaf, ávallt, sífelllt, æ, ætíð

Derived terms

sí og æ (“always, permanently, continually”)

Irish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʃiː/

Etymology 1

From Middle Irish side, from Old Irish síd, from Proto-Celtic *sīdos (“mound (inhabited by fairies); peace”), from Proto-Indo-European *sēds, from *sed- (“to sit”). Doublet of síth.

Alternative forms

sidhe, síodh (superseded)

Noun

sí m (genitive singular sí, nominative plural síthe)

fairy mound, tumulus

Declension

Declension of sí

Fourth declension

Bare forms

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	sí	síthe
Vocative	a shí	a shíthe
Genitive	sí	síthe
Dative	sí	síthe

Forms with the definite article

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	an sí	na síthe
Genitive	an tsí	na síthe
Dative	leis an sí don sí	leis na síthe

Derived terms

aos sí (“fairies”)
bean sí (“banshee, fairy woman”)
ceol sí (“fairy music; enchanting music”)
dumha sí (“fairy mound”)
leannán sí (“phantom lover”)
long sí (“phantom ship”)
sián (“fairy mound”)
síbhean (“fairy woman”)
síbhruíon (“fairy palace”)
síofrach (“elfin, fairy-like”)
síofróg (“elf-woman, fairy”)
síofróireacht (“fairy lore”)
sióg (“fairy”)
síothshluagh (“fairy host, fairy army”)
síscéal (“fairy-tale”)
síúil (“fairy-like, elfin; weird”)
slua sí (“fairy host”)
solas sí (“misguiding light”)

Etymology 2

From Old Irish sí, from Proto-Celtic *sī, from Proto-Indo-European *sih₂.

Pronoun

sí (emphatic form sise, conjunctive)

she
it (referring to a feminine noun)

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
sí	shí after an, tsí	not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Lakota

Noun

sí

foot, paw

Old Irish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /sʲiː/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Celtic *sī (compare Welsh hi), from a blend of Proto-Indo-European *só (“this”) + *íh₂.

Pronoun

sí

she
Sí fri gábud condon·fóir.
May she protect us against danger.
it (referring to a feminine noun)
Is sí thol Dée.
It is God's will.

Related terms

sissi (emphatic)

Descendants

Irish: sí
Manx: ee
Scottish Gaelic: i

Etymology 2

See síi.

Pronoun

sí

Alternative spelling of síi

Spanish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈsi/
Audio (Colombia): (file)
Rhymes: -i
Syllabification: sí
Homophone: si

Etymology 1

Inherited from Latin sīc (est).

Particle

sí

yes (commonly used to respond affirmatively to a question)
Synonyms: claro, por supuesto, (colloquial, Mexico, Guatemala) simón, (colloquial) sip

Antonyms: no, (colloquial, Mexico) nel
(Spain) hello (used to answer the telephone)

Usage notes

As an affirmation, this term has in Spanish a usage that is not usually explicitly translated into English, since it could sound like a pleonasm, being that "positively", "affirmatively", and always related to a negation (explicit or not):
- Él sí puede, yo no
  He (positively) can, I cannot.
- Esto sí es una fiesta.
  This sure is a party. / This is what I call a party.
- No sabemos si es sostenible, pero lo que sí sabemos es que funciona muy bien.
  We don't know if it's sustainable, but what we do know is that it works very well.

Derived terms

Noun

sí m (plural sís or síes)

yes; aye, ay; approbation, acceptance
Ganaron los síes.
The ayes have it.

Etymology 2

Inherited from Latin sibi, from Proto-Indo-European *sébʰye, dative of *swé (“self”). Cognate with French soi, Italian sé, and Portuguese si.

Pronoun

sí

himself, herself, itself, themselves, yourself, yourselves (form of se used after prepositions)
para sí ― for himself/herself/itself/themselves/yourself/yourselves

			nominative	dative	accusative	disjunctive
first person	singular		ei	me, -mi		mi
	plural	common	nos	mus^L nus^LV nos, -nus^M		nos
		masculine	noshotrus^M			noshotrus^M
		feminine	noshotras^M			noshotras^M
second person	singular		tú	te, -ti		ti
	plural	common	vos	vus^LV vos, -vus^M		vos
		masculine	voshotrus^M			voshotrus^M
		feminine	voshotras^M			voshotras^M
third person	singular	masculine	el	le, -li	u^LV, o^M	el
	singular	feminine	ela		a	ela
	plural	masculine	elis		us^LV, os^M	elis
	plural	feminine	elas		as	elas
	reflexive		—	se, -si		sí

Number	Person (and gender)	Conjunctive (emphatic)	Disjunctive (emphatic)	Possessive determiner
Singular	First	mé (mise)		mo ^L m' before vowel sounds
	Second	tú (tusa)¹	thú (thusa)	do ^L d' before vowel sounds
	Third masculine	sé (seisean)	é (eisean)	a ^L
	Third feminine	sí (sise)	í (ise)	a ^H
	Third neuter	—	ea	—
Plural	First	muid, sinn (muidne, muide), (sinne)		ár ^E
	Second	sibh (sibhse)¹		bhur ^E
	Third	siad (siadsan)	iad (iadsan)	a ^E

				nominative	dative	accusative	disjunctive
first person	singular			yo	me		mí¹
	plural	masculine²		nosotros	nos		nosotros
	plural	feminine		nosotras	nos		nosotras
second person	singular	tuteo		tú	te		ti¹
		voseo		vos	te		vos
		formal³		usted	le, se⁴	lo/la⁵	usted
	plural	familiar⁶	masculine²	vosotros	os		vosotros
		familiar⁶	feminine	vosotras	os		vosotras
		formal/general³		ustedes	les, se⁴	los/las⁵	ustedes
third person	singular	masculine²		él	le, se⁴	lo	él
		feminine		ella		la	ella
		neuter		ello⁷		lo	ello
	plural	masculine²		ellos	les, se⁴	los	ellos
	plural	feminine		ellas	les, se⁴	las	ellas
	reflexive			—	se		sí¹

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