See Wiktionary:Todo/Westrobothnian cleanup for more information.

grop +‎ styl

9 m (definite singular gropstyln)

1. (typography) bold style

9 (preterite grotäsä)

1. threaten

   Han grotäsä ti’ä, att’n skull slå i häl’n.

   He threatened to kill him.

   stånnom grotäsä vä na

   sometimes threatened her

• Rietz, Johan Ernst, “GROTÄS”, in Svenskt dialektlexikon: ordbok öfver svenska allmogespråket (in Swedish), 1962 edition, Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups Förlag, published 1862–1867, page 215

From Old Norse *grjópa, from Proto-Germanic *greupaną. Cognate with Dalian griopa, griuopa, Norwegian grjupe, Gutnish grypa, gröipa.

9 (preterite graup, supine grupi)

1. (transitive) To roughly grind, kibble.

From Proto-Germanic *greutą.

9 f (definite gruta, dative grutn)

1. a tiny bit

   i löytar greeot

   a little bit

   Einkä gruta ji att, sä mistä ji

   The only little bit I owned, I lost.

   Hä var no gódt den gruta hä var

   It was probably good, the little there was.

   Ge mä naltä pela grut gódta!

   Give me a few treats!

• sylmån f

• grut n

9

1. With high and broad shoulders, so that these people seem to walk slightly inclined forwards; considered as a sign of unusual body strength.

Category:Westrobothnian terms suffixed with -u

From Old Norse grýta.

• IPA^(key): /²ɡryːt/, , , ,

  Rhymes: -ỳːt

  (í-ý merger) Rhymes: -ỳːt, -ìːt

  (øy-ý merger) Rhymes: -ỳːt, -ø̀ʏ̯ːt

Template:gmq-bot-noun

1. A cooking pot.

   Kara ell’n onna gryta

   To bring the fire away from the pot.

• grytskrabb
• grytskröpu
• hvor ain kara unner sin gryt
• kórven ruuv allti stor i annars gryt

9 m (definite singular gräddspon, definite plural gräddspoa)

1. Oven peel.

From Old Norse greina.

9

1. (middle voice, intransitive) To agree.

• skeljäs

9 (preterite gränjä, middle gränjäs)

1. (intransitive) To frown; show teeth, growl.

• gränjäs

9 (preterite gränjäsä, active gräni)

1. (middle voice, intransitive) To wrinkle the nose, grin, get angry.

• gräni

9 (preterite grävlä)

1. (transitive) To dig, search.

From Old Norse gráðugr, from Proto-Germanic *grēdagaz, from *grēduz (“hunger”) + *-gaz.

• IPA^(key): /ɡròːdʉ/, ,

  Rhymes: -òːðɵ

grå̄dŭ

1. who is starved and therefore eats much and to whom the food does not seem to serve any or fill one up and so gets hungry again shortly

   lätt int fahlkjä dätt wahl grådu

   don't starve your people

• gjä´sk

• grââ m (“large appetite, hunger”)

• Stenberg, Pehr, Widmark, Gusten, “grådug a grå̄dŭ”, in Ordbok över Umemålet , →ISBN, page 44

Category:Westrobothnian terms suffixed with -u

• grunn
• gronn

From Old Norse grunnr.

9 (neuter grånt)

1. shallow

   hä jer grånt nedi ɑɳ

   it is shallow in the river

From Old Norse grunn n.

Template:gmq-bot-noun

1. shallow

Derived from górm.

9 m (definite singular grómmen)

1. The solid stuff that is precipitated from a liquid mixture; sediment, settlings, dregs.

• grómmäl

• kaffegrómm

• grøv
• gröv

grȫf

1. To dyke.

• grof
• grøvning

From grunn, grånn (“shallow.”).

Template:gmq-bot-noun

1. Uplift in water.

• grøv
• gröf

9 (preterite grov or grövd, supine grövä, past participle grövä)

1. to dig, make pits; particularly dyking

• grof
• grøvning

9 f (definite grövda)

1. thickness

• tjógd

9

1. preterite of grøv

Template:gmq-bot-noun

1. Trench shovel.

From Old Norse *greytr, from Proto-Germanic *grautiz, cognate with Gutnish groyt, Icelandic grautur, Danish grød.

Template:gmq-bot-noun

1. Porridge.

9 (preterite grödd)

1. to hammer concave

• grøv

• gröv
• gröf

9 (preterite grövd)

1. to dyke

• grof
• grøvning
• grøvar

9 (preterite grövd)

1. Alternative form of grø

grøv +‎ -ar

9 m

1. One who digs ditches.

9 f (definite singular grøvninga)

1. digging

9 f (definite gufwun)

1. steam

• gåft
• gȯfwa
• gååfft
• gȯhla
• guuv

From Old Norse gull, goll, from Proto-Germanic *gulþą.

9 n (definite gullä)

1. (uncountable) gold

   hä glema som hä wor gullä

• gullfinger
• gullskre
• gulltypp
• gyllerfeinger

Category:gmq-bot:Metals

gull (“gold”) +‎ typp (“hen”)

9 f (definite singular gulltyppa, definite plural gulltyppen)

1. Coccinella spp. in general, but especially Coccinella septempunctata.

• kust

9 m

1. horror, horrible feeling upon witnessing something

From Norwegian gutt.

• IPA^(key): /ɡʉːt/

Template:gmq-bot-noun

1. A boy

• IPA^(key): /²ɡʉːv/, Template:gmq-bot-pronu-note

  Rhymes: -ʉ̀ːv

9 (preterite guvä)

1. (intransitive) blow; emit steam, steam, evaporate

9 f (definite guva)

1. cloud lump, which on otherwise clear sky rises from the ocean onto the horizon

• gȯfwa
• gufwu

It is thought that if such a cloud rises in the sky, it will not rain, but if it crawls down into the ocean again, rain will occur within three days.

• val, væl

Apparently cognate to Norwegian vål, Old Norse *váll. Compare hal, hölot (“slippery,”) from Old Norse háll.

Seemingly merged with vǫrðr in the term wälkäs (“beacon.”)

9 m (definite singular gvaln)

1. Fallen trees and debris in a forest.
2. Stumps, roots, etc. in soil (which is cultivated into field.)
3. Collection of timber without order.
4. Refuse, rubbish.

• gvalfall
• valu
• wölo

From Old Norse vǫlr (“staff”).

9 m (definite singular gvaln)

1. Round stick, thick staff, small rod.

• bröstgval
• bakvāl
• rakvāl
• skaftval
• slagval
• slöguval
• styrval
• trodval
• margvaƚ
• ögval

gval +‎ fall

9 n

1. A variety of overlapping fallen trees.

9

1. Alternative form of hwählf

• hwam

From Old Norse vǫmb, from Proto-Germanic *wambō.

• IPA^(key): Template:gmq-bot-pronu-note

  Rhymes: -ɑ́ːm

9 f (definite singular gvama)

1. (anatomy) paunch, rumen

• gvami
• vabb
• vabbug

• Rietz, Johan Ernst, “gvam”, in Svenskt dialektlexikon: ordbok öfver svenska allmogespråket (in Swedish), 1962 edition, Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups Förlag, published 1862–1867, page 790

• hwȧri
• warg
• wærg
• wåri
• vari
• vare

From Old Norse vargr. The change from /g/ to /j/ initially occurred only before front vowels, but spread to other forms; compare the variants warg and wærg and words like saingj and skojj.

• IPA^(key): , Template:gmq-bot-pronu-note

9 m (definite singular gvarjen, definite plural gvarja)

1. wolf
2. wheelbarrow

• Rietz, Johan Ernst, “GVARJ”, in Svenskt dialektlexikon: ordbok öfver svenska allmogespråket (in Swedish), 1962 edition, Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups Förlag, published 1862–1867, page 223

Category:gmq-bot:Mammals Category:gmq-bot:Tools

9

1. Alternative form of hwȧfwehl

Alternative form of wiri.

9 f (definite singular gverja)

1. Withy, (birch) withe.

• verjtjör

9 (preterite gvivä)

1. (ergative) swing to and fro, wag

• hväiv

• vórk
• hwȱrk

From Old Norse orka, from Proto-Germanic *wurkijaną (English work), from Proto-Indo-European *wṛǵ-·.

9 (preterite gvórkä)

1. to have strength, will or stamina enough; to bother

   Ji vórk int höir geudpratä dätt

   I can’t be bothered listening to your crazy talk.

   wårrke dy

   of course

   no wårrken vara arrj

   no wonder he is angry

9 f

1. power, energy

   Han hav ingar vórk dill å arbait

   He has no energy to work.

   Gamm-hästn håll å miink vórka

   The old horse is starting to have less strength than before.

• gvórkdag
• gvórkliten
• wårckeslaus

• örk
• ȱrk

• ȱrkda´g
• örkdag

gvórkdag m

1. workday, weekday

• hvórr, vörr, hwȯ́rr, oorr

From Old Norse orri.

• IPA^(key): Template:gmq-bot-pronu-note

9 m (definite singular gvórrn, definite plural gvórra)

1. black grouse (Lyrurus tetrix, syn. Tetrao tetrix)

• bulderhåna m

• örr f

• Rietz, Johan Ernst, “GVÓRR”, in Svenskt dialektlexikon: ordbok öfver svenska allmogespråket (in Swedish), 1962 edition, Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups Förlag, published 1862–1867, page 223

Category:gmq-bot:Fowls

Compare Old Norse kundr m (“son”), kunnr (“born, decendent”), káð, koð (“infant”), Slavic ćado (“a child”), Norwegian kate (“half-grown boy”), Elfdalian kuott (“piglet”), older Danish qvant (“young person”), German Kind (“child”), Sanskrit ǵâta (“child, offspring”) (p.p. of ǵan (“to breed; to be born”)), Hindustani kunvar (“son”).

• IPA^(key): /ɡwadː/

9 m

1. A little (round) boy.

• qwadd
• qwant
• wabb

Category:gmq-bot:Children Category:gmq-bot:Male

Likely somehow from Proto-Germanic *wanduz (“mole, vole”), although the vowel quality (and quantity) is unexpected (cf. rand, kamb vs. tann.) Compare Old English wand, Norwegian vånd, Welsh gwadd. Related to viindt.

9 m

1. mole (animal)
2. vole

• hwȧnn, wænn, wån, vann

• jolvann
• mullvann

9 (preterite gwen, supine gwinä)

1. Alternative form of hviin

From Old Norse hvítr, from Proto-Germanic *hwītaz, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱweytos.

• IPA^(key): Template:gmq-bot-pronu-note
  • Rhymes: -íːt

9

1. white

   wit a göɽv

   white floors

   gwitmarr

   a white mare

   hwitlökjen

   garlic

• hwit
• gvit
• wit

• withövd
• witgas

• wait

• Larsson, Evert, Söderström, Sven, “vit a. vi:t, wi:t, gwi:t, gvi:t”, in Hössjömålet : ordbok över en sydvästerbottnisk dialekt (in Swedish) →ISBN, page 214

Category:gmq-bot:Colors

From Old Norse hvetja, from Proto-Germanic *hwatjaną; related to hwȧtt and hwȧss.

9

1. to whet, sharpen

• gvätt, hvätt, hwätt, wäti, weti, wedi

9 f (definite singular gwätta)

1. soft whetstone

• gvätt, gvättu, hvätt, hwät, hwättu, hwettu, hwȯttu

• IPA^(key): /d͡ʒɛlː/, /d͡ʒiːl/

Compare Old Norse gildi (“payment, guild”).

9 n

1. feast, banquet

• skölgäll

From Old Norse gjald, from Proto-Germanic *geldą.

9 f

1. debt

   kömmi ass bothi gälln

   got us out of debt

9

1. present singular of gääll

9 f (definite gamelsäja)

1. old statement

gäsa +‎ -sam

9

1. who gladly romps and plays or jokes around wildly

• gas

Category:Westrobothnian terms suffixed with -sam

Template:gmq-bot-noun

1. (childish, derogatory) One who takes back what he has given.

From Old Norse gjalda, from Proto-Germanic *geldaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰeldʰ- (“to pay”). Cognates include English yield, German gelten, Dutch gelden, Swedish gälla, Norwegian gjelde, Icelandic and Faroese gjalda and Danish gælde.

9 (preterite gall or gallt, plural gååll, supine gålli or göllä)

1. (impersonal, sometimes personal) apply, be possible, be of help, suffice, give the desired result (of ...)

   Hä gäll int

   it can not be helped, it must take place

   or

   it can't be achieved, can't be done

   Hä gallt int plut vä ’om

   it was not enough to talk to him

   Han skönnä säg bästä’n kónnt, men hä gallt int

   He hurried as best he could, but it wasn't enough.

   åm he ha gålli men he gallt einnt

   imagine if it had worked, but it didn't

   dämm gååll nästaɳ einnt fɑ sɑnn

   it was almost impossible to break them

From Old Norse gelda, from geldr; see gall, gål.

9 (preterite gällä)

1. (transitive) castrate

9 m or f (definite singular gåftn or gåfta)

1. steam, hot water mist; aroma

• gååfft

9

1. Alternative form of gar

9 n

1. Alternative form of gor

9

1. present singular of gå

9

1. Uncleanly, dirty.

   Han jär gårut i syna

   He is dirty in the face.

2. Bad, mean.

   Gårut arbäitar

   a bad worker

3. In poor health, sickly, bad.

   Ji jär int an gårut dill helsen

   I am somewhat frail of health.

9

1. Uncleanly, poorly.

   Hä jär gårut gjodt

   It's badly done

• IPA^(key): /²ɡoːʋ/, Template:gmq-bot-pronu-note

  Rhymes: -òːʋ

9

1. third-person plural past indicative of geva
2. third-person plural past subjunctive of geva

• djivä

• göft
• gooft

9 (preterite gåvtä)

1. (intransitive) to smell (whether fragrant or offensive)

   Hä gåvtä bara bränvina bothi mónnom å’n

   It just smelled of brandy from his mouth.

• gåft
• gȯfwa
• gufwu
• gȯhla

• Rietz, Johan Ernst, “Gååfft”, in Svenskt dialektlexikon: ordbok öfver svenska allmogespråket (in Swedish), 1962 edition, Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups Förlag, published 1862–1867, page 223

Derived from go (“good”).

• IPA^(key): , ,

  Rhymes: -ʊ́tː

9 n

1. neuter singular of go

   Hä var no gódt den gruta hä var

   It was probably good, the little there was.

2. (as an adverb) well

   Han halka säg fram sä gódt ’n kónd

   He pulled himself forward as best he could.

• IPA^(key): , ,
• (feminine only) IPA^(key): , ,
  • Rhymes: -ʊ́tː, -ʊ̀tː

9 f or n

1. sweets, treats, pastries, confectionery; anything sweet such as sugar, raisins etc.

   Ge mä naltä pela grut gódta!

   Give me a few treats!

Category:gmq-bot:Sweets

From Old Norse golf (“floor”), perhaps from Proto-Germanic *gulbą, *gulbaz (“floor”), itself of unknown origin.

• IPA^(key): /ɡʊlv/, , ,

  Rhymes: -ʊ́ɽʋ

9 n (definite singular gólvä, dative gólvän, definite plural gólva)

1. floor

   hä sto vöttuloken ätter ä på gólvä

   water flowed thence along the floor

   pönt int ne gólvän

   don't soil the floor

   Han gekk å lynkä kring gólvän.

   He drunkenly wiggled around the floor.

• flåor

• tak

• gólvas
• logólv

• pall

Derived from gor.

9 m

1. mixture of soil and intestinal contents; uncleanliness, guts of fish
2. ill-done work

• grómm
• gåårm

9 (preterite göikä)

1. (intransitive) To sing like the Lapps.

9 f

1. hideaway, storage

   å da jer e jo nân so hâ hövi-fånne djömsla seran

   and since then someone has found the hideaway

• IPA^(key): , ,

  Rhymes: -ø̀ːnɪŋ

9

1. through

9

1. through

• giönung

• IPA^(key): , , ,

  Rhymes: -ø̀ðnɪŋ, -ø̀ːnɪŋ

9 f

1. fertiliser, manure

• giöning

• brukning f
• brukkt f

• göningskas f

göning +‎ kas

9 f

1. midden

• göppen, gökken, gökn, geoken, gonken, gunken

From earlier gaupn, from Old Norse gaupn.

9 f (definite singular gönkna)

1. The hollow hand, (when the fingers are half bent), a handful (with both hands), a gowpen.

• gåft
• nävafyll

9 m (definite singular görmen)

1. reindeer warble fly, caribou bot fly, Hypoderma tarandi

gö̂rm

1. carry out unnecessary and useless work

Category:gmq-bot:Dipterans Category:gmq-bot:Parasites

9 m

1. vocative of göss

• gæu
• göyv
• göuvd

gȱuw m (definite singular gȱuwĕn, definite plural gȱuwă)

1. fool, madman
2. a kind of tallow candle, which is steeped in a cattle weasand

• gȯuwut (“foolish, mad”)

• håågg

From Old Norse hǫggva, from Proto-Germanic *hawwaną.

• IPA^(key): /²hɒɡː/, , , ,

  Rhymes: -ɒ̀ɡː

9 (present hagg, plural haagg, preterite hågg, plural håågg, supine håggi)

1. To hew, chop.

9

1. (transitive) To mimic, imitate someone in act, speech or gesture.

• happäl

From Old Norse hark n (“noise”).

9 (preterite harkä)

1. (intransitive) To come into contact with something, so that it creaks thereby.
2. (intransitive) To slow down skis down a hill, with the ski stick, held so that it plunges deep into the snow.
3. (intransitive) To hawk up phlegm.

• (slow down): häri

From Old Norse harka (saman) “scrape together”.

9 (preterite harkä)

1. (transitive) To rake away something.

Category:gmq-bot:Skiing

From Old Norse hadda, from Proto-Germanic *hadiþǭ (? "haðiðōn"). Related to Latin catēna, Old English heaðor.

9 m or f (definite haddn or hadda, dative haddom or haddn)

1. Pothook, ear on pots.
2. Edge, brink.

• grythadd
• yterst a haddom
• yterst a haddn

• IPA^(key): /hædːɐ/

9 f

1. definite nominative/accusative feminine singular of hadd

From Middle Low German helft, helfte, from Proto-Germanic *halbiþō. Compare Danish hælvt, Swedish hälft, Old Norse helfð, German hälfte, Middle Dutch helfde, Dutch helft and Old Frisian hälfte.

• (singular):

  IPA^(key): , ,

  Rhymes: -ɒ́ʈː

  (a-o merger) Rhymes: -ɒ́ʈː, -ɑ́ʈː

• (plural):

  IPA^(key): , ,

  Rhymes: -ɒ̀ʈː

  (a-o merger) Rhymes: -ɒ̀ʈː, -ɑ̀ʈː

9 f (definite hadhta)

1. half

   Ve ska deel hadht om hadht.

   We will share half each.

   hadhta bådhti hadhta å hadhta bådhti he

   one eighth

9 n

1. neuter singular of haḷv
2. neuter singular of hahl

9

1. half
2. heavily

   Dem hava no vohdtä hadht ålitä hästa hans.

   His horses have (probably/certainly) been heavily used.

• håå
• hå
• ha

From Old Norse hafa (“to have, wear, carry”), from Proto-Germanic *habjaną (“to have, hold”), from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂p- (“to seize, grab”).

• IPA^(key): /²hɑːʋɐ/, /²hɒːʋɐ/, /²hɔːʋɐ/, /²hoː(ɔ)/

9 (present hȧf, plural hafwa, preterite hȧdd, supine hȧdd)

1. (transitive, with accusative) To have, possess.

   han hȧf int nȧ fataskift ― he has no discernment

2. (transitive, with accusative) To have, be related to something.

   han hȧdd enxi säng ― he had his own special bed separately

   Ja hȧf ejn sahn men brorn män hȧf fyr a söhni ― I have one son, but my brother has four sons

3. (auxiliary verb, taking a past participle) Used in forming the perfect aspect and the past perfect aspect.

   Hä wȧr farkenmȧtn rett hejna, ja hȧf int itti ’n sen då å då.

   This right here was a most desirable dish, I have not eaten it since this or that time.

• he
• hȧf
• hamn
• hääfft

From Old Saxon hago (“enclosure”). Doublet of haga.

• IPA^(key): ,

  Rhymes: -áːɣ, -ǽːɣ

  (a-o merger) Rhymes: -ɑ́ːɣ, -ɒ́ːɣ

9 n (definite hagjä)

1. simple fence or enclosure made of sticks, twigs or bushes
2. (hunting) such a construction used for hunting, with openings with snares and traps where birds and hares are caught

• ryphag

• hååg
• haga
• hägi

From Old Norse hagi, from Proto-Germanic *hagô.

9 m

1. roundpole fence, fence

• hagasam
• hagasta
• hagasto
• hagaståd
• hagaski
• hagatro
• skihaga

• hag
• hägi
• hägn

Template:gmq-bot-noun

1. The streak in the earth after a demolished fence (haga.)

Template:gmq-bot-noun

1. Alternative spelling of hadht

9 n

1. Alternative spelling of hadht

9

1. Alternative spelling of hadht

From Old Norse harðr, from Proto-Germanic *harduz, from Proto-Indo-European *kert-, *kret- (“strong; powerful”).

• IPA^(key): Template:gmq-bot-pronu-note

  Rhymes: -ɑ́ːɽ

hāhl (neuter hadht)

1. hard

   han gjär sä hahl som stejn

   he (alt: it) is as hard as stone

2. rough
3. hard-hearted, obstinate, cold-hearted

• hal

• hahlut
• hehl
• hal
• halän

From Old Norse heill, from Proto-Germanic *hailaz, from Proto-Indo-European *kóh₂ilus (“healthy, whole”). Akin to English whole.

• IPA^(key): /he(ɪ̯)ːl/, /hɛ(ɪ̯)ːl/, /ha(ɪ̯)ːl/

  Rhymes: -éɪ̯ːl

9 (neuter haillt)

1. whole, complete, full, entire

   Dem sat å gamsä heilä ättermedagen

   They sat and chewed the fat the entire afternoon.

• IPA^(key): /²he(ɪ̯)ːl/, /²hɛ(ɪ̯)ːl/, /²ha(ɪ̯)ːl/

  Rhymes: -èɪ̯ːl

9 (preterite haile, middle hailes, passive val haile)

1. (transitive) To heal.

• häli

9 f (definite singular hakaskjötta)

1. quarrel, rivalry, strivings.

   No val hä hakaskjötta om Gus gåven i jår

   Probably there will be strivings of the grain (or harvests) this year.

9

1. Alternative form of hahl

9

1. To pull firmly.

• häl
• hääl

• hɑljøt
• hålja

hölj +‎ -ut

• (Bygdeå) IPA^(key): /²hɑɽjɵt/
• (Lövånger) IPA^(key): /²hɒɽjɵt/, /²hɑɽjœt/
• (Burträsk) IPA^(key): /²hɑɽjɵt/

  Rhymes: -ɵt

9

1. Who goes about badly dressed, ill-mannered in behavior and attire, sloppy in clothing; sloppy, unkempt, simple-minded.

From Old Norse hallr. Cognate with Icelandic hallur.

9

1. sloping, inclined, oblique

From Old Norse hǫll, from Proto-Germanic *hallō.

9 f

1. area where no particularly large forest exist

9

1. to live, to dwell

   Hwars hall ’n dill?

   Where does he live?

hal +‎ -mint

9

1. indocile, unteachable

hal (“hard”) +‎ -slökt (“hewn”)

9 n

1. hard to hew

hals +‎ slet

9 n

1. Neckpiece, scarf.

9

1. half, halfway, half-

halv (“half”) +‎ förä (“faren”)

9

1. Halfway (e.g. halfway fared.)
2. Of half-done work.

Pronominal form of hahl (“hard, rough, cold-hearted.”)

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1. (euphemistic) The devil.

• hakän
• hasjken
• håkän
• nåkän
• saltarn

From Old Norse hamarr, from Proto-Germanic *hamaraz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱmoros, from *h₂éḱmō (“stone”).

9 m

1. A wooded rock slope, rocky forest hill, wooded stony mountain ridge.
2. Stony, barren hill, high, hard and stony ground.

Cognate with Ostrobothnian hambel (pret. hambla) “fumble.”

9 (preterite hammlä)

1. To be awkward, carry things out clumsily, with effort manage to do something.
2. To grope, to feel with one’s hands as the blind, examine something with one’s fingers.

• ham
• hammel
• hams
• hamut

• IPA^(key): ,
• Rhymes: -ámn

From Old Norse hǫfn, from Proto-Germanic *habnō.

9 f

1. port, harbour

Compare Old Norse hamr, Proto-Germanic *hamô. Cognate with Nilandian ham, Ostrobothnian hambli.

9 f (definite singular hamna, definite plural hamnin)

1. ghost, semblance

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1. Deadbeat, inept wretch.

9

1. (middle voice, intransitive, particle wä + object) To be in melee, fight.
2. (middle voice, intransitive, particle wä + object) To hire.

hand +‎ hvass

• IPA^(key): /ˈhɑnˌwasː/ Template:gmq-bot-pronu-note

9

1. strong-handed

From Old Norse handsǫl, plural of handsal. Cognate with English handsel.

9 n

1. A treat (with beverage) after completion of a purchase (to seal it.)

9

1. (transitive) handle, to use your hands to execute something, well or badly
2. (transitive) tame

From hangäl.

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1. Sluggish and tardy person; wretch, duffer.

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1. Verbal noun of hangäl.