Wiktionary:Word of the day/Archive/2021/January

1. (idiomatic) A new beginning; a fresh start; an important, promising turning point.

Happy New Year from all of us at the English Wiktionary!

1. (astronomy) The point in the elliptical orbit of a comet, planet, etc., where it is nearest to the Sun.
2. (figurative) The highest point or state; the peak, zenith.

Earth reaches its perihelion on this day in 2021 at 1:51 pm Universal Time.

1. (idiomatic, informal) A very long time; a period regarded as too long.

In 2021, this month is the first of four months which have five Sundays.

1. Backwards or upside down; also, having been overturned or upset.
2. (figurative) Not in the natural order of things; in a disorderly manner; chaotically.

topsy-turvy adj

1. Backwards or upside down.
2. (figurative) Chaotic; disorderly.

topsy-turvy n

1. (countable) An act of turning something backwards or upside down, or the situation that something is in after this has happened.
2. (countable, figurative) A situation where the natural order of things has been upset.
3. (uncountable, figurative) Chaos, confusion, disorder.

topsy-turvy v

1. (transitive) To turn topsy-turvy or upside down; to invert.
2. (transitive, figurative) To throw into chaos or disorder; to upset.

1. (countable) Any of various game birds of the subfamily Tetraoninae which inhabit temperate and subarctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere; specifically, the red grouse (Lagopus lagopus scotica) native to heather moorland on the British Isles.
2. (uncountable) The flesh or meat of this bird eaten as food.

1. A cause for complaint; a grumble.

grouse adj

1. (Australia, New Zealand, slang) Excellent.

Today is National Bird Day in the USA, which is promoted by the Avian Welfare Coalition to encourage the leaving of birds in the wild and to improve the welfare of birds in captivity.

1. (Christianity) Chiefly preceded by the (three): the wise men who visited and gave gifts to the baby Jesus at the Epiphany (traditionally considered to be three in number and sometimes named Balthazar, Caspar, and Melchior, but the Bible does not state how many there were or their names).
2. (astronomy, by extension) The three bright stars (Alnitak (ζ Ori), Alnilam (ε Ori), and Mintaka (δ Ori)) that form Orion's Belt in the Orion constellation.

In Western Christianity, today is Epiphany, which commemorates the visit of the Magi to the Christ child.

1. (intransitive, also figuratively) To argue fiercely, contend, squabble; to cease to be on friendly terms, to fall out.
2. (intransitive) To find fault; to cavil.
3. (intransitive, obsolete) Followed by at: to disagree with; to take offence.
4. (transitive, obsolete except Scotland) To argue or squabble with (someone).

1. (countable, idiomatic) Often preceded by every: a smallest detail; (uncountable) the smallest details collectively.

1. (idiomatic, humorous, informal, also attributively) A supposed cause of typographical errors, especially keyboard errors that cause erroneous trades to be executed in financial markets, or typing errors on touchscreen devices.

The first iPhone, a touchscreen-based smartphone, was announced on this day in 2007 by Apple co-founder Steve Jobs.

1. (transitive, hyperbolic) To annoy (someone) so much that they cannot concentrate.

1. Wearing a fez (“a felt hat shaped like a truncated cone with a tassel attached”); fezzed.

Today is Takdim watikat al-istiqlal (Independence Manifesto Day) in Morocco, which commemorates the date in 1944 when a document demanding independence for the kingdom was submitted to France, the United Kingdom, and the United States.

1. (chemistry) Any substance that can bond or mix with, or disturb, another substance and cause an increase in the speed of a natural or artificial chemical process.
   1. A substance that accelerates the development of a fire, especially some petroleum product used to spread a fire caused by arson.
   2. A substance used to catalyze the vulcanization of rubber.
2. (figurative) Something that speeds up a process or the uptake of something else.

accelerant adj

1. Causing acceleration or speeding up; accelerating.

1. Of a person: wearing clothing or some other covering (for example, armour) on the body; clothed, dressed; with a descriptive word: wearing clothing of a specified type.
2. Of an object (often in compounds): covered, enveloped in, or surrounded by a cladding, or a specified material or substance.
3. (figurative) Adorned, ornamented.

clad v

1. (archaic, literary or obsolete, past tense clad) To clothe, to dress.
2. (past tense clad or cladded) To cover with a cladding or another material (for example, insulation); (figurative) to envelop, to surround.
3. (figurative, past tense clad) To imbue (with a specified quality).

1. (countable, organic chemistry) The unsaturated six-membered heterocycle having four carbon atoms, two oxygen atoms, and two double bonds (molecular formula C₄H₄O₂); 1,2-dioxin and 1,4-dioxin.
2. (countable, organic chemistry) The parent compound dibenzo-1,4-dioxin or dibenzo-p-dioxin (molecular formula C₁₂H₈O₂), in which two benzene rings are connected through two oxygen atoms; dibenzodioxin, oxanthrene.
3. (countable, organic chemistry) Any of a broad range of toxic or carcinogenic halogenated polycyclic compounds that occur as byproducts of herbicides.
   1. (uncountable, specifically, loosely) The compound 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD; molecular formula C₁₂H₄Cl₄O₂), a persistent organic pollutant of the environment which is generally produced as a byproduct of organic synthesis or when organic materials are burned.

1. (originally Internet slang, chiefly humorous) Used to designate an assertion or other statement as false, inaccurate, or requiring verification.

Happy birthday, Wikipedia! Today is the 20th anniversary of the website, which was launched in 2001.

1. (Northern England) A low, hand-operated truck, generally with four wheels, used for transporting objects or for riding on as a toy; a trolley.
2. (Australia, British, Canada, New Zealand, by extension, rail transport, also attributively) One of two sets of wheels under a locomotive or railcar; also, a structure with axles and wheels under a locomotive, railcar, or semi which provides support and reduces vibration for the vehicle.
3. (British, dated, India, rail transport) A railway carriage.

1. (chiefly US, slang) A marijuana cigarette; a joint.

1. Of little consequence; small and of little importance; petty, trivial.
2. Childishly spiteful; tending to go on about unimportant things; small-minded.

picayune n (chiefly US)

1. (numismatics, especially Louisiana, historical) A small coin of the value of six-and-a-quarter cents; a Spanish coin with a value of half a real; a fippenny bit.
2. (by extension, archaic) A coin worth five cents (a nickel) or some other low value.
3. (figuratively, informal) A person regarded as unworthy of respect or useless; also, something of very little value; a trifle.
4. (figuratively, informal) An argument, fact, or other issue raised (often intentionally) that distracts from a larger issue or fails to make any difference.

1. (nautical) A short rope used for fastening rigging, as a handle, etc.
2. (by extension) A cord worn around the neck, shoulder, or wrist which is attached to a small object to be carried such as an identity card or security pass, key, knife, or whistle.
3. (by extension, military) A cord with a hook which is secured to an artillery piece, and pulled to fire the weapon.

1. (intransitive) Of a peacock or other fowl: to stand or walk stiffly, with the tail erect and spread out.
2. (intransitive, by extension, also figuratively) To walk haughtily or proudly with one's head held high.
3. (transitive, by extension) To walk across or on (a stage or other place) haughtily or proudly.
4. (intransitive, obsolete) Often followed by out: to protuberate or stick out due to being full or swollen; to bulge, to swell.
5. (transitive, obsolete) Often followed by out: to cause (something) to bulge, protrude, or swell.

1. (transitive, chiefly construction, also figuratively) To brace or support (something) by a strut or struts; to hold (something) in place or strengthen by a diagonal, transverse, or upright support.
2. (intransitive) To be attached diagonally or at a slant; also, to be bent at a sharp angle.

1. (US, chiefly politics) An advantageous position from which to express one's views.

Today in 2021, Joe Biden and Kamala Harris will be respectively inaugurated as the 46th President and 49th Vice President of the United States.

1. (British, idiomatic, informal) That is fair, good, or reasonable; one cannot hope for a better decision or outcome.

1. (military, archaic)
   1. A small troop of soldiers picked to make an advance attack, or the first attack; a storming party.
   2. (obsolete) In the plural form forlorn hopes: the soldiers collectively making up such a troop; (by extension) a group of reckless adventurers.
2. (by extension) Any dangerous or hopeless venture.

1. (dated) Having a slender, athletic body; lithe.

1. (literary, archaic) An insatiable and obsessive bookworm (“avid book reader”).

Today is the International Day of Education, which is recognized by the United Nations to emphasize the importance of ensuring equitable and inclusive education at all levels so that people may acquire the knowledge and skills needed to participate fully in society and contribute towards sustainable development.

1. (Scotland) A small, single-edged knife worn tucked into the hose (stocking) as part of traditional Scottish Highland dress along with the kilt.

Burns night is held on this date in celebration of the Scottish poet and lyricist Robert Burns (born on 25 January 1759), and usually involves Scottish foods and recitals of his poetry.

1. (Australia, New Zealand, historical) A person who travels around with a swag (“bundle of personal items”); specifically, an itinerant person, often seeking work in exchange for food and lodging.
2. (British, archaic) A person who sells or trades in trinkets or items of low value.
3. (US, slang) A middleman who buys and sells stolen goods; a fence.

Today is Australia Day, the national day of Australia.

1. (Judaism) A Jewish prayer of praise to God recited during services, and specifically when mourning the death of a close relative.

Today is International Holocaust Remembrance Day, which marks the Holocaust that occurred during World War II – the genocide perpetrated on Jews and other people by the Nazi regime and its collaborators.

1. (uncountable) Backache of the lumbar region or lower back, which can be caused by muscle strain or a slipped disc.
2. (countable) An episode of such backache.

lumbago v

1. (transitive) To affect (someone) with lumbago.

1. (intransitive) To cower, flinch, recoil, shrink, or tense, as in disgust, embarrassment, or fear.
2. (intransitive, figuratively) To experience an inward feeling of disgust, embarrassment, or fear; (by extension) to feel very embarrassed.
3. (intransitive) To bow or crouch in servility.
4. (transitive, obsolete) To draw (a body part) close to the body; also, to distort or wrinkle (the face, etc.).
5. (transitive, obsolete) To bow or crouch to (someone) in servility; to escort (someone) in a cringing manner.

cringe n

1. (countable) A gesture or posture of cringing (recoiling or shrinking).
2. (countable, figuratively) An act or disposition of servile obeisance.
3. (countable, British, dialectal) A crick (“painful muscular cramp or spasm of some part of the body”).
4. (uncountable, slang) Awkwardness or embarrassment which causes an onlooker to cringe; cringeworthiness.

cringe adj

1. (slang) Inducing awkwardness or embarrassment; cringemaking, cringeworthy, cringy.

1. Existence together with the bodily faculties.

1. (transitive, idiomatic) To totally destroy (something); to annihilate or wipe out (something).